Ineffective health management: A systematic review and meta-analysis of related factors.

PURPOSE: A standardized language system can support the elaboration of clinical guidelines by matching information from similar patterns of response to people. To identify the factors that are related to a higher likelihood of an ineffective health management nursing diagnosis. METHODS: We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis. An electronic search was conducted in MEDLINE databases via PubMed, Web of Science, SciELO, CINAHL, SCOPUS, and Embase between October and November 2020. Descriptive data were extracted from each article. The odds ratios for each etiological factor related to ineffective health management were directly extracted from the articles or calculated from the data described in the articles. The analysis of the measurements of exposure and the magnitude of the effect was performed using the statistical software R, and a forest plot was constructed for each etiological factor. FINDINGS: Ten studies were included, and 15 related factors were recovered from the primary studies. The factors that significantly increased the likelihood of an ineffective health management nursing diagnosis were insufficient knowledge of the therapeutic regimen, perceived barriers, powerlessness, economic disadvantage, and difficulty managing complex treatment regimens. No effect was verified with the following factors: decision conflict, family pattern of healthcare, and inadequate number of cues to action. CONCLUSION: Factors related to a higher likelihood of ineffective health management may be the focus of early and targeted nursing interventions, contributing to an improved quality of care. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Understanding exposure to these factors can improve diagnostic reasoning at different population levels.

Construction and validation of a data collection tool for the clinical assessment of human responses of outpatients with chronic cardiovascular diseases.

PURPOSE: To develop and test the content validity of a nursing assessment tool for data collection (NATDC) based on NANDA-I for use in outpatients with chronic cardiovascular diseases. METHODS: Construction based on the literature, refinement with a pilot group of hypertensive outpatients and content validation by experts. FINDINGS: The NATDC questions were divided into demographic information of the patient and family, clinical data, physical examination, and interview according to NANDA-I domains. CONCLUSION: The NATDC was constructed and validated. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: This tool can be used in patients with chronic illnesses who experience a variety of human responses seeking nursing care in an outpatient setting because it is based in human responses within a structured framework for nursing assessment.

[Self-assessment of health by older Brazilians: systematic review of the literature]. / Autoavaliação da saúde por idosos brasileiros: revisão sistemática da literatura.

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review of the literature on self-assessment of health status in the elderly population. METHODS: Medline and LILACS were searched following the Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology. Original articles on self-assessment of health status conducted with older Brazilians were selected. The following were examined: general characteristics of the studies, the prevalence of negative self-assessment of health, the factors associated with this negative self-assessment, the question used to inquire about health status and response categories. RESULTS: Of 97 studies identified, 11 met the inclusion criteria. Variations between the studies regarding the formulation of the question and answer choices were identified. The prevalence of negative health self-assessment ranged from 12.6 to 51.9% between studies. The most usual dependent variables associated with negative self-assessment of health were the presence of disease, number of medications, monthly family/household income, hospitalizations, medical office visits, difficulty/inability to perform activities of daily living, presence of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and complaints of insomnia. CONCLUSIONS: The heterogeneity of factors associated with a negative self-evaluation indicates that the health of older individuals is defined by determinants that fall within a broad view of health. The standardization of questions and answers for research on self-assessment of health in older people is recommended, since this information will produce knowledge and allow monitoring and comparison of results, and will therefore be useful in guiding decision-making regarding the formulation of health policies for Brazil and Latin America.

Autoavaliação da saúde por idosos brasileiros: revisão sistemática da literatura / Self-assessment of health by older Brazilians: systematic review of the literature

