RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) illness is not well characterised in primary care. We estimated the burden of disease attributable to RSV in children in the UK between 1995 and 2009. DESIGN: Time-series regression modelling. SETTING: A multiple linear regression model based on weekly viral surveillance (RSV and influenza, Public Health England), and controlled for non-specific seasonal drivers of disease, estimated the proportion of general practitioner (GP) episodes of care (counted as first visit in a series within 28â days; Clinical Practice Research Datalink, CPRD), hospitalisations (Hospital Episode Statistics, HES) and deaths (Office of National Statistics, ONS) attributable to RSV each season. PARTICIPANTS: Children 0-17â years registered with a GP in CPRD, or with a respiratory disease outcome in the HES or ONS databases. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: RSV-attributable burden of GP episodes, hospitalisations and deaths due to respiratory disease by age. RSV-attributable burden associated with selected antibiotic prescriptions. RESULTS: RSV-attributable respiratory disease in the UK resulted in an estimated 450â 158 GP episodes, 29â 160 hospitalisations and 83 deaths per average season in children and adolescents, with the highest proportions in children <6â months of age (14â 441/100â 000 population, 4184/100â 000 and 6/100â 000, respectively). In an average season, there were an estimated 125â 478 GP episodes for otitis media and 416â 133 prescriptions for antibiotics attributable to RSV. More GP episodes, hospitalisations and deaths from respiratory disease were attributable to RSV than to influenza in children under 5â years. CONCLUSIONS: The burden of RSV in children in the UK exceeds that of influenza. RSV in children and adolescents contributes substantially to GP office visits for a diverse range of illnesses, and was associated with an average 416â 133 prescribed antibiotic courses per season. Effective antiviral treatments and preventive vaccines are urgently needed for the management of RSV infection in children. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01706302.