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1.
J Obstet Gynaecol Can ; 41(2): 233-247, 2019 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30638557

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this guideline is to provide a framework that clinicians can use to determine which women are at greatest risk of having cervical insufficiency and in which set of circumstances a cerclage is of potential value. EVIDENCE: Published literature was retrieved through searches of PubMed or Medline, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library in 2018 using appropriate controlled vocabulary (e.g., uterine cervical incompetence) and key words (e.g., cervical insufficiency, cerclage, Shirodkar, cerclage, McDonald, cerclage, abdominal, cervical length, mid-trimester pregnancy loss). Results were restricted to systematic reviews, randomized control trials/controlled clinical trials, and observational studies. There were no date or language restrictions. Searches were updated on a regular basis and incorporated in the guideline to June 2018. Grey (unpublished) literature was identified through searching the websites of health technology assessment and health technology-related agencies, clinical practice guideline collections, clinical trial registries, and national and international medical specialty societies. VALUES: The quality of evidence in this document was rated using the criteria described in the Report of the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care.


Assuntos
Cerclagem Cervical , Incompetência do Colo do Útero/cirurgia , Tratamento Conservador , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Incompetência do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico
2.
J Obstet Gynaecol Can ; 35(12): 1115-1127, 2013 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24405880

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this guideline is to provide a framework that clinicians can use to determine which women are at greatest risk of having cervical insufficiency and in which set of circumstances a cerclage is of potential value. EVIDENCE: Published literature was retrieved through searches of PubMed or MEDLINE, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library in 2012 using appropriate controlled vocabulary (e.g., uterine cervical incompetence) and key words (e.g., cervical insufficiency, cerclage, Shirodkar, cerclage, MacDonald, cerclage, abdominal, cervical length, mid-trimester pregnancy loss). Results were restricted to systematic reviews, randomized control trials/controlled clinical trials, and observational studies. There were no date or language restrictions. Searches were updated on a regular basis and incorporated in the guideline to January 2011. Grey (unpublished) literature was identified through searching the websites of health technology assessment and health technology-related agencies, clinical practice guideline collections, clinical trial registries, and national and international medical specialty societies. VALUES: The quality of evidence in this document was rated using the criteria described in the Report of the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (Table). Recommendations 1. Women who are pregnant or planning pregnancy should be evaluated for risk factors for cervical insufficiency. A thorough medical history at initial evaluation may alert clinicians to risk factors in a first or index pregnancy. (III-B) 2. Detailed evaluation of risk factors should be undertaken in women following a mid-trimester pregnancy loss or early premature delivery, or in cases where such complications have occurred in a preceding pregnancy. (III-B) 3. In women with a history of cervical insufficiency, urinalysis for culture and sensitivity and vaginal cultures for bacterial vaginosis should be taken at the first obstetric visit and any infections so found should be treated. (I-A) 4. Women with a history of three or more second-trimester pregnancy losses or extreme premature deliveries, in whom no specific cause other than potential cervical insufficiency is identified, should be offered elective cerclage at 12 to 14 weeks of gestation. (I-A) 5. In women with a classic history of cervical insufficiency in whom prior vaginal cervical cerclage has been unsuccessful, abdominal cerclage can be considered in the absence of additional mitigating factors. (II-3C) 6. Women who have undergone trachelectomy should have abdominal cerclage placement. (II-3C) 7. Emergency cerclage may be considered in women in whom the cervix has dilated to < 4 cm without contractions before 24 weeks of gestation. (II-3C) 8. Women in whom cerclage is not considered or justified, but whose history suggests a risk for cervical insufficiency (1 or 2 prior mid-trimester losses or extreme premature deliveries), should be offered serial cervical length assessment by ultrasound. (II-2B) 9. Cerclage should be considered in singleton pregnancies in women with a history of spontaneous preterm birth or possible cervical insufficiency if the cervical length is ≤ 25 mm before 24 weeks of gestation. (I-A) 10. There is no benefit to cerclage in a woman with an incidental finding of a short cervix by ultrasound examination but no prior risk factors for preterm birth. (II-1D) 11. Present data do not support the use of elective cerclage in multiple gestations even when there is a history of preterm birth; therefore, this should be avoided. (I-D) 12. The literature does not support the insertion of cerclage in multiple gestations on the basis of cervical length. (II-1D).


