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1.
Environ Pollut ; 355: 124184, 2024 Aug 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38782162

RESUMO

While sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) has long been used to disinfect drinking water, concerns have risen over its use due to causing potentially hazardous byproducts. Catalytic ozonation with metal-free catalysts has attracted increasing attention to eliminate the risk of secondary pollution of byproducts in water treatment. Here, we compared the disinfection efficiency and microbial community of catalytic ozone with a type of metal-free catalyst fluorinated ceramic honeycomb (FCH) and NaClO disinfectants under laboratory- and pilot-scale conditions. Under laboratory conditions, the disinfection rate of catalytic ozonation was 3∼6-fold that of ozone when the concentration of Escherichia coli was 1 × 106 CFU/ml, and all E. coli were killed within 15 s. However, 0.65 mg/L NaClO retained E. coli after 30 min using the traditional culturable approach. The microorganism inactivation results of raw reservoir water disinfected by catalytic ozonation and ozonation within 15 s were incomparable based on the cultural method. In pilot-scale testing, catalytic ozonation inactivated all environmental bacteria within 4 min, while 0.65 mg/L NaClO could not achieve this success. Both catalytic ozonation and NaClO-disinfected methods significantly reduced the number of microorganisms but did not change the relative abundances of different species, i.e., bacteria, viruses, eukaryotes, and archaea, based on metagenomic analyses. The abundance of virulence factors (VFs) and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) was detected few in catalytic ozonation, as determined by metagenomic sequencing. Some VFs or ARGs, such as virulence gene 'FAS-II' which was hosted by Mycobacterium_tuberculosis, were detected solely by the NaClO-disinfected method. The enriched genes and pathways of cataO3-disinfected methods exhibited an opposite trend, especially in human disease, compared with NaClO disinfection. These results indicated that the disinfection effect of catalytic ozone is superior to NaClO, this finding contributed to the large-scale application of catalytic ozonation with FCH in practical water treatment.


Assuntos
Cerâmica , Desinfetantes , Desinfecção , Água Potável , Ozônio , Hipoclorito de Sódio , Purificação da Água , Ozônio/química , Desinfetantes/farmacologia , Água Potável/microbiologia , Água Potável/química , Desinfecção/métodos , Cerâmica/química , Purificação da Água/métodos , Hipoclorito de Sódio/farmacologia , Hipoclorito de Sódio/química , Catálise , Halogenação , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Projetos Piloto , Microbiologia da Água , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos
2.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng ; 10(4): 2498-2509, 2024 04 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38531866

RESUMO

Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) offer versatile applications in tissue engineering and drug screening. To facilitate the monitoring of hiPSC cardiac differentiation, a noninvasive approach using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) was explored. HiPSCs were differentiated into cardiomyocytes and analyzed using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The bright-field images of the cells at different time points were captured to create the dataset. Six pretrained models (AlexNet, GoogleNet, ResNet 18, ResNet 50, DenseNet 121, VGG 19-BN) were employed to identify different stages in differentiation. VGG 19-BN outperformed the other five CNNs and exhibited remarkable performance with 99.2% accuracy, recall, precision, and F1 score and 99.8% specificity. The pruning process was then applied to the optimal model, resulting in a significant reduction of model parameters while maintaining high accuracy. Finally, an automation application using the pruned VGG 19-BN model was developed, facilitating users in assessing the cell status during the myocardial differentiation of hiPSCs.


Assuntos
Células-Tronco Pluripotentes Induzidas , Miócitos Cardíacos , Humanos , Diferenciação Celular , Algoritmos , Redes Neurais de Computação
3.
Ecol Evol ; 12(5): e8906, 2022 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35571755

RESUMO

Invasive freshwater macroalgae are rarely described. Montagnia macrospora is a freshwater red alga introduced from South America to East Asia via the global aquarium trade. The earliest occurrence record of this alga in Taiwan is dated 2005. To determine whether M. macrospora has become invasive in Taiwan and to understand the traits that facilitated its invasion, we took a multifaceted approach that combines examination of ecological background and population genetic analysis. Our island-wide survey showed that M. macrospora is widespread in the field across Taiwan, where the climate greatly differs from that of South America, and can self-sustain for nearly a decade. Our population genetic analysis revealed a lack of genetic diversity of M. macrospora in Taiwan, consistent with the hypothesis that the alga expanded through asexual reproduction. Moreover, during our long-term ecological assessments and field surveys, we observed that M. macrospora is an ecological generalist that can survive in a wide range of temperature, pH, illumination, and nutrient enrichment. Taken together, our data suggest that M. macrospora has successfully invaded the freshwater ecosystems of Taiwan, likely due to its ability to disperse asexually and to grow under broad environmental conditions. We hope that our study brings attention to invasive freshwater algae, which have been overlooked in conservation planning and management.