OBJETIVO: Realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre autoavaliação do estado de saúde na população idosa brasileira. MÉTODOS: Foram pesquisadas as bases de dados Medline e LILACS, conforme a metodologia PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). Foram incluídos artigos originais sobre a autoavaliação do estado de saúde realizados com idosos brasileiros. Foram consideradas as características gerais dos estudos, a prevalência de autoavaliação negativa da saúde, os fatores associados a essa autoavaliação negativa, a pergunta utilizada para a consulta e as categorias de resposta. RESULTADOS: Dos 97 estudos encontrados, 11 atenderam os critérios de inclusão. Foram identificadas variações entre os estudos quanto à formulação da pergunta e às opções de resposta. A prevalência de autoavaliação negativa de saúde variou de 12,6 a 51,9% entre os estudos. As variáveis dependentes predominantemente associadas a autoavaliação negativa de saúde foram: presença de doenças, número de medicamentos em uso, renda familiar/domiciliar mensal, internações, consultas médicas, dificuldade/incapacidade para atividades de vida diária, presença de sintomas depressivos e ansiosos e queixa de insônia. CONCLUSÕES: A heterogeneidade de fatores associados à autoavaliação negativa indica que a saúde dos idosos é definida por determinantes que se aproximam do conceito ampliado de saúde. É recomendável a padronização das perguntas e respostas de pesquisa sobre autoavaliação de saúde em idosos, já que essas informações possibilitarão conhecer, acompanhar e comparar resultados para orientar a tomada de decisão no tocante à formulação de políticas de saúde para a Brasil e a América Latina.

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review of the literature on self-assessment of health status in the elderly population. METHODS: Medline and LILACS were searched following the Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology. Original articles on self-assessment of health status conducted with older Brazilians were selected. The following were examined: general characteristics of the studies, the prevalence of negative self-assessment of health, the factors associated with this negative self-assessment, the question used to inquire about health status and response categories. RESULTS: Of 97 studies identified, 11 met the inclusion criteria. Variations between the studies regarding the formulation of the question and answer choices were identified. The prevalence of negative health self-assessment ranged from 12.6 to 51.9% between studies. The most usual dependent variables associated with negative self-assessment of health were the presence of disease, number of medications, monthly family/household income, hospitalizations, medical office visits, difficulty/inability to perform activities of daily living, presence of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and complaints of insomnia. CONCLUSIONS: The heterogeneity of factors associated with a negative self-evaluation indicates that the health of older individuals is defined by determinants that fall within a broad view of health. The standardization of questions and answers for research on self-assessment of health in older people is recommended, since this information will produce knowledge and allow monitoring and comparison of results, and will therefore be useful in guiding decision-making regarding the formulation of health policies for Brazil and Latin America.

[Functional capacity, socioeconomic conditions and of health of elderly assisted by Family Health teams in Goiania (GO, Brazil)]. / Capacidade funcional, condições socioeconômicas e de saúde de idosos atendidos por equipes de Saúde da Família de Goiânia (GO, Brasil).

The population ageing is a challenge for health professionals. This study seek to evaluate the functional capacity and to identify the factors associated to the dependence for the activities of daily life (ADL) and activities instrumental of daily life (AIDL), and also to describe the socioeconomic, demographic and health profile of the elderly. A transverse study was carried out with seniors assisted by Family Health teams of the District East Sanitary of Goiania (GO). A questionnaire was applied to obtain socioeconomic and demographic date, factors related to the health and scales of the functional evaluation. For analyses it was used Square-Qui Test considering the level of significance of 5%. The sample was composed by 388 elderly, 57.5% with age varying from 60 to 69 years, 58.5% female, 39.7% illiterate, 77.3% with income ≤ 2 minimum wages and 70.9% bearers of chronic diseases. It was verified that 34.8% needed help in one or more ADL and 60.6% in AIDL. The factors more frequently associated at dependence in both activities were: balance and mobility debilitated, depression, cognitive deficit and age ≥ 80 years. These results denote that the elderly are living aging characterized by comorbidities and dependence to accomplish daily activities.

