Assessment of the quality, diagnosis, and therapeutic recommendations of clinical practice guidelines on patients with Helicobacter pylori infection: A systematic review.

We conducted this study to systematically review and assess the current clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) related to the diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. The aim was to evaluate the quality of these included CPGs and provide clinicians with a convenient and comprehensive reference for updating their own CPGs. We searched four databases to identify eligible CPGs focusing on H. pylori diagnosis and treatment recommendations. The results were presented using evidence mappings. Quality and clinical applicability were assessed comprehensively using AGREE-II and AGREE-REX. Statistical tests, specifically Bonferroni tests, were employed to compare the quality between evidence-based guidelines and consensus. A total of 30 eligible CPGs were included, comprising 17 consensuses and 13 guidelines. The quality showed no statistical significance between consensuses and guidelines, mainly within the moderate to low range. Notably, recommendations across CPGs exhibited inconsistency. Nevertheless, concerning diagnosis, the urea breath test emerged as the most frequently recommended method for testing H. pylori. Regarding treatment, bismuth quadruple therapy stood out as the predominantly recommended eradication strategy, with high-dose dual therapy being a newly recommended option. Our findings suggest the need for specific organizations to update their CPGs on H. pylori or refer to recently published CPGs. Specifically, CPGs for pediatric cases require improvement and updating, while a notable absence of CPGs for the elderly was observed. Furthermore, there is a pressing need to improve the overall quality of CPGs related to H. pylori. Regarding recommendations, additional evidence is essential to elucidate the relationship between H. pylori infection and other diseases and refine test indications. Clinicians are encouraged to consider bismuth quadruple or high-dose dual therapy, incorporating locally sensitive antibiotics, as empirical radical therapy. .

Financial investment risk prediction under the application of information interaction Firefly Algorithm combined with Graph Convolutional Network.

This paper improves the performance of the model by Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) and Firefly Algorithm (FA) to optimize the financial investment risk prediction model. It studies the application of GCN in financial investment risk prediction model and elaborates on the role of FA in the model. To further improve the accuracy of the prediction model, this paper optimizes and improves the FA and verifies the effectiveness of the optimized model through experiments. Experimental results show that the optimized model performs well in feature selection, and the optimal accuracy of feature selection reaches 91.9%, which is much higher than that of traditional models. Meanwhile, in the analysis of the number of iterations of the model, the performance of the optimized algorithm gradually tends to be stable. When the number of iterations is 30, the optimal value is found. In the simulation experiment, when an unexpected accident occurs, the prediction accuracy of the model decreases, but the prediction performance of the optimized algorithm proposed here is significantly higher than that of the traditional model. In conclusion, the optimized model has high accuracy and reliability in financial investment risk prediction, which provides strong support for financial investment decision-making. This paper has certain reference significance for the optimization of financial investment risk prediction model.

Assessment and projection of environmental impacts of food waste treatment in China from life cycle perspectives.

China produces vast amounts of food waste every year. However, the environmental impact of the current treatment of food waste and its potential for improvement are not very clear. Therefore, this study applied life cycle assessment to compare the current major treatment options for food waste and to systematically quantify the environmental impact of current and future food waste treatment in China based on the amount and treatment mode of food waste. In 2020, 125 million tons (Mt) of food waste was generated in China. Its treatment consumed 30.1 Mt oil-Eq of fossil fuels and 16.7 Mt of freshwater, and released 37.5 Mt of CO2-Eq. A promising finding was that if the proportion of food waste treated by anaerobic digestion exceeded 40% and landfilling was terminated by 2050, most impact categories would be reduced by more than 50%. Although anaerobic digestion is a potentially more environmentally friendly treatment option due to more output of energy and resources, it is worth noting that it consumed more freshwater than incineration and landfilling. Electricity consumption contributed more than 50% of the environmental burden of anaerobic digestion. Therefore, for the upstream of anaerobic digestion, China should further implement policies of waste classification and promote zero-waste cities, so that less impurities and more food waste would enter anaerobic digestion instead of landfills. Whereas downstream, the resource utilization of biogas and digestate enhance should be enhanced so as to strengthen the environmental sustainability of anaerobic digestion.