4.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int ; 29(9): 13345-13355, 2022 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34590226

RESUMO

Populations exposed to bioaerosols over time in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) will be infected. Then, the reverse quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) provides a quantitative framework for the estimation of acceptable exposure time to protect people from excessive exposure and then manage their health risk. In this study, the acceptable exposure time for staffs and visiting researchers exposed to S. aureus or E. coli bioaerosols emitted from aeration ponds in WWTPs was estimated and analyzed by Monte Carlo simulation-based reverse QMRA (using the 1E-4 pppy suggested by the US EPA or 1E-6 DALYs pppy suggested by the WHO as benchmarks). The 1E-3 and 1E-2 pppy were selected as a series of loose annual infection risk benchmarks to calculate a practical acceptable exposure time. The results showed that for the acceptable exposure time in each specific exposure scenario, the exposure of females was consistently 0.3-0.4 times longer than that of males; the exposure of staffs was 3.6-3.9 times shorter than that of visiting researchers; the exposures of populations in the rotating-disc aeration mode were consistently 6.3-6.6 and 2.8-3.1 times longer than those in the microporous aeration mode for S. aureus and E. coli bioaerosols, respectively. The acceptable exposure time with the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) was 33.4-35.0 times as long as that without PPE. The US EPA benchmark is stricter than the WHO benchmark with regard to the estimation of the acceptable exposure time of S. aureus or E. coli bioaerosols. The 1E-3 pppy is more appropriate and practical than the US EPA benchmark, but the 1E-2 pppy is notably too loose for health risk management. This research can assist managers of WWTPs to formulate a justified exposure time and develop applicable administrative and personal intervention strategies. The results can enrich the knowledge bases of reverse QMRA to elect a series of loose health-based target risk benchmarks for health risk management.


Assuntos
Benchmarking , Purificação da Água , Escherichia coli , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Medição de Risco , Staphylococcus aureus , Águas Residuárias
5.
Cost Eff Resour Alloc ; 19(1): 53, 2021 Aug 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34404418

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the most prevalent cancer, and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in China. The aim of this study was to estimate the direct medical expenditure incurred for lung cancer care and analyze the trend therein for the period 2002-2011 using nationally representative data in China METHODS: This study was based on 10-year, multicenter retrospective expenditure data collected from hospital records, covering 15,437 lung cancer patients from 13 provinces diagnosed during the period 2002-2011. All expenditure data were adjusted to 2011 to eliminate the effects of inflation using China's annual consumer price index. RESULTS: The direct medical expenditure for lung cancer care (in 2011) was 39,015 CNY (US$6,041) per case, with an annual growth rate of 7.55% from 2002 to 2011. Drug costs were the highest proportionally in the total medical expenditure (54.27%), followed by treatment expenditure (14.32%) and surgical expenditure (8.10%). Medical expenditures for the disease varied based on region, hospital level, type, and stage. CONCLUSION: The medical expenditure for lung cancer care is substantial in China. Drug costs and laboratory test are the main factors increasing medical costs.