Capacidade funcional, condições socioeconômicas e de saúde de idosos atendidos por equipes de Saúde da Família de Goiânia (GO, Brasil) / Functional capacity, socioeconomic conditions and of health of elderly assisted by Family Health teams in Goiania (GO, Brazil)

O envelhecimento populacional é um desafio para os profissionais de saúde. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a capacidade funcional e identificar os fatores associados à dependência para as atividades de vida diária (AVD) e instrumentais de vida diária (AIVD) e descrever o perfil socioeconômico, demográfico e de saúde de idosos. Trata-se de pesquisa transversal realizada com idosos atendidos pelas equipes de Saúde da Família do Distrito Sanitário Leste de Goiânia (GO). Aplicou-se questionário para obtenção de dados socioeconômicos e demográficos, fatores relacionados à saúde e escalas de avaliação funcional. Para análise, utilizou-se o teste Qui-Quadrado, considerando o nível de significância de 5 por cento. A amostra foi composta por 388 idosos, sendo 57,5 por cento entre 60 e 69 anos, 58,5 por cento do sexo feminino, 39,7 por cento analfabetos, 77,3 por cento com renda < 2 salários mínimos; 70,9 por cento referiram doenças crônicas. Verificou-se que 34,8 por cento necessitavam de ajuda em uma ou mais AVD e 60,6 por cento nas AIVD. Os fatores mais frequentemente associados a essa dependência em ambas as atividades foram: equilíbrio e mobilidade prejudicados, depressão, déficit cognitivo e idade > 80 anos. Esses resultados denotam que os idosos estão vivenciando envelhecimento caracterizado por comorbidades e dependência para realizar as atividades diárias.

The population ageing is a challenge for health professionals. This study seek to evaluate the functional capacity and to identify the factors associated to the dependence for the activities of daily life (ADL) and activities instrumental of daily life (AIDL), and also to describe the socioeconomic, demographic and health profile of the elderly. A transverse study was carried out with seniors assisted by Family Health teams of the District East Sanitary of Goiania (GO). A questionnaire was applied to obtain socioeconomic and demographic date, factors related to the health and scales of the functional evaluation. For analyses it was used Square-Qui Test considering the level of significance of 5 percent. The sample was composed by 388 elderly, 57,5 percent with age varying from 60 to 69 years, 58,5 percent female, 39,7 percent illiterate, 77,3 percent with income < 2 minimum wages and 70,9 percent bearers of chronic diseases. It was verified that 34,8 percent needed help in one or more ADL and 60,6 percent in AIDL. The factors more frequently associated at dependence in both activities were: balance and mobility debilitated, depression, cognitive deficit and age > 80 years. These results denote that the elderly are living aging characterized by comorbidities and dependence to accomplish daily activities.

[Leprosy assessment: experience report of nursing students]. / Avaliação da Hanseníase: relato de experiência de acadêmicos de enfermagem.

Brazil is the second in the world in new cases of Leprosy. The eradication continues to be a defiant goal. It has sought describe the morphologic profile of lesion formations and analyze the procedures in the care of wounds from a group of people with sequelae of Hansen asylum in an institution non-governmental. The experience of teaching-learning was longitudinal, based on Scientific Methodology of Nursing Assistance, involving people with swellings and health repercussions of Hansen's disease, residents in an institution of Goiás State. All the residents presented disabling swellings and health repercussions associated to the Leprosy: visual impediment, swelling of the eyebrows; fall of the nasal pyramid, total reabsorption of fingers and toes, amputation of both legs, ulna grip, perforating plantar disease. Abrasive soaps and toxic antiseptic were applied directly on the lesion, causing damages to the scarring.

Avaliação da Hanseníase: relato de experiência de acadêmicos de enfermagem / Evaluación de la Lepra: relato de experiencia de estudiantes de enfermería / Leprosy assessment: experience report of nursing students

O Brasil é o segundo no mundo em novos casos de hanseníase. O controle da doença continua sendo uma meta desafiante. Buscou-se descrever o perfil morfológico de lesões cutâneas e outras seqüelas e analisar a conduta adotada no cuidado de feridas de um grupo de pessoas com seqüelas de hanseníase asiladas em uma instituição não governamental. A experiência de ensino-aprendizagem foi longitudinal, fundamentada na Metodologia Científica da Assistência de Enfermagem, envolvendo pessoas com seqüelas de Hanseníase asilados em uma instituição não governamental do estado de Goiás. O perfil morfológico das lesões foi: déficit visual, madarose, desabamento da pirâmide nasal, reabsorção de dedos e artelhos, amputação de membros, mal perfurante plantar e garra ulnar. Detectou-se prejuízo da cicatrização devido à aplicação direta e rotineira de sabões abrasivos e anti-sépticos nas lesões.

