RESUMO
The HIV epidemic continues to be a major global public health issue. Since 2012, there has been a paucity of information from the Republic of the Congo on HIV incidence and prevalence rates, national HIV programme effectiveness, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) rollout, patient adherence to treatment, operational and basic science research studies on HIV/AIDS, and donor funding and its impact on the country. A review of the existing literature on HIV in the Republic of the Congo was conducted, focused on prevalence trends, effectiveness of the current national HIV programme, HAART rollout, patient adherence to antiretrovirals (ARVs), resistance to ARVs, the cost of treatment, and operational issues affecting HIV/AIDS programmes in the country. In light of the findings, several important priority areas for scaling-up HIV/AIDS services, programmatic and research activities in the Republic of the Congo are highlighted.