6.
Cancer ; 127(11): 1880-1893, 2021 06 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33784413

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in China, however, publicly available, descriptive information on the clinical epidemiology of CRC is limited. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with primary CRC during 2005 through 2014 were sampled from 13 tertiary hospitals in 9 provinces across China. Data related to sociodemographic characteristics, the use of diagnostic technology, treatment adoption, and expenditure were extracted from individual medical records. RESULTS: In the full cohort of 8465 patients, the mean ± SD age at diagnosis was 59.3 ± 12.8 years, 57.2% were men, and 58.7% had rectal cancer. On average, 14.4% of patients were diagnosed with stage IV disease, and this proportion increased from 13.5% in 2005 to 20.5% in 2014 (P value for trend < .05). For diagnostic techniques, along with less use of x-rays (average, 81.6%; decreased from 90.0% to 65.7%), there were increases in the use of computed tomography (average, 70.4%; increased from 4.5% to 90.5%) and magnetic resonance imaging (average, 8.8%; increased from 0.1% to 20.4%) over the study period from 2005 to 2014. With regard to treatment, surgery alone was the most common (average, 50.1%), but its use decreased from 51.3% to 39.8% during 2005 through 2014; and the use of other treatments increased simultaneously, such as chemotherapy alone (average, 4.1%; increased from 4.1% to 11.9%). The average medical expenditure per patient was 66,291 Chinese Yuan (2014 value) and increased from 47,259 to 86,709 Chinese Yuan. CONCLUSIONS: The increasing proportion of late-stage diagnoses presents a challenge for CRC control in China. Changes in diagnostic and treatment options and increased expenditures are clearly illustrated in this study. Coupled with the recent introduction of screening initiatives, these data provide an understanding of changes over time and may form a benchmark for future related evaluations of CRC interventions in China.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais , Utilização de Instalações e Serviços , Gastos em Saúde , Idoso , China/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/economia , Neoplasias Colorretais/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/terapia , Utilização de Instalações e Serviços/economia , Utilização de Instalações e Serviços/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Gastos em Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Inquéritos e Questionários
7.
Front Pharmacol ; 11: 572569, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33536905

RESUMO

Background and Purpose: The availability of oncology biosimilars is deemed as a fundamental strategy to achieve sustainable health care. However, there is scarce systematic evidence on economic effectiveness of cancer biosimilars. We aimed to synthesize evidence from pharmacoeconomic evaluation of oncology biosimilars globally, provide essential data and methodological reference for involved stakeholders. Materials and Methods: This systematic review was conducted in PubMed, embase, the Cochrane library, CRD, ISPOR and NICE utill December 31, 2019. Information on basic characteristics, evaluation methodology and results were extracted. Quality of included studies was assessed using the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards Checklist. Results: For 17 studies identified (13 from Europe and four from United States), the overall quality was generally acceptable. A total of seven biological molecules involved with filgrastim, EPOETIN α, and trastuzumab leading the three. The mostly common evaluation perspective was payer, but the time horizon varied greatly. There were ten studies which adopted cost minimization analysis to evaluate efficiency while seven studies adopted budget impact analysis to address affordability, with cost ratio and cost saving being its corresponding primary endpoint. Although the comparability of included studies was limited and specific results were largely affected by uptake and price discount rates of the oncology biosimilar, the comprehensive results consistently favored its promotion. Conclusion: Globally, the economic evaluation of cancer biosimilars is in its initial phase. However, limited evidence from developed countries consistently supported both cost-effectiveness of efficiency and affordability of oncology biosimilars, while they were largely affected by uptake and price discount rate.

8.
BMC Cancer ; 18(1): 435, 2018 04 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29665788

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In China, stomach cancer is the third most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer death. Few studies have examined Chinese stomach cancer patients' medical expenses and their associated trends. The Cancer Screening Program in Urban China (CanSPUC) is a Major Public Health Project funded by the central government. Through this project, we have extracted patients' medical expenses from hospital billing data to examine the costs of the first course treatments (which refers to 2 months before and 10 months after the date of cancer diagnosis) in Chinese patients with stomach cancer and the associated trends. METHODS: The expense data of 14,692 urban Chinese patients with stomach cancer were collected from 40 hospitals in 13 provinces. We estimated the inflation-adjusted medical expenses per patient during 2002-2011. We described the time trends of medical expenses at the country-level, and those trends by subgroup, and analyzed the compositions of medical expenses. We constructed the Generalized Linear Mixed (GLM) regression model with Poisson distribution to examine the factors that were associated with medical expenses per patient. RESULTS: The average medical expenses of the first course treatments were about 43,249 CNY (6851 USD) in 2011, more than twice of that in 2002. The expenses increased by an average annual rate of 7.4%. Longer stay during hospitalization and an increased number of episodes of care are the two main contributors to the expense increase. The upward trend of medical expenses was observed in almost all patient subgroups. Drug expenses accounted for over half of the medical expenses. CONCLUSIONS: The average medical expenses of the first course (2 months before and 10 months after the date of cancer diagnosis) treatments per stomach cancer patient in urban China in 2011 were doubled during the previous 10 years, and about twice as high as the per capita disposable income of urban households in the same year. Such high expenses indicate that it makes economic sense to invest in cancer prevention and control in China.