Brazil is the second in the world in new cases of Leprosy. The eradication continues to be a defiant goal. It has sought describe the morphologic profile of lesion formations and analyze the procedures in the care of wounds from a group of people with sequelae of Hansen asylum in an institution non-governmental. The experience of teaching-learning was longitudinal, based on Scientific Methodology of Nursing Assistance, involving people with swellings and health repercussions of Hansen's disease, residents in an institution of Goiás State. All the residents presented disabling swellings and health repercussions associated to the Leprosy: visual impediment, swelling of the eyebrows; fall of the nasal pyramid, total reabsorption of fingers and toes, amputation of both legs, ulna grip, perforating plantar disease. Abrasive soaps and toxic antiseptic were applied directly on the lesion, causing damages to the scarring.

Brasil es el segundo país en el mundo en nuevos casos de Enfermedad de Hansen (Lepra). La eliminación continúa siendo una meta desafiadora. Buscamos describir el perfil morfológico de lesiones cutáneas y secuelas y analizar la conducta adoptada para cuidado de las heridas de un grupo de personas con secuelas de Enfermedad de Hansen de un asilo no gubernamental. La experiencia de enseñanza-aprendizaje se longitudinal, fundamentado en la Metodología Científica de la Asistencia de Enfermería, incluyendo personas con lesiones y secuelas de lepra, internadas en una institución del Estado de Goiás. Todos los internos presentaban lesiones y secuelas de incapacidad asociadas a la lepra: déficit visual, madarosis; caída de la pirámide nasal, reabsorción total de dedos y dedos de los pies, amputación de ambas piernas, mal perforante plantar y garra ulnar. Jabones abrasivos y antisépticos tóxicos eran aplicados directamente en las lesiones, causando prejuicios a la cicatrización.

Avaliação de famílias no contexto hospitalar: uma aproximação entre o modelo Calgary e a taxonomia da NANDA / The families assessment in the hospital context: an approach between the Calgary model and NANDA's taxonomy

Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar os diagnósticos de enfermagem da North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (2006) identificados em famílias em situação de acompanhamento de pessoas hospitalizadas para tratamento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, mediante abordagem baseada no Modelo Calgary de Avaliação. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, de abordagem quanti-qualitativa, realizado na clínica médica de um hospital escola da região centro-oeste, de janeiro a junho de 2006. Foram realizadas entrevistas gravadas com 12 famílias. Os dados passaram por um processo de categorização, identificação de lacunas e divergências, agrupamento de padrões, inferência diagnóstica e determinação das relações, a partir do qual estabeleceram-se os diagnósticos. Entre as 12 categorias diagnósticas identificadas, as mais freqüentes foram: tensão devido ao papel de cuidador (100 por cento), comunicação verbal da família prejudicada (75 por cento), manutenção do lar prejudicada (66 por cento), processos familiares interrompidos (66 por cento), interação social prejudicada (25 por cento). Este perfil identifica áreas prioritárias de cuidado integral de enfermagem para famílias em situação de hospitalar.

This study aimed at assessing the nursing diagnoses of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (2006) identified within families accompanying patients in treatment for non-communicable chronic diseases, by using the Calgary Assessment Model. This descriptive, quantitative, qualitative study was carried out in a medical clinic at a university hospital in the Mid-western region of Brazil from January to June of 2006. Interviews with 12 families were recorded. The data was then subjected to categorization, identification of gaps and divergences, grouping of standards, diagnostic inference, and relationship determination, from which the diagnostic was established. Among the 12 identified diagnostic categories, the most frequent were: tension due to the caregiver role (100 percent), impaired verbal communication from the family (75 percent), impaired home maintenance management (66 percent), alterations in family processes (66 percent), and impaired social interactions (25 percent). This profile identifies whole nursing care priority areas for those families in situations of accompanying family members in the hospital.

