Cephalometric assessment of vertical control in the treatment of class II malocclusion with a combined maxillary splint.

Vertical control is one of the primary objectives sought by orthodontists when treating malocclusions in hyperdivergent individuals. This investigation aimed at assessing vertical control, by cephalometric measurements, during the treatment of Angle Class II Division 1 malocclusion. Thirty cases, selected from the files of the São Leopoldo Mandic Dental Research Center, Brazil, of subjects with Angle Class II Division 1 malocclusion and facial hyperdivergence, were used in this study. The patients were treated using a combined extraoral appliance during a mean treatment time of 1.1 years. Pre- and posttreatment cephalometric measurements were compared to assess vertical control. The results were submitted to ANOVA (p = 5%). The ANOVA test revealed no statistically significant difference between the pretreatment and posttreatment values of OP (Occlusal plane angle) and SN.MP. While there was a decrease in Y-axis, FMA, and PP.MP, there was an increase in SN.PP, Co-Go, AFH, PFH, and FHI. It was concluded that the divergence in the facial lower third of the patients did not increase, suggesting that the combined extraoral appliance with the line of force application directed to the resistance center of the maxilla was effective in treating Angle Class II malocclusion in hyperdivergent subjects.

Cephalometric assessment of vertical control in the treatment of class II malocclusion with a combined maxillary splint

Vertical control is one of the primary objectives sought by orthodontists when treating malocclusions in hyperdivergent individuals. This investigation aimed at assessing vertical control, by cephalometric measurements, during the treatment of Angle Class II Division 1 malocclusion. Thirty cases, selected from the files of the São Leopoldo Mandic Dental Research Center, Brazil, of subjects with Angle Class II Division 1 malocclusion and facial hyperdivergence, were used in this study. The patients were treated using a combined extraoral appliance during a mean treatment time of 1.1 years. Pre- and posttreatment cephalometric measurements were compared to assess vertical control. The results were submitted to ANOVA (p = 5 percent). The ANOVA test revealed no statistically significant difference between the pretreatment and posttreatment values of OP (Occlusal plane angle) and SN.MP. While there was a decrease in Y-axis, FMA, and PP.MP, there was an increase in SN.PP, Co-Go, AFH, PFH, and FHI. It was concluded that the divergence in the facial lower third of the patients did not increase, suggesting that the combined extraoral appliance with the line of force application directed to the resistance center of the maxilla was effective in treating Angle Class II malocclusion in hyperdivergent subjects.

Avaliação cefalométrica de pacientes submetidos ao tratamento com posicionadores tipo Trainer - T4k / Cephalomeric assessment of of patients after treatment with Trainer positioners - T4k

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito dos posicionadores tipo Trainer - T4K sobre três grandezas cefalométricas. Trinta e quatro crianças, com idades entre 7 e 10 anos, foram selecionadas para a utilização ao longo de doze meses, e delas obtiveram-se duas telerradiografias, uma ao início e outra ao final do tratamento. Sobre elas foram confeccionados cefalogramas e compararam-se as grandezas Condíleo-A; Condíleo-Gnatio e Espinha Nasal Anterior-Mentoniano. Entre o grupo testado e o controle advindo da literarura, pôde-se observar o aumento estatisticamente validado das grandezas Co-Gn, (grupo masculino com p valor = 0,0000 e feminino = 0,003); Co-A (masculino com p = 0,0009 e feminino p = 0,314) e ENA-Me (masculino p = 0,0000 e feminino p = 0,0000). Conclui-se que o uso do aparelho não tem efeito na restrição do crescimento da maxila, mas parece provocar o aumento efetivo do crescimento da mandíbula e da dimensão vertical. É necessário o aprofundamento dos estudos para uma melhor indicação desta terapêutica.

Assessment of the nasolabial angle in young Brazilian black subjects with normal occlusion.

Black individuals present craniofacial characteristics which differ from those of other races, especially the white race, whose cephalometric analyses are usually considered as the standard in routine orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Further studies are therefore needed to enable more accurate and specific diagnoses for this ethnic group. The present study was conducted in order to assess average values for the nasolabial angle in young Brazilian black individuals with normal occlusion, and to assess the occurence of sexual dimorphism. Thirty-six lateral skull, extraoral radiographs from Brazilian black individuals were selected from the archives of the Scientific Recordings Department, Orthodontics Graduate Program, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP). The patients' ages varied from 10 to 14 years, they presented normal occlusion upon clinical examination, and had not been submitted to orthodontic treatment. The cephalometric landmarks from which the nasolabial angle was obtained and measured were traced by a single researcher. Statistical analysis and evaluation of the results led to the conclusion that the nasolabial angle of young Brazilian black individuals is sharper, i.e., the soft tissue profile is more protruded. The average value for the whole sample was 88.14 degrees +/- 12.52 degrees. The nasolabial angle was statistically smaller among females (p < 0.05), demonstrating the occurrence of sexual dimorphism.

Assessment of the nasolabial angle in young Brazilian black subjects with normal occlusion

Os indivíduos melanodermas possuem características craniofaciais diferentes das apresentadas pelas demais raças, principalmente por leucodermas que, normalmente, são considerados como padrão nas análises cefalométricas utilizadas rotineiramente no diagnóstico e planejamento dos tratamentos ortodônticos. São, portanto, necessárias novas pesquisas que permitam um diagnóstico mais acurado e específico para esse grupo étnico. Os pesquisadores desenvolveram esta pesquisa com o objetivo de verificar valores médios do ângulo nasolabial em jovens melanodermas brasileiros com oclusão clinicamente normal e de verificar a ocorrência de dimorfismo sexual. Foram selecionadas 36 telerradiografias de cabeça, tomadas em norma lateral, de indivíduos brasileiros melanodermas, na faixa etária de 10 a 14 anos, de ambos os sexos, com oclusão clinicamente normal e que nunca se submeteram a tratamento ortodôntico, provenientes dos arquivos do Setor de Documentação Científica do Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ortodontia da Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Sobre essas radiografias foram delimitados os pontos e as linhas que dão origem ao ângulo nasolabial, o qual foi traçado e medido por um único pesquisador. Após análise estatística e avaliação dos resultados, concluiu-se que o ângulo nasolabial em indivíduos jovens brasileiros melanodermas apresenta-se mais agudo, ou seja, o perfil tegumentar apresenta-se mais protruso. Os valor médio obtido para a amostra toda foi 88,14º ± 12,52º. O ângulo nasolabial foi estatisticamente menor no sexo feminino (p < 0,05), demonstrando a existência de dimorfismo sexual.