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1.
Popul Stud (Camb) ; 53(3): 303-15, 1999 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11624023

RESUMO

A great deal of scholarly attention has been devoted in recent years to the large-scale abandonment of new born babies in the European past, with special emphasis given to the staggering rates of infant mortality among the foundlings. For the most part, scholars have agreed with the foundling home officials of the past in assigning much of the blame for this excess mortality to the women who took in the foundlings as wetnurses and subsequently as foster mothers. This article takes issue with this view, based on an examination of the children abandoned at the foundling home of Bologna, Italy in the nineteenth century. Four cohorts of foundlings are examined - those abandoned in 1809-30, 1829-30, 1849-50, and 1869-70 (N=3615) - as we trace the changing pattern of infant and early childhood mortality. Longitudinal methods are used in examining the life course of these foundlings and the determinants of their mortality.


Assuntos
Cuidado da Criança/história , Criança Abandonada/história , Mortalidade Infantil , Bem-Estar do Lactente/história , Mortalidade , Seguridade Social/história , Adoção , Maus-Tratos Infantis/história , Pré-Escolar , História do Século XIX , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Itália
4.
Eur J Popul ; 2(3-4): 361-85, 1987 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12158944

RESUMO

PIP: A detailed study of the factors associated with the decline of infant mortality in the town of Casalecchio di Reno, near Bologna, Italy, from 1865-1921 was generated from household tax records, birth and death registers, census data, and a variety of scholarly sources. Infant mortality had been 400/1000 in 17th century, fell to about 250 in the mid 18th, to 186 from 1865-1880, to 100 in 1900, and 75 in 1910. Infant mortality was lower among merchant and sharecropper families who had decent housing, food and water, higher among daily wage workers who lived in filthy crowded apartments on marginal incomes, and much higher among women who worked in emerging textile factories who could not breastfeed and used animal milk (682/1000 in 1903). Results are expressed in terms of probability of an infant death for specific demographic or maternal characteristics. Infant deaths among wage working women began to fall after 1902 when the government regulated child and female labor, requiring post-partum leave and time to breastfeed. The fact that factory workers were literate and urbanized did not help their children survive until they received better water, sewage systems, free medical care, and better housing. Thus, infant mortality varied in subgroups, was not necessarily lower in "modern" urban classes, and its fall depended on direct government intervention.^ieng


Assuntos
Agricultura , Declaração de Nascimento , Alimentação com Mamadeira , Aleitamento Materno , Censos , Proteção da Criança , Atestado de Óbito , Demografia , Economia , Escolaridade , Características da Família , Saúde , Indústrias , Mortalidade Infantil , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Lactente , Mortalidade , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição , Características da População , População , Áreas de Pobreza , Saúde Pública , Ciências Sociais , População Urbana , Urbanização , Mulheres , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Países Desenvolvidos , Europa (Continente) , Geografia , Itália , Dinâmica Populacional , Reprodução , Pesquisa , Classe Social , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Estatísticas Vitais
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