[Safety and clinical-cost effectiveness of percutaneous coronary interventions with overnight hospitalization].

New methods and treatment plans for patients with chronic coronary artery disease after endovascular interventions are currently introduced into clinical practice. It allows reducing hospital stay down to 24 hour, with discharge the next morning. This approach is called overnight stay. Using a similar strategy increases the availability of various types of endovascular interventions, shorter waiting lists, and cut the cost of treatment due to a reduced hospital stay.

[Clinical and cost effectiveness of percutaneous coronary intervention for patients with chronic coronary artery disease during overnight hospitalization].

AIM: To evaluate cost effectiveness of coronary endovascular treatment in patients with stable IHD during "one-night" hospitalization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using the cost-minimization analysis direct medical cost of coronary endovascular treatment in patients with stable IHD during the "one-night" hospitalization was compared with the "classic" hospitalization. RESULTS: The most cost-effective strategy for hospitalization of patients for transcutaneous coronary intervention (TCI) with stenting was the "one-night" hospitalization. Differences in direct medical costs (DMC) were statistically significant (p=0.01) in favor of the patient group hospitalized for one night. CONCLUSION: The "one-night" hospitalization plan for patients with stable IHD to undergo TCI with stenting increases the cost-effectiveness due to the decreased number of days of stay in the hospital and the associated decrease in cost of in-patient maintenance, which resultes in considerable financial savings (Δ between the hospitalization plans was 21.2 % in favor of the "one-might" hospitalization). This Δ indicates high cost effectiveness of the selected approach.

[Effect of the presence of a drug in the list of supplementary drug provision on compliance to its administration by outpatients with arterial hypertension].

Aim of the study was to investigate relationship between the presence of a drug in the list of supplementary drug provision (SDP) and compliance to its consumption by outpatients with arterial hypertension as well as determination of the place of SDP in a row of other factors affecting compliance to treatment. Methods. Patients (men and women) older than 18 years with initial level of office systolic arterial pressure (AP) 140-179 mm Hg and diastolic AP up to 100 mm Hg who visited regional internist. The study was conducted at the base of 82 Moscow polyclinics with participation of 185 physicians and 5474 patients. In all patients besides general clinical examination with office AP measurement calculation of body mass index and assessment of risk factors and concomitant therapy were carried out. All patients assessed themselves their self feeling with the use of visual-analog scale (VAS). Compliance of patients to antihypertensive therapy was evaluated with the help of the Moriski - Green test. Fact of continuous use of antihypertensive drugs received by patients within framework of the SDP system was necessarily obligatory. For final analysis 4816 ambulatory cards were selected. Results. Portion of patients with low compliance to therapy was greatly than that of patients with high compliance to therapy (61.1 vs. 38.9%, respectively, p=0.00001). Inclusion into analysis of additional factor (presence of CHD) reduced contribution of SDP to compliance to 25%, but it remained as before significant (p<0.0007). However addition to these factors of other parameters such as presence of diabetes mellitus or tonometer at home completely leveled effect of SDP on compliance to therapy (p<0.12). Conclusion. Presence of drugs in the SDP list significantly elevates compliance to therapy. However SDP does not appear the only independent predictor of high compliance. If SDP is considered together with other determining factors (presence of concomitant IHD and diabete, readiness to spend money for tonometer) its role as independent factor of high compliance is diminished and loses significance.

[Clinical, hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of switching patients with chronic heart failure from not recommended -adrenoblockers to bisoprolol in ambulatory practice].

At present only bisoprolol, metoprolol succinate, nebivolol, and carvedilol are considered to be beta adrenoblockers with proven efficacy relative to course and prognosis of chronic heart failure (CHF). However in real clinical practice most patients continue to receive preparations which are not recommended for application. Therefore we have conducted this study in order to assess efficacy of switching ambulatory patients from therapy with "not recommended" beta adrenoblockers to bisoprolol which is recommended for the treatment of CHF. We recruited 35 patients with stable class II-III CHF on standard therapy which included beta adrenoblockers not recommended for the treatment of CHF. In all patients at baseline and after 6 months of therapy we assessed clinical status, quality of life with the Minnesota questionnaire and visual analog scale, performed 6 min walk test and echocardiography for evaluation of left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) and measured level of N terminal fragment of pro brain natriuretic peptide in blood serum. Switching patients from "not recommended" beta adrenoblockers to bisoprolol was associated with significant improvement of clinical status with increase of 6 min walk distance, betterment of parameters of quality of life, and significant rise of LV EF combined with lowering of mean CHF functional class (all <0.01 compared with baseline). There was no significant dynamics of NT proBNP level in the whole group but in the subgroup with NT proBNP values above median significant lowering we noted its significant lowering (<0,05). No significant association between dynamics of main clinico-laboratory parameters and decrease of heart rate was observed. Switch of patients with moderate CHF to bisoprolol from therapy with beta adrenoblockers not recommended for application in this disease was associated with improvement of quality of life, clinical status, and LV systolic function. This was combined with lowering of initially elevated NT proBNP level irrespective of changes of heart rate.

