RESUMO
This document is the second of 2 companion appropriate use criteria (AUC) documents developed by the American College of Cardiology, American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American Heart Association, American Society of Echocardiography, American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, Heart Rhythm Society, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, and Society of Thoracic Surgeons. The first document1 addresses the evaluation and use of multimodality imaging in the diagnosis and management of valvular heart disease, whereas this document addresses this topic with regard to structural (nonvalvular) heart disease. While dealing with different subjects, the 2 documents do share a common structure and feature some clinical overlap. The goal of the companion AUC documents is to provide a comprehensive resource for multimodality imaging in the context of structural and valvular heart disease, encompassing multiple imaging modalities. Using standardized methodology, the clinical scenarios (indications) were developed by a diverse writing group to represent patient presentations encountered in everyday practice and included common applications and anticipated uses. Where appropriate, the scenarios were developed on the basis of the most current American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Clinical Practice Guidelines. A separate, independent rating panel scored the 102 clinical scenarios in this document on a scale of 1 to 9. Scores of 7 to 9 indicate that a modality is considered appropriate for the clinical scenario presented. Midrange scores of 4 to 6 indicate that a modality may be appropriate for the clinical scenario, and scores of 1 to 3 indicate that a modality is considered rarely appropriate for the clinical scenario. The primary objective of the AUC is to provide a framework for the assessment of these scenarios by practices that will improve and standardize physician decision making. AUC publications reflect an ongoing effort by the American College of Cardiology to critically and systematically create, review, and categorize clinical situations in which diagnostic tests and procedures are utilized by physicians caring for patients with cardiovascular diseases. The process is based on the current understanding of the technical capabilities of the imaging modalities examined.
Assuntos
Cardiologia/normas , Cardiopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Imagem Multimodal/normas , Comitês Consultivos , Humanos , Sociedades Médicas , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Since the publication of the 2009 SCAI Expert Consensus Document on Length of Stay Following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), advances in vascular access techniques, stent technology, and antiplatelet pharmacology have facilitated changes in discharge patterns following PCI. Additional clinical studies have demonstrated the safety of early and same day discharge in selected patients with uncomplicated PCI, while reimbursement policies have discouraged unnecessary hospitalization. This consensus update: (1) clarifies clinical and reimbursement definitions of discharge strategies, (2) reviews the technological advances and literature supporting reduced hospitalization duration and risk assessment, and (3) describes changes to the consensus recommendations on length of stay following PCI (Supporting Information Table S1). These recommendations are intended to support reasonable clinical decision making regarding postprocedure length of stay for a broad spectrum of patients undergoing PCI, rather than prescribing a specific period of observation for individual patients.
Assuntos
Cardiologia/normas , Tempo de Internação , Alta do Paciente/normas , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/normas , Tomada de Decisão Clínica , Consenso , Planos de Pagamento por Serviço Prestado , Custos Hospitalares , Humanos , Tempo de Internação/economia , Alta do Paciente/economia , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/efeitos adversos , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/economia , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoAssuntos
Comitês Consultivos/normas , American Heart Association , Cardiologia/normas , Competência Clínica/normas , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/normas , Médicos/normas , Cardiologia/métodos , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/diagnóstico , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/terapia , Fundações/normas , Humanos , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/métodos , Relatório de Pesquisa/normas , Estados UnidosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Studies conducted decades ago described substantial disagreement and errors in physicians' angiographic interpretation of coronary stenosis severity. Despite the potential implications of such findings, no large-scale efforts to measure or improve clinical interpretation were subsequently undertaken. METHODS AND RESULTS: We compared clinical interpretation of stenosis severity in coronary lesions with an independent assessment using quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) in 175 randomly selected patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention at 7 US hospitals in 2011. To assess agreement, we calculated mean difference in percent diameter stenosis between clinical interpretation and QCA and a Cohen weighted κ statistic. Of 216 treated lesions, median percent diameter stenosis was 80.0% (quartiles 1 and 3, 80.0% and 90.0%), with 213 (98.6%) assessed as ≥70%. Mean difference in percent diameter stenosis between clinical interpretation and QCA was 8.2±8.4%, reflecting an average higher percent diameter stenosis by clinical interpretation (P<0.001). A weighted κ of 0.27 (95% confidence interval, 0.18-0.36) was found between the 2 measurements. Of 213 lesions considered ≥70% by clinical interpretation, 56 (26.3%) were <70% by QCA, although none were <50%. Differences between the 2 measurements were largest for intermediate lesions by QCA (50% to <70%), with variation existing across sites. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians tended to assess coronary lesions treated with percutaneous coronary intervention as more severe than measurements by QCA. Almost all treated lesions were ≥70% by clinical interpretation, whereas approximately one quarter were <70% by QCA. These findings suggest opportunities to improve clinical interpretation of coronary angiography.
