Assuntos
Comércio/tendências , Testes Genéticos , Temas Bioéticos , Comércio/ética , Doenças Genéticas Inatas/diagnóstico , Doenças Genéticas Inatas/genética , Testes Genéticos/economia , Testes Genéticos/ética , Testes Genéticos/legislação & jurisprudência , Testes Genéticos/tendências , Humanos , Opinião Pública , Autocuidado , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Assisting suicide is legal in Switzerland if it is offered without selfish motive to a person with decision-making capacity. Although the 'Swiss model' for suicide assistance has been extensively described in the literature, the formally and informally protected liberties and claims of assistors and recipients of suicide assistance in Switzerland are incompletely captured in the literature. In this article, we describe the package of rights involved in the 'Swiss model' using the framework of Hohfeldian rights as modified by Wenar. After outlining this framework, we dissect the rights involved in suicide assistance in Switzerland, and compare it with the situation in England and Germany. Based on this approach, we conclude that in Switzerland, claim rights exist for those requesting suicide assistance, and for those who are considering providing such assistance, even though no entitlements exist toward suicide assistance. We then describe the implementation of the 'Swiss model' and difficulties arising within it. Clarifying these issues is important to understand the Swiss situation, to evaluate what features of it may or may not be worth correcting or emulating, and to understand how it can impact requests for suicide assistance in other countries due to 'suicide tourism'. It is also important to understand exactly what sets Switzerland apart from other countries with different legislations regarding suicide assistance.
Assuntos
Comparação Transcultural , Eutanásia/ética , Política de Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Direitos Humanos , Suicídio Assistido/ética , Inglaterra , Eutanásia/legislação & jurisprudência , Alemanha , Humanos , Suicídio Assistido/legislação & jurisprudência , SuíçaAssuntos
Orçamentos , Regulamentação Governamental , Política , Indústria do Tabaco/economia , Humanos , SuíçaAssuntos
Sistemas Eletrônicos de Liberação de Nicotina , Indústria do Tabaco/ética , Sistemas Eletrônicos de Liberação de Nicotina/economia , Sistemas Eletrônicos de Liberação de Nicotina/ética , Sistemas Eletrônicos de Liberação de Nicotina/psicologia , Humanos , Fumar/economia , Fumar/mortalidade , Indústria do Tabaco/economia , Indústria do Tabaco/legislação & jurisprudência , Tabagismo/economia , Tabagismo/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Pesquisa Biomédica/ética , Conflito de Interesses , Ética Médica , Animais , Pesquisa Biomédica/economia , Humanos , ConfiançaRESUMO
One of the many important ethical issues raised by health care systems is how best to sustain equity. As conflicting individual interests are inevitable within a health care system, issues of fairness are bound to arise. Changes in the structure of a health care system are thus key events that can affect equity in important ways. Using the "Benchmarks of Fairness" approach, we assessed the possible effects of introducing selective contracting of physicians on the equity of the Swiss health care system. This approach yields a number of open questions that need to be further addressed if this proposed reform is to be implemented without diminishing the fairness of health care financing and delivery in Switzerland.