RESUMO
The aim of this study was to describe and evaluate access to oral health services among adolescents enrolled in public schools of Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil, a large-size municipality in the Northeast of Brazil. An observational, descriptive, analytical, quantitative, and cross-sectional study was carried out through a school survey, in which four validated questionnaires were applied to 438 adolescents aged 12 to 19 years. Data were processed using the SPSS statistical software version 20.0, with bivariate analysis and multivariate analysis through Poisson regression. About 90.9% of adolescents reported having visited the dentist at least once; however, when considering the last 6 months, this percentage fell to 48.4%. Adolescents used private services (50.2%) or the public service (49.8%). About 70.6% of interviewees reported dental treatment (61.1%) as the main reason for seeking the service. Through multivariate analysis, it was observed that the demand for the service was higher among female adolescents (60.5%, p <0.001); the other variables did not present statistically significant differences. In conclusion, the access to oral healthcare services reported by adolescents was good, but there is still a considerable part of this population with no access. Variables that presented significant associated with dental services were gender and toothache history, but only gender remained significant in the multivariate model.
Assuntos
Assistência Odontológica/estatística & dados numéricos , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , Saúde Bucal , Setor Público , Instituições Acadêmicas , Fatores Sexuais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Odontalgia/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Objective: To know the training, practices and difficulties of Dentists in the care for Patients with Special Needs (PSN), in the Primary Health Care (PHC). Material and Methods: This is a Cross-sectional study with 44 Dentists. Some of the variables analyzed through the questionnaire were: dentistry specialty, PSN definition, undergraduate discipline on the subject, accomplishment of PSN care, difficulties, referral and accessibility. Data analysis was performed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and measures of central tendency and dispersion by Fisher's Exact Test (p < 0.05). Results: Only one professional investigated presented PSN Specialization. About 82.5% of professionals had graduation time of over 10 years, where 75% of professionals did not have Curricular Component (P=0.006) or training to deal with PSN (85.0%), despite working in primary care for more than 10 years (60%). The care of PSN in the Primary Health Care was performed by 77.5% of professionals, in which lack of care was justified mainly because dentists did not feel prepared to perform it (37.5%), and the main difficulty found in care, refers to the lack of cooperation of these patients (27.5%). All professionals reported to refer patients to reference services, but 12.5% did not perform a previous clinical examination in the PHC. The reference service most reported by professionals was the Dental Specialty Center (82.5%). Conclusion: Although the training received by professionals present deficiencies in relation to PSN, the majority reported to attend these patients in Primary Health Care Units, and considered to be able to supply their needs. The greatest difficulties found in the care of Patients with Special Needs are related to their approach. The lack of care of these patients was justified by the fact that Dentists did not feel prepared to perform.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Criança , Assistência Odontológica para a Pessoa com Deficiência , Odontólogos , Pessoas com Deficiência , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Brasil , Estudos Transversais/métodos , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Relações Dentista-Paciente , Capacitação Profissional , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
To make a comparative assessment of primiparous and multiparous mothers' knowledge about dental caries, access to information and use of dental services during pregnancy. This cross-sectional, quantitative study was conducted in a Reference Maternity center for the Seridó region of Rio Grande do Norte, with 100 women aged between 12 and 45 years, who answered a structured questionnaire. The majority of patients received information on oral health (70%) (p=0.24), but only 42% sought dental care during pregnancy (p = 0.45). The interviewees considered caries (80%) (p=0.80), a communicable disease (64%) (p=0.29) arising due to inadequate brushing (60%) (p=0.37). Pregnant women considered a brush with soft bristles and small head appropriate (59%) (p=0.83) and reported that the amount of toothpaste should extend over the entire brush (46%) (p=0.04). "Brush your teeth" was the most cited response (70.9%) in their speeches on caries prevention. In general the mothers in this study presented similar characteristics as regards knowledge about dental caries, access to information and use of dental services, however, there was significant difference between the groups for the variable quantity of toothpaste used. Nevertheless, some aspects such as the multifactorial etiology of dental caries, biofilm, use of dentifrices, and seeking information and dental services from the perspective or oral health prevention and promotion still need to be worked on among these mothers. These are simple aspects that must be considered in daily care by both pregnant and multiparous women