El objetivo de esta investigación es el de analizar los diagnósticos de la enfermería de acuerdo con la North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (2006), los cuales fueron identificados en familias en situación de acompañamiento de personas hospitalizadas para el tratamiento de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, utilizando para ello el Modelo Calgary de Evaluación. Se trata de una investigación descriptiva, de carácter cuantitativo y cualitativo, realizada en la clínica médica de un hospital-escuela situado en la región centro-oeste, entre enero y junio del 2006. Para la investigación fueron realizadas entrevistas gravadas con 12 familias. Los datos recolectados pasaron por un proceso de categorización, en los que se identificaron vacíos y divergencias, agrupamiento de patrones estándares, inferencia diagnóstica y determinación de las relaciones, a partir de las cuales el diagnóstico fue establecido. Entre las 12 categorías diagnósticas identificadas, las más frecuentes fueron: tensión debido al papel de cuidador (100 por ciento), comunicación verbal de la familia perjudicada (75 por ciento), sustento del hogar perjudicado (66 por ciento), relacionamientos familiares interrumpidos (66 por ciento), interacción social perjudicada (25 por ciento). En ese perfil se identifican áreas con prioridad de cuidado integral del sector de enfermería, para las familias en situación de acompañamiento de personas hospitalizadas.

Avaliação de uma proposta de abordagem psicoprofilática durante o processo de parturição / Assessment of a proposal of psycho-prophylactic approach during the parturition process

Embora seja oferecida assistência pré-natal em todos os postos de saúde e maternidades públicas de Goiânia-Goiás, muitas parturientes chegam despreparadas para o parto. Objetivou-se avaliar uma proposta de abordagem psicoprofilática (técnicas de respiração e de relaxamento) durante a parturição em primigestas. Aplicou-se o método descritivo através da observação participante do desempenho de clientes em maternidade pública de Goiânia, em 2000/2001. A coleta de dados constou de entrevistas com 19 parturientes que foram estimuladas a realizar as referidas técnicas, sob orientação e acompanhamento dos pesquisadores. Verificou-se que a abordagem psicoprofilática proposta promoveu sensações de aumento de tolerância à dor, encorajamento e vigor para vivenciar a parturição. Os significados atribuídos pelas puérperas à assistência recebida refletem aspectos positivos da utilização das técnicas. concluiu-se que as mesmas são aplicáveis na parturição, proporcionando bem-estar físico e psicoemocional.

A utilizaçäo da Taxonomia I da NANDA na atribuiçäo de diagnósticos de enfermagem a uma comunidade de trabalhadores / The application of Nursing Diagnoses in a group of workers

A maior das investigaçöes brasileiras que abordam "Diagnóticos de Enfermagem (D.E.)" reportam-se a indivíduos que se encontram a nível de assistência terciária. No presente estudo, aborda-se a sua aplicaçäo a um grupo de trabalhadores com o objetivo de investigar as categorias diagnósticas incidentes neste grupo. Como metodologia para obtençäo de dados, utilizou-se de entrevista semi-estruturada, alicerçada nos pressupostos do modelo teórico de HORTA. Da populaçäo composta por 53 coletores de lixo, foram sujeitos 36 trabalhadores. Os dados evidenciaram emergência dos D.E. propostos pela NANDA: alteraçäo da nutriaçäo: menos que o corpo necessita; potencial para ferimentos; deficit de auto-cuidado: banho e ou higiene; alteraçäo da manutençäo de saúde; baixa auto-estima: situacional; foram observados em menor frequência os diagnósticos de comportamento para elevar nível de saúde, administraçäo de manutençäo do lar prejudicada e potencial para deficit do volume de líquido. Frente ao quadro exposto, apontam-se estratégias específicas de intervençäo.