Healthy Human Gastrointestinal Microbiome: Composition and Function After a Decade of Exploration.
Dig Dis Sci
; 65(3): 695-705, 2020 03.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32067143
ABSTRACT
The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract contains communities of microbes (bacteria, fungi, viruses) that vary by anatomic location and impact human health. Microbial communities differ in composition based on age, diet, and location in the gastrointestinal tract. Differences in microbial composition have been associated with chronic disease states. In terms of function, microbial metabolites provide key signals that help maintain healthy human physiology. Alterations of the healthy gastrointestinal microbiome have been linked to the development of various disease states including inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, and colorectal cancer. While the definition of a healthy GI microbiome cannot be precisely identified, features of a healthy gut microbiome include relatively greater biodiversity and relative abundances of specific phyla and genera. Microbes with desirable functional profiles for the human host have been identified, in addition to specific metabolic features of the microbiome. This article reviews the composition and function of the healthy human GI microbiome, including the relative abundances of different bacterial taxa and the specific metabolic pathways and classes of microbial metabolites contributing to human health and disease prevention.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Temas:
Geral
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Nível de Saúde
/
Pesquisa Biomédica
/
Trato Gastrointestinal
/
Microbioma Gastrointestinal
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Dig Dis Sci
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos