ISupport-Brasil: Preliminary results of the usability and acceptability assessment by caregivers of people who have dementia.

Objective: To assess usability and acceptability of iSupport-Brasil (iSupport-BR) to virtually support family caregivers of people who have dementia. Materials and methods: In the first stage, nine caregivers/former caregivers assessed the interface of the platform that hosts iSupport-BR. In the second stage, 10 caregivers assessed acceptability of the platform and answered the System Usability Scale (SUS), which varies from 0 to 100 points. A descriptive analysis of the quantitative data was performed, as well as a thematic analysis on the open questions. All the ethical aspects were respected. Results: The results of the first stage indicated a user-friendly interface of the system and relevant content of the program, with 55.6 and 77.8% of the participants assigning the maximum grade to these questions, respectively. Of the five possible points, the system's mean score was 3.7. In Stage 2, 80% of the caregivers rated the program as very useful and 100% would recommend it to other caregivers. Perception of the program's usability by the SUS scale was excellent (M = 86.5 ± 11.5). Conclusion: This research allowed elaborating the final version of iSupport-BR, considering usability and acceptability of the platform and the program for computers/notebooks, being a pioneer in evaluating it for use in smartphones. Future research studies will have to assess the effects of iSupport-BR on the caregivers' mental health.

Life cycle comparative assessment of pet bottle waste management options: A case study for the city of Bauru, Brazil.

This study analyzed the environmental impacts of nine scenarios for Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottle waste disposal, in the city of Bauru, Brazil. Nine scenarios were considered in this study: (1) current (base) scenario (96.4% of PET waste is sent to landfill, 3.6% is sent to sorting cooperatives); (2) 50% to sorting cooperatives, 50% to landfill; (3) 50% to sorting cooperatives, 50% to incineration; (4) 50% to landfill, 50% to incineration; (5) 100% to sorting cooperatives (keeping the current collection distribution); (6) 100% to landfill; (7) 100% to incineration; (8) and (9) 100% sent to sorting cooperatives, with changes in the collection scheme. Life cycle assessment was implemented to compute the impacts for each scenario and compare their environmental performances. The results have shown that recycling is a better option than incineration across all impact categories analyzed. Landfilling had lower net impacts than incineration in all categories, except for ozone depletion and freshwater eutrophication. All recycling scenarios proposed outperformed the current scenario in all impact categories. Even though recycling presents itself as an environmentally-promising alternative, much work still needs to be done for its successful implementation, such as promoting source-separation at home and improving the management strategies of recycling cooperatives, including additional funding and training to support an increased sorting capacity.

Estimates of infection and mortality from COVID-19 in care homes for older people in Brazil / Estimativas de infecção e mortalidade por COVID-19 em lares de idosos no Brasil

OBJECTIVE: To describe infection and mortality rates associated with COVID-19 in older people living in Brazilian care homes. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using primary and secondary data sources. Nationwide care home administrators were invited to report, via an online questionnaire, the occurrence of infection and mortality associated with COVID-19 from April to August 2020. State Public Prosecutor Offices, State Health Departments, and the Unified Social Security System were also contacted for information. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Data were collected from 2154 care homes located in 14 states, covering 59878 older residents. The incidence rate of COVID-19 was 6.57%, and 883 deaths were recorded in the period, with a case-fatality rate of 22.44%. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence and mortality rates observed in this study were lower than those observed in other (high-income) countries. Data sources related to COVID-19 outbreaks in Brazilian care homes are currently limited to self-report. Structuring and systematizing data recording and reporting in these settings is essential to better understand the spread of the virus and to protect care home residents in Brazil.

