Construction and Assessment of the Physical Activity and Physical Education Importance for Parents Scale.

A recent systematic review reported positive associations between parents and children's physical activity participation. Moreover, parents' perceptions of the importance and value of physical activity can influence their children's participation in it. Our aim in this study was to develop and validate an instrument to assess parents' perceptions of the importance of physical activity and physical education. After first creating the instrument, we conducted content and exploratory factorial validation and reliability analyses of it with 93 parents (M age = 44.76, SD = 6.05, range = 31-66 years; 73 females, 20 males). The result was a 9-item instrument, with items assessed on a 5-point Likert scale and grouped into three factors: (a) importance of physical education; (b) importance of engaging in physical activity or sport; and (c) importance of joining your children in physical activity or sport. In a second confirmatory factor analysis with 224 parents (M age = 44.53, SD = 6.07; 174 or 77.7% females and 50 or 22.3% males) we confirmed the factor validity and reliability previously analyzed (χ2 = 42.77, df = 24, p = .011, GFI = 0.96, NFI = 0.98, NNFI = 0.99, CFI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.06 (90% CI: 0,04, 0.08), SRMR = 0.04, ECVI = 0.04, CR = 0.70-0.87). Thus, the new Physical Activity and Physical Education Importance for Parents Scale (PAPEIPS) is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring parents' perceived importance of physical activity and physical education.

El modelo de perfeccionismo disposicional 2x2 en la adolescencia: una comprobación en el contexto de la Educación Física / The 2x2 Dispositional Perfectionism Model in Adolescence: An Assessment in the Physical Education Context

Se examinó el modelo de perfeccionismo 2x2 en la adolescencia, en el contexto de la Educación Física, empleando diversas variables dependientes: autoconcepto, afectividad y satisfacción con la vida. Un total de 331 estudiantes de educación secundaria (58.9 % varones y 41.1 % mujeres; M = 14.29, DE = 1.43) tomó parte en el estudio. Los análisis de regresión jerárquica moderada mostraron que el tipo de Auto-exigencia Puro se asoció a resultados más adaptativos en comparación con el No-perfeccionismo. El de Presión Externa Puro se relacionó con resultados más negativos en comparación con los otros tipos de perfeccionismo. Finalmente, el Perfeccionismo Mixto se asoció a una mejor adaptación psicológica que el tipo Presión Externa Puro, y a una adaptación más débil con respecto al Perfeccionismo Autoexigente Puro.

The 2x2 dispositional perfectionism model in adolescence was assessed in physical education using several dependent variables: self-concept, affectivity and life satisfaction. A total of 331 secondary education students (58.9% males and 41.1% females; M = 14.29, SD = 1.43) agreed to participate. Moderate hierarchical regression analyses showed that the Self-Imposed group was linked to more adaptive results compared to the Non-Perfectionism one. The External Pressure group was linked to more negative results compared to the other types of perfectionism. Finally, the Mixed Perfectionism group was linked to a better psychological adjustment that the External Pressure group and a weaker adaptation than the Self-Imposed group.

Assessment of dispositional and contextual variables in educational settings: IEPA and AYES scales.

BACKGROUND: Despite the fact that there are a few instruments designed to measure dispositional and contextual variables in educational contexts, the goal of this study is to elaborate and validate two questionnaires to measure learning interest, effort and progression as dispositional (IEPA) and contextual (AYEs) variables in secondary education students. METHOD: An initial version of both scales was developed. They were reviewed by a panel of experts and tested on two pilot studies. The final versions were administered to the described sample and their psychometric properties were tested. Factor analyses (exploratory and confirmatory) were conducted on three sets of data: Mathematics (n = 290), Spanish Language and Literature (n = 283), and Physical Education (n = 289). RESULTS: Both final scales had three dimensions with four items in each dimension. All standardized loads and critical values of t were overwhelmingly positive, while alpha coefficients ranged from .85 to .91. Both scales showed adequate construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity and concurrent validity. CONCLUSIONS: Results showed that these new scales have adequate psychometric properties, allowing a valid and reliable assessment.