RESUMO
Introduction: The Brazilian population in the United States (U.S.), a Latinx subgroup, is rapidly growing and aging but remains underrepresented in U.S. health research. In addition to group-specific genetic and environmental risks, Brazilian immigrants and their offspring in the U.S. likely have cumulative risks for health inequities.It is estimated that 71% of Brazilian immigrants in the U.S. are undocumented, which may limit healthcare access/utilization. Furthermore, mental health is reported as a health priority by Brazilian immigrants in the U.S., and there is a lack of research on Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (AD/ADRD) in this population. Methods: We reviewed the scientific literature using traditional (e.g., PubMed) sources and databases generated by U.S. and Brazilian governments, as well as international organizations, and press articles. Results: This perspective review lists recommendations for researchers, health providers, and policymakers to promote greater inclusion of U.S. Brazilian populations in health research and care. The review identifies research areas in need of attention to address health inequities and promote mental/brain health in Brazilian immigrants and their offspring living in the U.S. These research areas are: 1) epidemiological studies to map the prevalence and incidence of mental/brain health conditions; 2) research on aging and AD/ADRD risk factors among Brazilian populations in the U.S.; and 3) the need for greater representation of U.S-residing Brazilian population in other relevant research areas involving genetics, neuropathology, and clinical trials. Conclusions: The recommendation and research efforts proposed should help to pave the way for the development of community-engagement research and to promote mental/brain health education, improvement of mental/brain health and AD/ADRD services, and the development of culturally-informed intervention to the U.S.-residing Brazilian communities. HIGHLIGHTS: The Brazilian population in the United States is growing but is underrepresented in U.S. health research.Approximately 71% of Brazilian immigrants in the United States are undocumented, with an increased risk for health inequities.Mental health is reported as a central health priority by Brazilian immigrants in the United States.There is a lack of research on Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (ADRD) in Brazilian immigrants in the United States.Epidemiological research is needed to map the prevalence/incidence of mental health conditions and ADRD risk factors among Brazilian immigrants in the United States.
RESUMO
Para o melhor entendimento dos processos relacionados a senescência e à senilidade cerebral, o estudo do tecido cerebral é mandatório, tanto nos seus aspectos macroscópicos quanto microscópicos, sobretudo quando os dados encontrados na análise anátomo patológica podem ser correlacionados com as condições clínico funcionais dos indivíduos. De modo a propiciar ferramentas para o estudo do envelhecimento cerebral, foi criado o Banco de Encéfalos Humanos do Grupo de Estudos em Envelhecimento Cerebral da FMUSP (BEHGEEC), em 2003. O presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever a experiência do GEEC na criação e implementação de um banco deencéfalos humanos com fins de ensino e pesquisa e para tanto, relata a experiência do GEEC desde sua criação até seu funcionamento, apontando os procedimentos de coleta e processamento dos casos incluídos e suas rotinas de estudo, ensino e pesquisa. Palavras-chave: Encéfalo. Bancos de tecidos. Envelhecimento
For a better understanding of processes related to senescence and to brain senility, the study of brain tissue is mandatory, regarding both the microscopic and the macroscopic aspects, over all when data found in anatomopathological analysis may be correlated to clinical-functional conditions of individuals. In order to make available tools for the study of brain aging, the Bank of HumanEncephala of the Group of Studies in Brain Aging of FMUSP was created (BEHGEEC) in 2003. The present study aims to describe the experience of GEEC in the creation and implementation of a bank of human encephala with purposes of teaching and research and for this it narrates the experience of GEEC since its creation until its functioning, pointing to procedures of collection and processing of cases and its routines of study, teaching and research. Keywords: Brain. Tissue banks. Aging
Para una mejor comprensión de los procesos relacionados con la senectud y con la senilidad del cerebro, el estudio del tejido del cerebro es obligatorio, respecto a los aspectos microscópicos y a los macroscópicos, sobre todo cuando los datos encontrados en el análisis anatomopatológica se pueden correlacionar a las condiciones clínico-funcionales de los individuos. Para hacer las herramientas disponibles para el estudio del envejecimiento del cerebro, el banco de encéfalos humanos del grupo de estudios en el envejecimientodel cerebro de FMUSP (BEHGEEC) fue creado en 2003. Este estudio intenta describir la experiencia de GEEC en la creación y puesta en práctica de un banco de encéfalos humanos con propósitos de enseñanza y de investigación y para esto narra la experiencia de GEEC desde su creación hasta su funcionamiento, señalando a los procedimientos de la colección y del procesamiento de casos y a sus rutinasde estudio, enseñanza y investigación.Palabras llave: Encéfalo. Bancos de tejidos. Envejecimiento