Assessment of the Blood Parameters, Cardiac and Liver Enzymes in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Following Treated with Injectable Doxorubicin-Loaded Nano-Particles.

Purpose: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common and most malignant disorder of the oral cavity. Standard cancer treatments have many complications for patients. Nausea, vomiting, and perturbation in blood cells are the most common side effects when using Doxorubicin (Dox) for the treatment of OSCC. Use of Doxorubicin-loaded nano-particles (n-Dox) give rise to increase its biological efficacy and the rapeutic effects. This study assessed the efficacy of the injectable form of the n-Doxon blood parameters and cardiac and liver enzymes compared to the commercial form of Dox in OSCC-induced by 4NQO in rats. Methods: 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxideas was used as a solution in drinking water for inducing OSCC during 14 weeks in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Four groups of animals were categorized randomly: first (OSCC+Dox), second (OSCC+n-Dox), third (OSCC) and, last, healthy animals. Results: Using n-Dox had no harmful effect on the number of white and red blood cells. Thrombocytopenia and leukopenia in animals treated with n-Dox was less than the other groups. Hemoglobin and hematocrit in all treated groups did not differ and were similar to the healthy control. Hepatic and cardiac enzymes did not show any significant difference in any of the groups. Conclusion: The results of this research showed that significant decreases in haematological changes occurred, including leukopenia and anemia, in an animal model of OSCC induced by 4-NQO following use of n-Dox with compare to Dox. Use of n-Dox is better than of Dox for treatment of OSCC.

A comparative study of various methods for detection of IL28B rs12979860 in chronic hepatitis C.

Interleukin-28B (IL28B) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) constitute important host-related factors influencing the response rate to Hepatitis C virus (HCV) standard antiviral therapy. In the last few years, several new technologies for SNP detection have been developed. However, the sensitivity and specificity of various methods are different and needs evaluation. Five different methods (resolution melting curve [RMC], polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism [PCR-RFLP], PCR-sequencing analysis, amplification refractory mutation system [ARMS], and zip nucleic acid probe-based real-time PCR [ZNA]) were developed for genotyping rs12979860 associated with IL28B. In this study, limit of detection (LD), costs and turnaround time of these methods were compared in 350 subjects. As for IL28B rs12979860 polymorphisms, 348/350 (99.4%) samples were consistent among the five methods, while results for 2/350 (0.57%) samples were concordant by ZNAs and PCR-sequencing, and discordant by other methods. Without considering the cost of DNA extraction, the price of each reaction for ARMS-PCR, RMC, PCR-RFLP, ZNA and PCR-sequencing were respectively: US$3.10, US$5.0, US$5.50, US$8.50 and US$17.0. RMC was the fastest method, while the ZNA method was easy to use, reliable and effective. Lower LD was determined to be 50-60 copies/µL for the PCR-RFLP, RMC and ARMS-PCR assays; whilst ZNA assay was able to detect 2-3 copies/µL. In conclusion, in the current study, all four methods are suitable for IL28B rs12979860 genotyping, but the ZNA assay can be a reliable tool. Due to its lower LD for SNP identification, this method is better than others for detecting this type of polymorphism.