Assuntos
Gastos em Saúde , Hospitalização , Neoplasias Gástricas/epidemiologia , Saúde da População Urbana , Idoso , Feminino , História do Século XXI , Hospitalização/economia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , Estudos Retrospectivos , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Gástricas/história , Neoplasias Gástricas/terapia
9.
J Cancer Res Ther ; 14(1): 163-170, 2018 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29516981

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to understand the medical expenditure for liver cancer during 2002-2011 in urban areas of China. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study. Based on a stratified cluster sampling method, a medical expenditure survey collected basic personal information from related medical records. Two-tailed independent sample t-test, variance analysis, and Student-Newman-Keuls Tests were used in cost analysis for the corresponding data types. RESULTS: A total of 12,342 liver cancer patients were included in the analysis. Overall average medical expenditure per case for liver cancer diagnosis and treatment in China has increased from ¥21, 950 to ¥40, 386 over the study period. For each liver cancer patient diagnosed between 2009 and 2011, the average expenditures were 29,332 CNY for stage I, 35,754 CNY for stage II, 34,288 CNY for stage III, and 30,275 CNY for stage IV diseases (P < 0.001). Pharmaceuticals accounted for the biggest part of the medical expenditure and it rose from 48.01% to 52.96% during these ten years, and the share of nursing fee expenses was the lowest (around 1%). Over the entire 10-year data period, the per capita expenditure of the east region (32,983 CNY) was higher than that of the west region (26,219 CNY) and slightly higher than the central region (31,018 CNY, P < 0.001). DISCUSSION: As a major cancer in China, liver cancer accounts for a large portion of health economic burden and its medical expenditure is heavy for families. Early diagnosis and treatment for liver cancer will save medical expenditure. CONCLUSION: The economic burden of liver cancer is high in China and related medical expenditure has increased.


Assuntos
Gastos em Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/epidemiologia , População Urbana , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , China/epidemiologia , Custos e Análise de Custo , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vigilância em Saúde Pública , Estudos Retrospectivos , Inquéritos e Questionários
10.
Asia Pac J Clin Oncol ; 14(3): 167-178, 2018 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28670694

RESUMO

AIM: We aimed to assess economic burden of breast cancer (BC) diagnosis and treatment in China through a multicenter cross-sectional study, and to obtain theoretical evidence for policy-making. METHODS: This survey was conducted in 37 hospital centers across 13 provinces in China from September 2012 to December 2014. We collected information on the subject characteristics. We then assessed the medical and non-medical expenditure for BC diagnosis and treatment, factors influencing the average case expense, variations between medical and non-medical expenditure at different clinical stages, economic impact of overall expenditure in newly diagnosed course after reimbursement to the patient's family, composition of non-medical expenditure and time loss for the patient and family. RESULTS: Among 2746 women with BC (72.6% were admitted to specialized hospitals), the overall average expenditure was US $8450 (medical expenditure: $7527; non-medical expenditure: $922). Significant differences were found among the overall expenditure in the four clinical stages (P < 0.0001); the expenditure was higher in stages III and IV than that in stages I and II, whereas the stage IV was the highest (P < 0.0001). Moreover, a higher self-reported predicted reimbursement ratio was associated with a less economic impact on the patient's family, and the average time lost was estimated as $1529. CONCLUSIONS: Early detection and treatment of breast cancer might be effective for decreasing the economic burden, because costs escalate as the degree of malignancy increases.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Mama/economia , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , China , Custos e Análise de Custo , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Gastos em Saúde , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e Questionários
11.
Chin J Cancer ; 36(1): 73, 2017 Sep 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28882179

