RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Réunion Island is a French overseas territory located in the southern Indian Ocean, with a challenging socioeconomic and multicultural context. Compared to mainland France, Réunion has an overincidence and overmortality of cervical cancer. In order to investigate these two issues, it is important to evaluate the barriers and potential levers to Pap smear screening among female inhabitants of the island. We aimed to identify the specific socio-demographic factors, cultural factors, and living conditions associated with Pap smear screening in Réunion, with a view to increasing uptake. METHODS: We conducted a Knowledge Attitude Behavior and Practices (KABP) survey on cervical cancer screening practices among women aged between 25 and 65 years old living in Réunion Island, selected using random digit dialing sampling. Data were collected using Computer Assistant Telephone Interviews. Weighted chi-squared tests and Student's t-tests were used to compare women who had up-to-date Pap smear screening with women who did not. Weighted logistic models were used to identify the factors associated with not having up-to-date screening. RESULTS: A total of 1000 women were included in the study. Of these, 88.1% had a Pap smear test during the previous three years. Factors independently associated with not being up to date were as follows: aged over 55 (AOR 2.3 [1.2-4.3]), no children (AOR 2.5 [1.4-4.3]), having free universal health coverage (AOR 1.7 [1.1-2.7]), an income per unit consumption lower than 1500 per month (AOR 2.0 [1.1-3.7]), low health literacy (AOR 2.7 [1.7-4.1]), not consulting a general practitioner in the prior 12 months (AOR 3.6 [2.0-6.5]), and a BMI > 30 (AOR 2.6 [1.5-4.4]). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first large-scale survey focusing on recommended Pap smear screening uptake in Réunion Island. Although self-reported screening incidence was higher than in mainland France, national screening policies must take into account the island's diverse social and cultural characteristics (e.g., an ageing population, low health literacy), while implementing actions to fight against poverty and increase general access to healthcare.
Assuntos
Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Teste de Papanicolaou , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Humanos , Feminino , Teste de Papanicolaou/estatística & dados numéricos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Reunião , Idoso , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Detecção Precoce de Câncer/estatística & dados numéricos , França , Esfregaço Vaginal/estatística & dados numéricos , Características CulturaisRESUMO
Objective: We aimed to assess the long-term association of therapeutic strategies with urinary, sexual function and health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) for 5-year prostate cancer (PC) survivors. Materials & methods: The VICAN survey consisted of self-reported data prospectively collected, including living conditions, treatment side effects and quality of life (QoL) of cancer survivors. Results: Among the 434 PC survivors, 52.8% reported urinary incontinence (UI) and 55.8% reported erectile dysfunction (ED). Patients treated with radical prostatectomy with salvage radiotherapy reported significantly more UI (p = 0.014) and more ED (p = 0.012) compared with other strategies. UI was significantly associated with physical and mental health-related QoL (p = 0.045 and p = 0.049, respectively). Conclusion: Self-assessed functional outcomes 5 years after PC diagnosis remain poor and could have an impact on health-related QoL.
Patients treated for prostate cancer may have long-term consequences due to the treatment they receive in particular urinary incontinence (UI) and erectile dysfunction (ED). We analyzed self-reported data from 434 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer 5 years earlier, focusing especially on treatment side effects and the impact on patient quality of life. Of these patients, 52.8% reported UI and 55.8% reported ED. Patients treated with surgery plus radiotherapy reported significantly more UI and more ED compared with other treatment strategies. We have also shown that UI has an impact on physical and mental quality of life of these patients. In conclusion, functional recovery 5 years after prostate cancer diagnosis remains poor and requires implementation of new, long-term management strategies for cancer survivors.
