RESUMO
AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the short-term and long-term toxicity caused by radiation treatment in the head and neck with the technique of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). METHODS: We selected 20 patients, 18 men and 2 women aged between 21 and 71 years, undergoing radiation therapy (IMRT) in head and neck. Patients were visited during radiotherapy and followed for six months after the end of the therapy. We assessed the presence of: mucositis, xerostomia, dysgeusia, dysphagia, pain, trismus and, in the case of late-onset complications, radiation cavities. RESULTS: Acute toxicity: in 20 patients, 18 reported mucositis, 19 xerostomia, 17, dysgeusia, 15 dysphagia, 18 had pain and 3 patients had trismus. Tardive toxicity: in 14 patients, 5 reported mucositis, 11 xerostomia, 6 dysgeusia, 2 dysphagia, 3 had pain, 4 trismus and in 4 patients were found radiation cavities. CONCLUSION: Acute complications with higher prevalence were xerostomia (19 of 20 patients), dysgeusia of 2nd grade (11 patients of 20), mucositis of 1st grade and pain of 1st grade (10 patients of 20). Among the late complications it was noted a maintenance of the high prevalence of xerostomia (11 patients of 14) and an increase in prevalence of trismus (4 patients of 14) against a reduction of all other complications. The presence of radiation cavities in 4 patients of 14 was also recorded.
Assuntos
Transtornos de Deglutição/etiologia , Disgeusia/etiologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/radioterapia , Doenças da Boca/etiologia , Lesões por Radiação/etiologia , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada/efeitos adversos , Trismo/etiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Transtornos de Deglutição/epidemiologia , Transtornos de Deglutição/terapia , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Cárie Dentária/etiologia , Cárie Dentária/terapia , Gerenciamento Clínico , Relação Dose-Resposta à Radiação , Disgeusia/epidemiologia , Disgeusia/terapia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças da Boca/epidemiologia , Doenças da Boca/terapia , Prevalência , Lesões por Radiação/epidemiologia , Lesões por Radiação/terapia , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Trismo/epidemiologia , Trismo/terapia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The radical change in the health care service now going on for some years requires the commitment of medical specialists, as well as the acquisition of an adequate knowledge of the economic implications associated to the therapeutic choice. Among primary objectives of health care management in the field of breast cancer, the best cost-effective strategy and the rationalization and standardization of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, should be identified. Problems related to breast cancer are examined for effective, efficient and economic optimization.