Correction: Quantitative assessment of cardiomyocyte mechanobiology through high-throughput cantilever-based functional well plate systems.

Correction for 'Quantitative assessment of cardiomyocyte mechanobiology through high-throughput cantilever-based functional well plate systems' by Jongyun Kim et al., Analyst, 2023, 148, 5133-5143, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3AN01286G.

Quantitative assessment of cardiomyocyte mechanobiology through high-throughput cantilever-based functional well plate systems.

Proper regulation of the in vitro cell culture environment is essential for disease modelling and drug toxicity screening. The main limitation of well plates used for cell culture is that they cannot accurately maintain energy sources and compounds needed during cell growth. Herein, to understand the importance of perfusion in cardiomyocyte culture, changes in contractile force and heart rate during cardiomyocyte growth are systematically investigated, and the results are compared with those of a perfusion-free system. The proposed perfusion system consists of a Peltier refrigerator, a peristaltic pump, and a functional well plate. A functional well plate with 12 wells is made through injection moulding, with two tubes integrated in the cover for each well to continuously circulate the culture medium. The contractile force of cardiomyocytes growing on the cantilever surface is analysed through changes in cantilever displacement. The maturation of cardiomyocytes is evaluated through fluorescence staining and western blot; cardiomyocytes cultured in the perfusion system show greater maturity than those cultured in a manually replaced culture medium. The pH of the culture medium manually replaced at intervals of 3 days decreases to 6.8, resulting in an abnormal heartbeat, while cardiomyocytes cultured in the perfusion system maintained at pH 7.4 show improved contractility and a uniform heart rate. Two well-known ion channel blockers, verapamil and quinidine, are used to measure changes in the contractile force of cardiomyocytes from the two systems. Cardiomyocytes in the perfusion system show greater stability during drug toxicity screening, proving that the perfusion system provides a better environment for cell growth.

Stress induced self-rollable smart-stent-based U-health platform for in-stent restenosis monitoring.

To date, several smart stents have been proposed to continuously detect biological cues, which is essential for tracking patients' critical vital signs and therapy. However, the proposed smart stent fabrication techniques rely on conventional laser micro-cutting or 3D printing technologies. The sensors are then integrated into the stent structure using an adhesive, conductive epoxy, or laser micro-welding process. The sensor packaging method using additional fabrication processes can cause electrical noise, and there is a possibility of sensor detachment from the sent structure after implantation, which may pose a significant risk to patients. Herein, we are demonstrating for the first time a single-step fabrication method to develop a smart stent with an integrated sensor for detecting in-stent restenosis and assessing the functional dynamics of the heart. The smart stent is fabricated using a microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based micromachining technology. The proposed smart stent can detect biological cues without additional power and wirelessly transmit the signal to the network analyzer. The cytocompatibility of the smart stent is confirmed through a cytotoxicity test by monitoring the cell growth, proliferation, and viability of the cultured cardiomyocytes. The capacitance of the smart stent exhibits an excellent linear relationship with the applied pressure. The exceptional sensitivity of the pressure sensor enabled the proposed smart stent to detect biological cues during in vivo analysis. The preliminary findings confirmed the proposed smart stent's higher level of structural integrity, durability and repeatability. Finally, the practical feasibility of the smart stent is demonstrated by monitoring diastole and systole at various beat rates using a phantom. The results of the phantom study showed a similar pattern to the human model, indicating the potential use of the proposed multifunctional smart stent for real-time applications.

Lignin-Mediated Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis for Photocatalytic Degradation of Reactive Yellow 4G and In Vitro Assessment of Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Antibacterial Activities.

This study explored the potential of abundantly available sodium lignosulfonate (LS) as a reducer and fabricating agent in preparing silver nanoparticles (LS-Ag NPs). The operational conditions were optimized to make the synthesis process simpler, rapid, and eco-friendly. The prepared LS-Ag NPs were analyzed via UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Results demonstrated that LS-Ag NPs were of crystalline structure, capped with LS constituents, and spherical in shape with a size of approximately 20 nm. Under optimized conditions, LS-Ag NPs exhibited significant photocatalytic activity in Reactive Yellow 4G degradation. The effects of photocatalyst (LS-Ag NPs) dosage, dye concentration, and its reusability for dye degradation were studied to make the process practically applicable in textile wastewater treatment. Additionally, the synthesized LS-Ag NPs displayed significant free radical scavenging against 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) with an IC50 value of (50.2 ± 0.70 µg/mL) and also exhibited antidiabetic activity in terms of inhibition in the activity of carbohydrate-degrading marker enzyme α-glucosidase with an IC50 value of (58.1 ± 0.65 µg/mL). LS-Ag NPs showed substantial antibacterial potential against pathogenic strains, namely E. coli and S. aureus. In conclusion, LS-Ag NPs can be a reliable and eco-friendly material for their possible application in the treatment of dye-containing wastewater and have a great perspective in the biomedical and pharmaceutical sectors.

Facile synthesis of economical feasible fly ash-based zeolite-supported nano zerovalent iron and nickel bimetallic composite for the potential removal of heavy metals from industrial effluents.

Heavy metals contamination of water is one of the environmental issue globally. Thus prepared fly ash-based zeolite (FZA)-supported nano zerovalent iron and nickel (nZVI/Ni@FZA) bimetallic composite from low-cost fly ash waste for the potential treatment of anion (Cr(VI) and cation Cu(II)) heavy metals from industrial effluents at pH 3 and 5, respectively in this study. The systematic interaction between FZA and nZVI/Ni and the adsorptive removal mechanism was studied. The mean surface area of the nZVI/Ni@FZA (154.11 m2/g) was much greater than that of the FZA (46.6 m2/g) and nZVI (4.76 m2/g) independently, as determined by BET-N2 measurements. The effect of influence factors on the removal of Cr(VI) and Cu(II) by nZVI/Ni@FZA, such as pH effect, initial concentration effect, time effect, temperature effect, coexisting metals, and ionic strength, and cumulative loading ability, were discussed. The maximum adsorption capacity of nZVI/Ni@FZA was 48.31 mg/g and 147.06 mg/g towards Cr(VI) and Cu(II), respectively. These were higher than those of nZVI@FZA and FZA. It demonstrated that Ni could play an important role in enhancing the reduction ability of nZVI. Furthermore, isothermal and kinetic results revealed that both heavy metal adsorption processes were rate limiting monolayer Langmuir adsorption on homogeneous surfaces. Thermodynamic results suggested that the adsorptive removal of metal ions was endothermic with spontaneity. The applicability of nZVI/Ni@FZA on real industrial wastewater treatment results demonstrate that the concentration of heavy metals were removed under the acceptable standard levels. Further the adsorption capacity of nZVI/Ni@FZA was higher than the nZVI@FZA and FZA. The overall results demonstrated that nZVI/Ni@FZA was a promising, efficient, and economically feasible sorbent for potential wastewater treatment. Moreover this is first report on the preparation nZVI/Ni@FZA bimetallic composite.