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Disfunção Erétil , Neoplasias da Próstata , Incontinência Urinária , Disfunção Erétil/etiologia , Disfunção Erétil/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Prostatectomia/efeitos adversos , Prostatectomia/métodos , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Próstata/cirurgia , Qualidade de Vida , Autorrelato , Incontinência Urinária/diagnóstico , Incontinência Urinária/epidemiologia , Incontinência Urinária/etiologiaRESUMO
Worldwide, around 18 million people receive a cancer diagnosis each year, most of whom survive long enough to face additional cancer-related costs. In France, most costs directly related to cancer are covered by the National Health Insurance Fund, and cancer patients can receive treatments without paying advance fees. In this context, the costs faced by cancer survivors are mostly social costs. Drawing on fundamental cause theory, this study aimed to explore the socially-differentiated evolution of cancer survivor's income five years after diagnosis. Our study draws on the findings of VICAN5, a French national survey that was conducted in 2015/2016 in a representative sample of 4,174 cancer survivors to obtain information on living conditions five years after diagnosis, and that was restricted to 12 tumour sites accounting for 88% of global cancer incidence in France. We used the multiple imputation method and the Heckman selection model to identify the factors associated with a decrease in household income per consumption unit (HICU), while accounting for missing data. Among survivors still working five years after diagnosis, 17.6% reported lower income at survey than at diagnosis. After adjustment for socio-demographic and medical characteristics, the decrease in HICU was more frequent in women, singles, low educated survivors, and survivors with reduced working time. Finally, subjective measures of income variation and economic well-being were a useful complement to objective measures since 31.6% of cancer survivors still working five years after diagnosis reported a perceived decrease in household income. In conclusion, inequalities in economic well-being persist long after diagnosis in France, and this despite the fact that most cancer-related costs are covered by the French National Health Insurance Fund. Consequently, more attention should be paid to cancer patients with low socio-economic status to help reduce inequalities in post-diagnosis living conditions.
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Sobreviventes de Câncer/estatística & dados numéricos , Renda/estatística & dados numéricos , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto , Características da Família , Feminino , França/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Today, a growing need exists for greater research into cancer survivorship, focusing on different spheres of the day-to-day life of diagnosed patients. This article describes the design and implementation of VICAN (VIe après le CANcer), a national survey on French cancer survivors. METHOD AND ANALYSIS: The target population included patients aged 18-82, diagnosed with cancer between January and June 2010, and registered in one of the three main French Health Insurance Schemes. It was restricted to 12 tumour sites. Sampling was stratified using a non-proportional allocation, based on age at diagnosis (18-52 and 53-82) and tumour site. Data were collected from telephone interviews with patients 2 and 5â years after diagnosis, a medical survey completed by the physician who initiated cancer treatment, and information from the national medicoadministrative database on reimbursement data and hospital discharge records. First data collection, 2â years after diagnosis, occurred between March and December 2012. Second data collection, 5â years after diagnosis, will be conducted in 2015. Analyses will be conducted on various outcomes: quality of life, health status and psychosocial conditions, with a particular focus on the impact of cancer diagnosis on the labour market. The variety of measurements included in the survey will enable us to control a wide range of factors. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The methodology of the VICAN survey was approved by three national ethics commissions. Results of the study will be disseminated through national and international research conferences, and in articles published in international peer-reviewed journals.
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Emprego , Nível de Saúde , Saúde , Neoplasias , Qualidade de Vida , Sobreviventes , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Bases de Dados Factuais , Feminino , França , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Seguro Saúde , Entrevistas como Assunto , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/complicações , Neoplasias/psicologia , Alta do Paciente , Médicos , Projetos de Pesquisa , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE: To assess the impact of BRCA1/2 test results on carriers' reproductive decision-making and the factors determining their theoretical intentions about preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) and prenatal diagnosis (PND). METHODS: Unaffected BRCA1/2 mutation carriers of childbearing age (N = 605; 449 women; 151 men) were included at least 1 year after the disclosure of their test results in a cross-sectional survey nested in a national cohort. Multivariate adjustment was performed on the data obtained in self-administered questionnaires. RESULTS: Response rate was 81.0%. Overall, 32.5% and 50% said that they would undergo PGD/PND, respectively, at a theoretical next pregnancy, whereas only 12.1% found termination of pregnancy (TOP) acceptable. Theoretical intentions toward PGD did not depend on gender/age, but were higher among those with no future childbearing plans (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.5 (1.9-6.4)) and those having fewer relatives with cancer (AOR 1.5 95% CI (1.0-2.3)). Greater TOP acceptability was observed among males and those with lower educational levels; 85.4% of respondents agreed that information about PGD/PND should be systematically delivered with the test results. CONCLUSIONS: The closer to reproductive decision-making BRCA1/2 carriers are, i.e., when they are more likely to be making future reproductive plans, the less frequently they intend to have PGD. Carriers' theoretical intentions toward PND are discussed further.