A triangulation model for assessment of change in classroom behavior of medical teachers participating in faculty development program on lecturing skills.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: We utilized a triangulation method of a faculty development program's (FDP) evaluation comprising short-course workshops on classroom behaviors and lecturing skills of basic sciences faculty in a medical school. METHODS & RESULTS: This study utilized data from the pre and post evaluation of classroom lectures by an expert observer. Course participants were observed before the inception of a 4-month FDP and after 6-months of program completion. Findings at 6-month post-FDP interval were supplemented with students' and participant's self-evaluation. Expert evaluation of 15 participants showed that more participants were summarizing lectures at the end of their class (p = 0.021), utilizing more than one teaching tool (p = 0.008) and showing a well-structured flow of information (p = 0.013). Among the students, majority (95.5%, n = 728) agreed on "teachers were well-prepared for the lecture", however, a low number (66.1%, n = 504) agreed on "teachers were able to make the lecture interesting". On self-evaluation (n = 12), majority of the participants (91.7%, n = 11) thought these FDP workshops had a positive impact on their role as a teacher. CONCLUSIONS: Gathering feedback from multiple sources can provide a more holistic insight into the impact of an FDP and can provide a robust framework for setting up future FDP targets.

Cost of Serving Others: A Moderated Mediation Model of OCB, Ego Depletion, and Service Sabotage.

Taking support from ego-depletion theory, this study examines ego depletion as a mechanism that explains how employees' organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) leads to antagonistic consequences, i.e., service sabotage. Employees' positive psychological capital (PsyCap) is considered a moderator. PROCESS macro was used to test all the hypotheses using time-lagged, dyadic data collected from 420 employees and their 112 their supervisors associated with the service industry in China. This study finds that employees' exhibition of OCB is positively linked to ego depletion, which in turn drives service sabotage behavior. Furthermore, employees' PsyCap weakens the effect of OCB on employees' ego depletion. This study highlights the dark side of OCB, the mechanism through which it causes adverse effects, and the moderating effect of PsyCap. It also provides insights to the organizations for managing service sector employees to effectively interact with customers.