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Esophageal cancer is associated with substantial disease burden in China, and data on the economic burden are fundamental for setting priorities in cancer interventions. The medical expenditure for the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer in China has not been fully quantified. This study aimed to examine the medical expenditure of Chinese patients with esophageal cancer and the associated trends. METHODS: From 2012 to 2014, a hospital-based multicenter retrospective survey was conducted in 37 hospitals in 13 provinces/municipalities across China as a part of the Cancer Screening Program of Urban China. For each esophageal cancer patient diagnosed between 2002 and 2011, clinical information and expense data were extracted by using structured questionnaires. All expense data were reported in Chinese Yuan (CNY; 1 CNY = 0.155 USD) based on the 2011 value and inflated using the year-specific health care consumer price index for China. RESULTS: A total of 14,967 esophageal cancer patients were included in the analysis. It was estimated that the overall average expenditure per patient was 38,666 CNY, and an average annual increase of 6.27% was observed from 2002 (25,111 CNY) to 2011 (46,124 CNY). The average expenditures were 34,460 CNY for stage I, 39,302 CNY for stage II, 40,353 CNY for stage III, and 37,432 CNY for stage IV diseases (P < 0.01). The expenditure also differed by the therapy type, which was 38,492 CNY for surgery, 27,933 CNY for radiotherapy, and 27,805 CNY for chemotherapy (P < 0.05). Drugs contributed to 45.02% of the overall expenditure. CONCLUSIONS: These conservative estimates suggested that medical expenditures for esophageal cancer in China substantially increased in the last 10 years, treatment for early-stage esophageal cancer costs less than that for advanced cases, and spending on drugs continued to account for a considerable proportion of the overall expenditure.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Esofágicas/economia , Idoso , China , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo
12.
Chin J Cancer ; 36(1): 41, 2017 Apr 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28454595

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The increasing prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in China and the paucity of information about relevant expenditure highlight the necessity of better understanding the financial burden and effect of CRC diagnosis and treatment. We performed a survey to quantify the direct medical and non-medical expenditure as well as the resulting financial burden of CRC patients in China. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional survey in 37 tertiary hospitals in 13 provinces across China between 2012 and 2014. Each enrolled patient was interviewed using a structured questionnaire. All expenditure data were inflated to the 2014 Chinese Yuan (CNY; 1 CNY = 0.163 USD). We quantified the overall expenditure and financial burden and by subgroup (hospital type, age at diagnosis, sex, education, occupation, insurance type, household income, clinical stage, pathologic type, and therapeutic regimen). We then performed generalized linear modeling to determine the factors associated with overall expenditure. RESULTS: A total of 2356 patients with a mean age of 57.4 years were included, 57.1% of whom were men; 13.9% of patients had stage I cancer; and the average previous-year household income was 54,525 CNY. The overall average direct expenditure per patient was estimated to be 67,408 CNY, and the expenditures for stage I, II, III, and IV disease were 56,099 CNY, 59,952 CNY, 67,292 CNY, and 82,729 CNY, respectively. Non-medical expenditure accounted for 8.3% of the overall expenditure. The 1-year out-of-pocket expenditure of a newly diagnosed patient was 32,649 CNY, which accounted for 59.9% of their previous-year household income and caused 75.0% of families to suffer an unmanageable financial burden. Univariate analysis showed that financial burden and overall expenditure differed in almost all subgroups (P < 0.05), except for sex. Multivariate analysis showed that patients who were treated in specialized hospitals and those who were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma or diagnosed at a later stage were likely to spend more, whereas those with a lower household income and those who underwent surgery spent less (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: For patients in China, direct expenditure for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC seemed catastrophic, and non-medical expenditure was non-ignorable. The financial burden varied among subgroups, especially among patients with different clinical stages of disease, which suggests that, in China, CRC screening might be cost-effective.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais/economia , Neoplasias Colorretais/epidemiologia , Gastos em Saúde , Adulto , Idoso , China/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/terapia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e Questionários/economia , Centros de Atenção Terciária/economia
13.
New Phytol ; 199(2): 609-621, 2013 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23574432

RESUMO

Allotetraploid speciation, that is, the generation of a hybrid tetraploid species from two diploid species, and the long-term evolution of tetraploid populations and species are important in plants. We developed a population genetic model to infer population genetic parameters of tetraploid populations from data of the progenitor and descendant species. Two yarrow species, Achillea alpina-4x and A. wilsoniana-4x, arose by allotetraploidization from the diploid progenitors, A. acuminata-2x and A. asiatica-2x. Yet, the population genetic process has not been studied in detail. We applied the model to sequences of three nuclear genes in populations of the four yarrow species and compared their pattern of variability with that in four plastid regions. The plastid data indicated that the two tetraploid species probably originated from multiple independent allopolyploidization events and have accumulated many mutations since. With the nuclear data, we found a low rate of homeologous recombination or gene conversion and a reduction in diversity relative to the level of both diploid species combined. The present analysis with a novel probabilistic model suggests a genetic bottleneck during tetraploid speciation, that the two tetraploid species have a long evolutionary history, and that they have a small amount of genetic exchange between the homeologous genomes.