[Assessment of major artery stiffness: new perspectives of noninvasive diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis].

AIM: Arterial stiffness is a predictor of atherosclerosis. This study was conducted to develop a method of coronary atherosclerosis severity assessment by means of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We measured baPWV in 119 males (age 51.67 +/- 7.25) who received coronary angiographic examination (CAG). The baPWV was measured by Vasera VS-1000 (Fukuda Denshi). RESULTS: The patients were divided into two groups by severity of stenosis (group 1--less than 50% stenosis, group 2 > 50%). The baPWV value was significantly greater in group 2 (n = 98, baPWV 13.15 +/- 2.14 m/s, p = 0.004) than that in group 1 (n = 21, baPWV 12.13 +/- 1.17 m/s). ROC-curve demonstrated that the best cut-off point of the baPWV for predicting occlusive atherosclerosis was 12.2 m/s. The area under ROC-curve was 0.66 (p = 0.034). An univariate binary logistic regression model demonstrated that only baPWV had a significant odds ratio for coronary stenosis > 50%: 2.68 (95% CI = 1.01-7.15), p = 0.043. Other risk factors were not significantly associated with severity of stenosis. CONCLUSION: The baPWV significantly reflects the severity of stenosis in middle-aged males opening new perspectives of noninvasive detection of coronary artery atherosclerosis in middle-aged males.

[Clinical and economical effectiveness of outpatient diagnostic coronary angiography].

Introduction into clinical practice of transradial coronary angiography (CA) made it possible to conduct the procedure in outpatients and thus increase number of CA and diminish its cost. Aim of the study was to assess possibility, safety and economical efficacy of outpatient CA. Between April 2004 and August 2007 CA was carried out in 133 outpatients without overt heart failure, unstable angina, complex disturbances of cardiac rhythm or conduction. Comparison group comprised 187 patients subjected to CA within framework of short term hospitalization program. There were no complications associated with the use of either transradial or transfemoral approach. Total average cost of outpatient CA was 19% less than that of inhospital CA. Thus outpatient CA with transradial approach appears to be safe and effective procedure with low risk of complications in patients with stable ischemic heart disease.

[Possibility of coronary angiography without hospitalization].

Coronary angiography is the necessary investigation in the diagnostic complex of patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). The use of trans-radial access makes it possible to do the angiography without hospitalization. The algorithm of coronary angiography in day-time clinic was proposed. Non-hospital angiography in 15 patients was successful. It is the first time this method has been used in this country.

Echocardiographic assessment of the haemodynamic effect of ethmozine and its diethylamine analogue etacizine in patients with heart failure.

The purpose of the study was to compare the haemodynamic effect of new antiarrhythmic preparations - ethmozine and its diethylamine analogue etacizine in 22 patients with heart failure (HF), stage IIa, of different etiology. The patients were given for one week ethmozine and then again for one week etacizine, during which periods they were followed echocardiographically, with pressure measurement in the pulmonary artery (PAP) and in the right atrium (RAP). Ethmozine in a daily dosis of 600-800 mg did not induce changes in left ventricular dimensions, percentual shortening of the anteroposterior left ventricular dimension (% delta S), in PAP, RAP, arterial pressure and heart rate. With application of etacizine in a dose of 150-200 mg/day, a clinically insignificant decrease was observed in % delta S (by 19.7%; p less than 0.05), which was not accompanied by a more marked augmentation of left ventricular dimensions, PAP, RAP or an intensification of clinical signs of heart failure. In spite of this, on administration of etacizine to patients with HF it is necessary to control haemodynamics, the most suitable method for this being echocardiography.