[Problem of occupational risk criteria and of evaluating compensations for workers].

The article covers problem of occupational risk criteria and compensation of health damage, with consideration of domestic and international experience.

[Occupational medicine documentation as a basis for improving approaches to risk assessment and to workers' social welfare]. / Sovershenstvovanie podkhodov k otsenke riska i sotsial'noi zashchite rabotnikov na osnove dokumentov MOT po meditsine truda.

The article covers materials on medical and social problems associated with up-to-date improving the occupational medical service.

[Problems of occupational risk. Evaluation and social welfare]. / Problema professional'nogo riska. Otsenka i sotsial'naia zashchita.

The authors suggested a complex evaluating occupational risk and tested it on enterprises belonging to various industries--machinery building, chemical, oil-processing, electronic, mining. The tests proved the complex to be useful in evaluation of health disorders probability. Integral parameters appeared to be the most valuable as considered not only occurrence, but also severity of the consequences. The study revealed high value of occupational morbidity, if assessed through morbidity with transitory disablement, in evaluation of occupational risk, as disability due to diseases associated with occupation is 2-4 times higher than occupational disability.

[Bases of risk management issues in health impairment in occupational medicine]. / Osnovy upravleniia riskom ushcherba zdorov'iu v meditsine truda.

Theoretical issues and practical implications of risk methodology as applied to occupational health with account for WHO, ILO and ISO concepts are discussed. Conceptual models of risk assessment, risk management and risk communication as well as hazard effective exposure approach and optimization criteria (min exposure and/or risk and optimum cost/benefit relation) are presented. Priority and urgency of risk management procedures are substantiated based on publications and standards of England, Germany, EC, etc for different grades of hazardness with numerical values of occupational morbidity index (N.F. Izmerov et al., 1993b) as quantitative measure of occupational risk for workers' health. The usefulness of risk methodology for occupational and environmental health with regard to more effective prophylaxis is stressed.

[Biologic monitoring of the health status of workers exposed to lead]. / K voprosu o biologicheskom monitoringe sostoianiia zdorov'ia rabotaiushchikh v kontakte so svintsom.

Use of biologic monitoring for workers exposed to lead is the most efficient means preventing lead intoxication all over the world. Considering WHO recommendations and personal research, the authors specified national system of biologic monitoring for workers exposed to lead. The system covers mandatory control of serum and urinary lead levels. The authors based biologic MAC for lead in serum-50 mg/dl (males) and 30 mg/dl (females).