Assuntos
Angiografia Coronária/normas , Estenose Coronária/diagnóstico por imagem , Estenose Coronária/cirurgia , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/normas , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeAssuntos
Comitês Consultivos/normas , American Heart Association , Rotulagem de Medicamentos/normas , Sociedades Médicas/normas , Ticlopidina/análogos & derivados , United States Food and Drug Administration , Hidrocarboneto de Aril Hidroxilases/genética , Hidrocarboneto de Aril Hidroxilases/metabolismo , Cardiologia/normas , Clopidogrel , Angiografia Coronária/normas , Citocromo P-450 CYP2C19 , Rotulagem de Medicamentos/métodos , Fundações/normas , Humanos , Cirurgia Torácica/normas , Ticlopidina/efeitos adversos , Ticlopidina/metabolismo , Estados Unidos , United States Food and Drug Administration/normasRESUMO
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the most common method of coronary revascularization. Over time, as operator skills and technical advances have improved procedural outcomes, the length of stay (LOS) has decreased. However, standardization in the definition of LOS following PCI has been challenging due to significant physician, procedural, and patient variables. Given the increased focus on both patient safety as well as the cost of medical care, system process issues are a concern and provide a driving force for standardization while simultaneously maintaining the quality of patient care. This document: (1) provides a summary of the existing published data on same-day patient discharge following PCI, (2) reviews studies that developed methods to predict risk following PCI, and (3) provides clarification of the terms used to define care settings following PCI. In addition, a decision matrix is proposed for the care of patients following PCI. It is intended to provide both the interventional cardiologist as well as the facilities, in which they are associated, a guide to allow for the appropriate LOS for the appropriate patient who could be considered for early discharge or outpatient intervention.
Assuntos
Assistência Ambulatorial/normas , Angioplastia Coronária com Balão/normas , Tempo de Internação , Alta do Paciente/normas , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde/normas , Assistência Ambulatorial/economia , Angioplastia Coronária com Balão/efeitos adversos , Angioplastia Coronária com Balão/economia , Competência Clínica , Protocolos Clínicos , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde , Instalações de Saúde/normas , Humanos , Reembolso de Seguro de Saúde , Tempo de Internação/economia , Observação , Alta do Paciente/economia , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde/economia , Medição de Risco , Terminologia como Assunto , Resultado do TratamentoAssuntos
Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Ambulatórios , Angioplastia Coronária com Balão/métodos , Anticorpos Monoclonais/administração & dosagem , Fragmentos Fab das Imunoglobulinas/administração & dosagem , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária/administração & dosagem , Complexo Glicoproteico GPIIb-IIIa de Plaquetas/antagonistas & inibidores , Stents , Abciximab , Análise Custo-Benefício , Humanos , Artéria Radial , SegurançaRESUMO
Coronary intervention may be combined with diagnostic cardiac catheterization or performed separately. In the early years of angioplasty, performing these procedures separately was standard practice. Gradually, ad hoc intervention (performing diagnostic angiography and coronary intervention within the same session) has become more common, largely because of its convenience for patients and efficiency for physicians. However, the safety and potential cost savings of this approach remain uncertain. Criteria for the appropriate use of ad hoc intervention have not been established. Ad hoc intervention is reasonable for many, but not appropriate for all patients and should not be considered standard therapy. This document updates an earlier review of this topic and provides suggestions for the use of ad hoc intervention as a routine strategy.
Assuntos
Angioplastia Coronária com Balão , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Cardiologia , Doença das Coronárias/terapia , Sociedades Médicas , Angioplastia Coronária com Balão/economia , Cateterismo Cardíaco/economia , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Angiografia Coronária/economia , Doença das Coronárias/diagnóstico por imagem , Doença das Coronárias/economia , Análise Custo-Benefício , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde , Humanos , Seleção de Pacientes , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Medição de RiscoRESUMO
Manual hemostasis facilitated by a SyvekPatch with 1 hour of bedrest after coronary angiography using 6Fr catheters was evaluated in a study of 200 patients. There were no major adverse events and 2% minor adverse events, all of which were managed successfully with additional bedrest of 1 to 2 hours. The findings suggest that the 1-hour bedrest protocol using the SyvekPatch is safe and effective in low-risk patients.
Assuntos
Acetilglucosamina/administração & dosagem , Repouso em Cama , Cateterismo Cardíaco/instrumentação , Hemostasia Cirúrgica/instrumentação , Acetilglucosamina/economia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Cateterismo Cardíaco/métodos , Cateterismo Periférico/instrumentação , Cateterismo Periférico/métodos , Cateteres de Demora/efeitos adversos , Estudos de Coortes , Angiografia Coronária/instrumentação , Angiografia Coronária/métodos , Análise Custo-Benefício , Desenho de Equipamento , Feminino , Artéria Femoral/cirurgia , Hemostasia Cirúrgica/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Enoxaparin is being used more frequently in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In this study, we determined the effect of intravenous enoxaparin on activated clotting time (ACT) measurements in the setting of PCI. In 67 consecutive patients, either 1 mg/kg intravenous enoxaparin alone was given for anticoagulation or 0.75 mg/kg given in patients receiving eptifibatide. ACT was measured before and 5 min following enoxaparin administration. After 1 mg/kg enoxaparin (n = 22), mean ACT increased from 122 +/- 22 to 199 +/- 20 sec. After 0.75 mg/kg enoxaparin and eptifibatide (n = 45), mean ACT increased from 125 +/- 22 to 194 +/- 24 sec. The mean increase in ACT was 77 +/- 26 sec in the 1 mg/kg group and 69 +/- 23 sec in the 0.75 mg/kg group (both P values < 0.0001). Moreover, in a subgroup of 26 patients, there was an excellent correlation (r = 0.86) between ACTs and the ENOX test, a new point-of-care test for assessing enoxaparin anticoagulation. None of the patients had transient abrupt closure, thrombus formation, major bleeding, or required urgent revascularization. Intravenous enoxaparin at clinically relevant doses with and without eptifibatide increases ACT levels at 5 min in patients undergoing PCI. These data suggest the ACT may be useful in the assessment of anticoagulation by enoxaparin.