RESUMO
There are a variety of factors that have been associated with support for the use of community corrections in the West. However, little research has been completed to examine if these same factors are also associated with support for the use of community corrections in China. This exploratory study examined the degree of agreement and support of 764 Chinese citizens on the use of community corrections methods. Results indicated that most respondents supported the use of community corrections methods rather than traditional incarceration methods. In addition, five attitudes (the punishment perspective, the rehabilitation perspective, the humanitarian perception, cost-effectiveness, and risk) toward the use of community corrections methods were examined and all were found to be significantly associated with the support of community corrections in present-day China.
Assuntos
Integração Comunitária/legislação & jurisprudência , Integração Comunitária/psicologia , Desinstitucionalização/legislação & jurisprudência , Prisioneiros/legislação & jurisprudência , Prisioneiros/psicologia , Opinião Pública , Adulto , Altruísmo , China , Integração Comunitária/economia , Análise Custo-Benefício , Desinstitucionalização/economia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Reabilitação Psiquiátrica , Punição , Medição de Risco , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
For thousands of years, China primarily used morality for its social control. Since its economic reform starting in 1978, China has moved toward legal control. Two fundamental questions, however, remain understudied in China: (a) the degree to which citizens feel obligated to obey the law and (b) the sources of citizens' perceived obligation to obey the law. This study was intended to answer these questions based on random surveys of 1,196 residents from Guangzhou, China. The study revealed that the vast majority of citizens in Guangzhou felt obligated to obey the law irrespective of their personal feelings. Normative and instrumental perspectives were important sources of Guangzhou citizens' perceived obligation to obey the law. In addition, Guangzhou citizens' perception of obligation to obey the law was related to not only individual-level variables but also neighborhood contextual factors.
Assuntos
Controle Social Formal , Responsabilidade Social , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , China , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Características de Residência , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Both formal and informal crime control are used to deter people from engaging in criminal behavior that is harmful to the well-being of society. Formal criminal justice control uses the law and official government agencies to promote compliance, whereas informal criminal justice control uses morals and social institutions to encourage people to be law abiding. This study examined survey data to determine the importance of each form of social control among Chinese and U.S. college students. Chinese students were more likely to view formal and informal crime control as important mechanisms. Furthermore, Chinese students ranked the blending of formal and informal crime control as being more important.