Objectif : La présente directive clinique a pour but de fournir un cadre de référence que les cliniciens pourront utiliser pour identifier les femmes qui sont exposées aux plus grands risques de connaître une insuffisance cervicale, ainsi que pour déterminer les circonstances en présence desquelles la mise en place d'un cerclage pourrait s'avérer souhaitable. Résultats : La littérature publiée a été récupérée par l'intermédiaire de recherches menées dans PubMed ou MEDLINE, CINAHL et The Cochrane Library en 2012 au moyen d'un vocabulaire contrôlé (p. ex. « uterine cervical incompetence ¼) et de mots clés appropriés (p. ex. « cervical insufficiency ¼, « cerclage ¼, « Shirodkar ¼, « cerclage ¼, « MacDonald ¼, « cerclage ¼, « abdominal ¼, « cervical length ¼, « mid-trimester pregnancy loss ¼). Les résultats ont été restreints aux analyses systématiques, aux essais comparatifs randomisés / essais cliniques comparatifs et aux études observationnelles. Aucune restriction n'a été appliquée en matière de date ou de langue. Les recherches ont été mises à jour de façon régulière et intégrées à la directive clinique jusqu'en janvier 2011. La littérature grise (non publiée) a été identifiée par l'intermédiaire de recherches menées dans les sites Web d'organismes s'intéressant à l'évaluation des technologies dans le domaine de la santé et d'organismes connexes, dans des collections de directives cliniques, dans des registres d'essais cliniques et auprès de sociétés de spécialité médicale nationales et internationales. Valeurs : La qualité des résultats est évaluée au moyen des critères décrits dans le rapport du Groupe d'étude canadien sur les soins de santé préventifs (Tableau). Recommandations 1. Les femmes qui sont enceintes ou qui planifient connaître une grossesse devraient faire l'objet d'une évaluation visant les facteurs de risque de l'insuffisance cervicale. L'exécution d'une anamnèse exhaustive au moment de l'évaluation initiale pourrait attirer l'attention des cliniciens sur des facteurs de risque s'étant manifestés au cours d'une première grossesse (ou grossesse probante). (III-B) 2. Les femmes qui connaissent une fausse couche au deuxième trimestre ou un accouchement prématuré précoce devraient par la suite faire l'objet d'une évaluation détaillée des facteurs de risque; une telle évaluation devrait également être menée chez les femmes qui ont connu ces complications dans le cadre d'une grossesse précédente. (III-B) 3. Chez les femmes qui présentent des antécédents d'insuffisance cervicale, une analyse d'urine (à des fins de mise en culture et pour la tenue d'une épreuve de sensibilité) et des mises en culture vaginales visant la vaginose bactérienne devraient être effectuées dans le cadre de la première consultation obstétricale, et toute infection ainsi mise au jour devrait être traitée. (I-A) 4. Les femmes qui ont déjà connu au moins trois fausses couches au deuxième trimestre ou accouchements extrêmement prématurés et chez qui aucune cause particulière autre qu'une insuffisance cervicale potentielle n'a été identifiée devraient se voir offrir un cerclage planifié (à 12 - 14 semaines de gestation). (I-A) 5. Dans le cas des femmes présentant des antécédents classiques d'insuffisance cervicale chez qui la mise en place précédente d'un cerclage vaginal a échoué, la mise en place d'un cerclage abdominal peut être envisagée en l'absence de facteurs atténuants additionnels. (II-3C) 6. Les femmes qui ont subi une trachélectomie devraient faire l'objet d'un cerclage abdominal. (II-3C) 7. La mise en place d'un cerclage d'urgence pourrait être envisagée chez les femmes dont le col présente une dilatation < 4 cm, sans contractions, à moins de 24 semaines de gestation. (II-3C) 8. Les femmes pour lesquelles la mise en place d'un cerclage n'est pas envisagée ou justifiée, mais dont les antécédents semblent indiquer un risque d'insuffisance cervicale (1 ou 2 fausses couches au deuxième trimestre ou accouchements extrêmement prématurés), devraient se voir offrir des évaluations échographiques en série de la longueur cervicale. (II-2B) 9. La mise en place d'un cerclage devrait être envisagée, en présence d'une longueur cervicale ≤ 25 mm avant 24 semaines de gestation, chez les femmes connaissant une grossesse monofœtale qui présentent une possible insuffisance cervicale ou des antécédents d'accouchement préterme spontané. (I-A) 10. Le cerclage ne s'avère d'aucune utilité dans le cas des femmes qui ont fait l'objet d'un examen échographique ayant révélé, de façon fortuite, la présence d'un col court et qui n'ont pas déjà présenté des facteurs de risque en ce qui concerne l'accouchement préterme ou l'insuffisance cervicale. (II-1D) 11. Les données actuelles ne soutiennent pas la mise en place planifiée d'un cerclage dans le cadre d'une grossesse multiple, même en présence d'antécédents d'accouchement préterme; ainsi, cette pratique devrait être évitée. (I-D) 12. Dans le cadre d'une grossesse multiple, la mise en place d'un cerclage en fonction de la longueur cervicale n'est pas soutenue par la littérature. (II-1D).


