Assuntos
Dor Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Analgésicos Opioides/uso terapêutico , Anemia Falciforme/complicações , Dor Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome Torácica Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome Torácica Aguda/etiologia , Dor Aguda/economia , Dor Aguda/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Anemia Falciforme/economia , Anemia Falciforme/epidemiologia , Dor Crônica/economia , Dor Crônica/etiologia , Uso de Medicamentos , Humanos , Seguro , Medicaid , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Opioides/economia , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Opioides/epidemiologia , Admissão do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Analgesia Controlada pelo Paciente/métodos , Analgésicos Opioides/administração & dosagem , Anemia Falciforme/complicações , Arteriopatias Oclusivas/etiologia , Manejo da Dor/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Analgésicos Opioides/uso terapêutico , Anemia Falciforme/fisiopatologia , Arteriopatias Oclusivas/fisiopatologia , Criança , Feminino , Hospitalização , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Medição da Dor , Padrão de Cuidado , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Communicating risk is an important activity in medical decision-making; yet, numeracy is not a universal skill among the American public. We examined the hypothesis that numerical risk information about the use of hydroxyurea for children with sickle cell disease would elicit different risk assessment responses when visual depictions were used instead of abstract numbers and depending on the disease severity. Parents of 81 children with sickle cell disease participated in a survey in which hydroxyurea was first described as carrying a certain chance of risk for both birth defects and cancer. Then, the parents indicated the highest risk at which they would hypothetically consent to the treatment to help their child. Risk presentations were repeated with abstract numerical, pie graph, and 1000 people histogram formats. The χ analyses comparing high-risk to low-risk assessment across presentation formats showed high consistency between visual depictions but low consistency of abstract numerical with visual depictions. The parents of children with SC and other less severe types of SCD were less willing to accept higher risk than those with SS when the data were presented numerically. Given earlier concerns about poor "numeracy" in the US population, visual depictions of risk could be an effective tool for routine communication in health education and medical decision-making.