Assessment of the Blood Parameters, Cardiac and Liver Enzymes in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Following Treated with Injectable Doxorubicin-Loaded Nano-Particles.

Purpose: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common and most malignant disorder of the oral cavity. Standard cancer treatments have many complications for patients. Nausea, vomiting, and perturbation in blood cells are the most common side effects when using Doxorubicin (Dox) for the treatment of OSCC. Use of Doxorubicin-loaded nano-particles (n-Dox) give rise to increase its biological efficacy and the rapeutic effects. This study assessed the efficacy of the injectable form of the n-Doxon blood parameters and cardiac and liver enzymes compared to the commercial form of Dox in OSCC-induced by 4NQO in rats. Methods: 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxideas was used as a solution in drinking water for inducing OSCC during 14 weeks in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Four groups of animals were categorized randomly: first (OSCC+Dox), second (OSCC+n-Dox), third (OSCC) and, last, healthy animals. Results: Using n-Dox had no harmful effect on the number of white and red blood cells. Thrombocytopenia and leukopenia in animals treated with n-Dox was less than the other groups. Hemoglobin and hematocrit in all treated groups did not differ and were similar to the healthy control. Hepatic and cardiac enzymes did not show any significant difference in any of the groups. Conclusion: The results of this research showed that significant decreases in haematological changes occurred, including leukopenia and anemia, in an animal model of OSCC induced by 4-NQO following use of n-Dox with compare to Dox. Use of n-Dox is better than of Dox for treatment of OSCC.

Histological assessment of follicular delivery of flutamide by solid lipid nanoparticles: potential tool for the treatment of androgenic alopecia.

CONTEXT: Flutamide is a potent anti-androgen with the several unwanted side effects in systemic administration, therefore, it has attracted special interest in the development of topically applied formulations for the treatment of androgenic alopecia. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to prepare and characterize the solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of Flutamide for follicular targeting in the treatment of the androgenic alopecia. METHODS: Flutamide-loaded SLNs, promising drug carriers for topical application were prepared by hot melt homogenization method. Drug permeation and accumulation in the exercised rat skin and histological study on the male hamsters were performed to assess drug delivery efficiency in vitro and in vivo, respectively. RESULTS: The optimized Flutamide-loaded SLNs (size 198 nm, encapsulation efficiency percentage 65% and loading efficiency percentage 3.27%) exhibited a good stability during the period of at least 2 months. The results of X-ray diffraction showed Flutamide amorphous state confirming uniform drug dispersion in the SLNs structure. Higher skin drug deposition (1.75 times) of SLN formulation compared to Flutamide hydroalcoholic solution represented better localization of the drug in the skin. The in vivo studies showed more new hair follicle growth by utilizing Flutamide-loaded SLNs than Flutamide hydroalcoholic solution which could be due to the higher accumulation of SLNs in the hair follicles as well as slowly and continues release of the Flutamide through the SLNs maximizing hair follicle exposure by antiandrogenic drug. CONCLUSION: It was concluded Flutamide-loaded SLN formulation can be used as a promising colloidal drug carriers for topical administration of Flutamide in the treatment of androgenic alopecia.