Assuntos
Achillea/genética , Evolução Biológica , Especiação Genética , Modelos Genéticos , Tetraploidia , Alelos , Núcleo Celular/genética , Simulação por Computador , Citosol/enzimologia , DNA de Cloroplastos/genética , Genes de Plantas/genética , Genética Populacional , Glucose-6-Fosfato Isomerase/genética , Haplótipos/genética , Cadeias de Markov , Método de Monte Carlo , Plastídeos/genética , Polimorfismo Genético
14.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24490392

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To develop a Schistosoma japonicum antibody test kit (IHA). METHODS: According to the requirement of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) and Quality Control (QC) of drugs, the components of kit as well as its preparation method and procedure were studied, and the test kit was assembled and its diagnostic effect was assessed. RESULTS: The sensitivity and specificity were up to 94.49% and 97.14% when testing the serum samples of chronic schistosomiasis patients and normal serum samples by the kit, respectively. The Youden Index of the Kit was 0.92. The cross reaction rates with paragonimus and trichina were 15.00% and 10.00%, respectively. Compared with ELISA and another IHA kit produced by An'Ji company which were used to test schistosome antibody in residents of endemic areas at the same time, the coincident rates of the developed kit were 93.06% and 92.25%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The IHA kit for Schistosomajaponicum antibody has a high sensitivity and specificity, and has the value of application and popularization in the field.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/sangue , Kit de Reagentes para Diagnóstico , Schistosoma japonicum/imunologia , Animais , Testes de Hemaglutinação , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
15.
Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol ; 107(1): 560-4, 2010 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20148858

RESUMO

Upon binding agonist, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is dimerized and auto-phosphorylated to activate downstream pathway that induces diverse physiology and pathology processes. Conventional methods for evaluation of EGFR inhibitors are limited. This study describes a duplexed on-microbead binding assay allowing competitive EGFR inhibitors to be quantificationally evaluated in vitro. Polystyrene microbeads barcoded by fluoresceine isothiocyanate fluorescence as high brightness and low brightness microspheres were coated with receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligand-epidermal growth factor (EGF)/stem cell factor (SCF) and ATP/GTP, respectively. High and low brightness microbeads were mixed and incubated with EGFR and its competitive inhibitor in binding assay buffer. Phycoerythrin (PE) fluorescence-labelled antibody was employed to report the level of EGFR binding to EGF/SCF and ATP/GTP. Values were numbered via PE molecules assessed by quantitative flow cytometry. Results from this study demonstrated that incubation with EGFR identified by PE-labelled antibody can make EGF- and ATP-coated microbeads luminous. And EGF or ATP-competitive EGFR inhibitors, respectively, alleviated this in a concentration-dependent manner. Coating microbeads with SCF or GTP as a negative control cannot capture EGFR. The duplexed on-microbead binding assay in this study might be useful for discovering ligand- and ATP-competitive EGFR inhibitors in a rapid and quantificational approach.


Assuntos
Receptores ErbB/antagonistas & inibidores , Citometria de Fluxo/métodos , Ligação Proteica , Anticorpos Monoclonais/farmacologia , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Cetuximab , Proposta de Concorrência , Fator de Crescimento Epidérmico/metabolismo , Receptores ErbB/análise , Receptores ErbB/metabolismo , Cloridrato de Erlotinib , Humanos , Microesferas , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Quinazolinas/farmacologia
16.
Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi ; 22(1): 171-3, 2002 Feb.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12940064

RESUMO

Monitoring and controlling the quality of the titanium tetrachloride and sponge titanium by the infrared spectrum is the best and quickest method. But the titanium tetrachloride is easy to hydrolyze, the product of hydrolysis will rust the instrument and pollute the surroundings. So the infrared pool must be airtight. We devise an infrared pool that its airtight nature is good, it is not only easy to clear, but also can be used repeatedly. This infrared pool can be fit the above mentioned requests. When we use it to determine some impurities in the titanium tetrachloride good results have been obtained. This experiment will make easy to monitor and control the quality of the titanium tetrachloride and sponge titanium.


Assuntos
Espectrofotometria Infravermelho/instrumentação , Titânio/análise , Espectrofotometria Infravermelho/métodos , Titânio/química
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