Green Logistics and Health in OBRI Economies: Does Social Marketing Matter?

In this study, our primary focus is to capture the impact of green logistics and social marketing on health outcomes in One Belt Road Initiative (OBRI) countries over the time period 2007-2019. Two estimation techniques, i.e., 2SLS and GMM, are employed to get the estimates of our variables. Findings of the 2SLS model confirmed the negative impact of green logistics on infant mortality in OBRI, European, MENA, and Asian countries. On the other side, the relationship between green logistics and life expectancy is positive in all the regions in 2SLS models. The other estimation technique also supports these findings, GMM, which confirmed the negative impact of green logistics on infant mortality and the positive impact of green logistics on life expectancy OBRI, European, MENA, and Asian economies. From these findings, we can conclude that green logistics helps to improve the health status of OBRI economies. Similarly, social marketing also improves the health status in OBRI and other regions in both models. Therefore, the governments and policymakers in respective economies should focus on the development of green infrastructure and logistics that, on one side, promote economic growth. However, on the other side, it helps improve environmental quality, which ultimately improves the OBRI economies' health status.

How China is fostering sustainable growth: the interplay of green investment and production-based emission.

To mitigate environmental problems and to achieve sustainability, China is striving to transition to low-carbon urban economies. Among several significant steps, the country has made remarkable success in controlling the emissions from transportation, buildings, and energy by shutting down or relocating several polluting industries. This study contributes to the issue of sustainable growth debate using time series data from China for the period 1998-2017 and empirically examines the effects of green investment and renewable energy consumption on production-based carbon emissions for China. The strength of this study is that it tested some new variables such as production-based carbon emissions and green investment. Using autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) cointegration technique, we found that production-based emission and its determinants move together in the long run. The study found that green investment and renewable energy consumption are both helpful in controlling production-based carbon emissions, while trade openness increases production-based carbon emissions. Hence, green investment and renewable energy consumption contribute to the achievement of sustainable growth. Moreover, based on a robustness check, human capital, financial development, and environment-specific technological innovation are found to be helpful in curbing production-based carbon emissions. Our study recommends financial technology (fin-tech), green investment, and public-private partnership investment in renewable energy to mitigate the effect of production-based carbon emissions.

Are eco-innovation and export diversification mutually exclusive to control carbon emissions in G-7 countries?

Most of the member countries of COP21 have been struggling to devise relevant policies in order to control carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions since the Paris agreement in 2015. In our view, without analyzing the role of two extremely important variables i.e., ecological innovation and export diversification, in the whole chain of carbon emissions, expecting significant results from such policies would be far fetched. This study, therefore, is aimed to explore the effect of export diversification (ED) and ecological innovation (EI) on carbon emissions for G-7 countries from 1990 to 2017, along with renewable energy consumption (REC) as an important control variable. The results show that export diversification (ED) increases carbon emissions; however, ecological innovation (EI) helps reduce carbon emissions, and similarly, renewable energy consumption (REC) also controls carbon emissions. More important, however, is the realization that the negative impact of export diversification on the CO2 emissions gets weakened as the degree of environmental innovation increases. Based on our findings, the promotion of renewable energy, along with the adoption of environmentally friendly technology, is strongly recommended for G-7 countries. Our results also highlight that Government policies regarding export diversification (ED), ecological innovation (EI), and renewable energy consumption (REC) approximately take more than a year to be able to deliver the results effectively.