Avaliar, comparativamente, o conhecimento de mães primíparas e multíparas, sobre cárie dentária, acesso à informação e a busca por serviço odontológico durante a gestação Este estudo transversal e quantitativo foi realizado em uma Maternidade de Referência para a região do Seridó do Rio Grande do Norte, com 100 gestantes, entre 12 e 45 anos, que responderam ao formulário estruturado A maioria das gestantes recebeu informações sobre saúde bucal (70%) (p=0,24), mas apenas 42% buscaram atendimento odontológico durante a gravidez (p=0,45). As entrevistadas consideraram a cárie uma doença (80%) (p=0,80), transmissível (64%) (p=0,29) e que surge devido à escovação inadequada (60%) (p=0,37). As gestantes consideraram apropriada a escova com cerdas macias e cabeça pequena (59%) (p=0,83) e afirmaram que a quantidade de creme dental deve estender-se sobre toda a escova (46%) (p=0,04). “Escovar os dentes” foi a resposta mais citada (70,9%) em seus discursos sobre prevenção de cárie Mães primíparas e multíparas apresentaram, em geral, as mesmas características quanto ao conhecimento, ao acesso a informações e à busca por assistência odontológica. Houve diferença significativa entre os grupos apenas para a variável quantidade de dentifrício que se deve utilizar. Todavia, alguns aspectos como a etiologia multifatorial da cárie dentária, biofilme, uso de dentifrícios; bem como a busca por informações e serviços odontológicos em uma perspectiva de prevenção e promoção de saúde bucal ainda precisa ser trabalhado com estas mães; aspectos simples, mas que, devem ser praticados nos cuidados diários destas gestantes e puérperas
RESUMO
This study focused on factors related to nutritional risk in children over one year of age from low-income families in João Pessoa, Paraíba State, Northeast Brazil, and the frequency of related enamel defects. The study included 117 children, 56 at nutritional risk and 61 with normal growth. Nutritional evaluation, clinical dental examination, and interviews with mothers were conducted at the homes. Gestational and birth records were examined in the maternity hospital. Data were analyzed using the chi-square, Fisher's exact tests, and logistic regression. Enamel defects were associated with nutritional risk after the first year of life. Nutritional risk was associated with per capita family income, birth weight, and intrauterine growth index. These are relevant factors for individual nutritional planning and formation of dental enamel.
Assuntos
Esmalte Dentário/anormalidades , Transtornos da Nutrição do Lactente/complicações , Estado Nutricional/fisiologia , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Peso ao Nascer , Brasil/epidemiologia , Hipoplasia do Esmalte Dentário/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Transtornos da Nutrição do Lactente/epidemiologia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Mães , Estudos Prospectivos , Medição de RiscoRESUMO
O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar fatores associados ao risco nutricional ao longo do primeiro ano de vida em crianças de baixo nível sócio-econômico de João Pessoa, Paraíba, Região Nordeste do Brasil. E determinar a freqüência de defeitos do esmalte, associando-a ao risco nutricional. O estudo foi realizado com 117 crianças, 56 com risco nutricional e 61 eutróficas. Em domicílio, realizaram-se avaliação nutricional, exame clínico dos elementos dentais e entrevistas com as mães. Na maternidade, registraram-se informações dos períodos gestacional e de nascimento. Utilizaram-se os testes qui-quadrado, exato de Fisher e modelos de regressão logística. Os defeitos do esmalte estiveram associados ao risco nutricional após o primeiro ano de vida. O risco nutricional esteve associado à renda per capita, condições de peso ao nascimento e índice de crescimento intra-uterino. Conclui-se que na amostra investigada os defeitos do esmalte estiveram associados ao risco nutricional e este às condições sócio-econômicas desfavoráveis durante a gestação e o nascimento, sugerindo que estes são fatores relevantes na programação nutricional do indivíduo e na formação do esmalte dentário.
This study focused on factors related to nutritional risk in children over one year of age from low-income families in João Pessoa, Paraíba State, Northeast Brazil, and the frequency of related enamel defects. The study included 117 children, 56 at nutritional risk and 61 with normal growth. Nutritional evaluation, clinical dental examination, and interviews with mothers were conducted at the homes. Gestational and birth records were examined in the maternity hospital. Data were analyzed using the chi-square, Fisher's exact tests, and logistic regression. Enamel defects were associated with nutritional risk after the first year of life. Nutritional risk was associated with per capita family income, birth weight, and intrauterine growth index. These are relevant factors for individual nutritional planning and formation of dental enamel.