Diagnostic Role of Survivin in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, which is characterized by the hyperplasia of synovial tissue. Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, which facilitates the formation of functional T-cell receptor and differentiation of memory T cells. Survivin plays an important role in the expression of major histocompatibility complex molecules and mature dendritic cells, which play the main role in the etiology of RA. This systematic review was conducted to investigate the evidence on the role of survivin as a diagnostic and predictive value in RA patients. All published articles related to the subject of interest and published up to 30 March 2018 were searched in three databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science. After a detailed evaluation of the full-text version of the papers, 23 articles were entered into the study. The elevation of survivin in the preclinical phase of RA and its association with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibodies suggested it as a predictor of RA. Recently, survivin has been introduced as the biomarker of joint damage and poor response to antirheumatic treatment in RA patients. Based on the evidence, survivin level had high specificity and sensitivity in the diagnosis of RA patients. The results of the reviewed studies demonstrated that a positive survivin level was associated with the presence of anti-CCP antibodies.