Assuntos
Cerclagem Cervical , Incompetência do Colo do Útero/cirurgia , Cerclagem Cervical/efeitos adversos , Cerclagem Cervical/métodos , Medida do Comprimento Cervical , Colo do Útero/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Medição de Risco , Incompetência do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico
3.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet ; 110(2): 167-73, 2010 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20641146

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To review the evidence and provide recommendations for the counselling and management of obese parturients. OUTCOMES: OUTCOMES evaluated include the impact of maternal obesity on the provision of antenatal and intrapartum care, maternal morbidity and mortality, and perinatal morbidity and mortality. EVIDENCE: Literature was retrieved through searches of Statistics Canada, Medline, and The Cochrane Library on the impact of obesity in pregnancy on antepartum and intrapartum care, maternal morbidity and mortality, obstetrical anaesthesia, and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Results were restricted to systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials/controlled clinical trials, and observational studies. There were no date or language restrictions. Searches were updated on a regular basis and incorporated in the guideline to April 2009. Grey (unpublished) literature was identified through searching the websites of health technology assessment and health technology assessment-related agencies, clinical practice guideline collections, clinical trial registries, and national and international medical specialty societies. VALUES: The evidence obtained was reviewed and evaluated by the Maternal Fetal Medicine and Clinical Practice Obstetric Committees of the SOGC under the leadership of the principal authors, and recommendations were made according to guidelines developed by the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care. BENEFITS, HARMS, AND COSTS: Implementation of the recommendations in this guideline should increase recognition of the issues clinicians need to be aware of when managing obese women in pregnancy, improve communication and consultation amongst the obstetrical care team, and encourage federal and provincial agencies to educate Canadians about the values of entering pregnancy with as healthy a weight as possible.


Assuntos
Obesidade/complicações , Obesidade/terapia , Cuidado Pré-Concepcional/normas , Complicações na Gravidez/terapia , Cuidado Pré-Natal/normas , Índice de Massa Corporal , Feminino , Humanos , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto/normas , Gravidez
4.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet ; 108(1): 85-9, 2010 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20050202

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To describe the etiology of vasa previa and the risk factors and associated condition, to identify the various clinical presentations of vasa previa, to describe the ultrasound tools used in its diagnosis, and to describe the management of vasa previa. OUTCOMES: Reduction of perinatal mortality, short-term neonatal morbidity, long-term infant morbidity, and short-term and long-term maternal morbidity and mortality. EVIDENCE: Published literature on randomized trials prospective cohort studies, and selected retrospective cohort studies was retrieved through searches of PubMed or Medline, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library, using appropriate controlled vocabulary (e.g., selected epidemiological studies comparing delivery by Caesarean section with vaginal delivery studies comparing outcomes when vasa previa is diagnosed antenatally vs.intrapartum) and key words (e.g. vasa previa). Results were restricted to systematic reviews, randomized control trials/controlled clinical trials, and observational studies. Searches were updated on a regular basis and incorporated into the guideline to October 1, 2008. Grey (unpublished) literature was identified through searching the websites of health technology assessment and health technology assessment-related agencies,clinical practice guideline collections, clinical trial registries, and from national and international medical specialty societies. VALUES: The evidence collected was reviewed by the Diagnostic Imaging Committee and the Maternal Fetal Medicine Committee of the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (SOGC) and quantified using the evaluation of evidence guidelines developed by the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care. BENEFITS, HARMS, AND COSTS: The benefit expected from this guideline is facilitation of optimal and uniform care for pregnancies complicated by vasa previa. SPONSORS: The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada.

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