OBJETIVO: Descrever as taxas de infecção e mortalidade associadas a COVID-19 em idosos residentes em lares geriátricos brasileiros. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal descritivo, utilizando fontes primárias e secundárias de dados. Os administradores de lares geriátricos em todo o país foram convidados a relatar, por meio de um questionário online, a ocorrência de infecção e mortalidade associadas a COVID-19 de abril a agosto de 2020. Os gabinetes dos Procuradores Regionais da República, as Secretarias Estaduais de Saúde e o Sistema Único de Assistência Social também foram contatados para informações. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. RESULTADOS: Foram coletados os dados de 2154 lares de idosos localizados em 14 estados, cobrindo 59 878 idosos residentes. A taxa de incidência de COVID-19 foi de 6,57%, e foram registrados 883 óbitos no período, com uma taxa de letalidade dos casos de 22,44%. CONCLUSÕES: As taxas de incidência e mortalidade observadas neste estudo foram inferiores às observadas em outros países (de alta renda). As fontes de dados relacionadas a surtos de COVID-19 em lares geriátricos brasileiros são atualmente limitadas a autorrelato. Estruturar e sistematizar o registro e a notificação de dados nesses locais é essencial para um melhor entendimento da disseminação do vírus e para a proteção dos residentes de lares geriátricos no Brasil.

Dataset for life cycle assessment of pet bottle waste management options in Bauru, Brazil.

This paper contains a dataset and spreadsheet with the inventory, calculations and results for the Life Cycle Assessment of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottle waste management options in Bauru, Brazil. Data for the Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) was collected in situ at sorting cooperatives, through interviews with municipal authorities, and through literature review. Data analysis was performed using the SimaPro v8.0 software for assessment of environmental impacts, using the ReCiPe midpoint hierarchical method. The data and results contained in the spreadsheet are divided as follows: worksheet 1 provides a title page with the reference to this article; worksheet 2 provides the impact values for the impact categories considered; worksheet 3 presents the impact values for all collection and transportation fleets; worksheets 4 to 7 provide the impacts for each process and each stage (operation, emissions, and construction) for the case where: waste PET is disposed of in a landfill and the treated sludge is composted (worksheet 4); waste PET is incinerated (worksheet 5); waste PET is sent to sorting cooperatives and the reject is landfilled (worksheet 6); waste PET is sent to sorting cooperatives and the reject is incinerated (worksheet 7); worksheets 8 to 16 contain the impacts for each stage and the total impact for scenarios 1 to 9, which are combinations of the processes presented in worksheets 4 to 7, and the collection and transportation calculations for each scenario; worksheet 17 presents a summary of the net impact and the impact for each stage for all scenarios and all impact categories considered; worksheet 18 contains the impacts for each process and each stage for the case where waste PET is disposed of in a landfill, and the treated sludge is landfilled. The data in this paper are suitable for waste management researchers and professionals.

Changing lifestyle for dementia risk reduction: Inductive content analysis of a national UK survey.

OBJECTIVE: To explore what motivates individuals to change their behaviour to reduce their risk of dementia. METHODS: We conducted secondary qualitative analysis of a UK-based online survey on motivation to change lifestyle and health behaviour for dementia risk reduction. Participants were recruited through social media, the Join Dementia Research network and the National Institute for Health Research Portfolio. Free-text comments from people aged ≥50 years were analysed by two researchers independently using inductive content analysis. Inter-rater agreement was measured through Cohen's Kappa coefficient. RESULTS: Of the 3,948 participants completing the survey, 653 provided free text comments that were included in the analysis (Mean age = 64.1; SD = 8.3 years). The majority of the sample were women (n = 459; 70.3%), Caucasian (n = 625; 95.7%) and married/in partnership (n = 459; 70.3%). Three overarching themes were identified: (1) motivators to changing lifestyle; (2) barriers for lifestyle change; and, (3) quality of the information received. The inter-rater reliability of the coding was high (k = 0.7). Having a family history of dementia or feeling like they had a healthy lifestyle already were motivating factors for behaviour change. Having competing health priorities other than dementia and caring for someone acted as de-motivators as they reduced the time available to dedicate to one's own health. Evidence-based information around dementia prevention was a motivator, but commonly the information was not trusted. DISCUSSION: Aligned with the World Health Organisation (WHO) mandate on dementia prevention, community health campaigns targeting population awareness around behaviour change and dementia risk factor reduction are urgently needed. To be successful, such campaigns will need to be accompanied by individual approaches that can overcome age-related barriers and individual differences in motivation levels, personal barriers and trust in the information received.

Comparative environmental and economic life cycle assessment of high solids anaerobic co-digestion for biosolids and organic waste management.

High-Solids Anaerobic co-Digestion (HS-AcD) of sewage sludge (biosolids) with the organic fraction of municipal solid waste is a promising waste management alternative due to high methane yields, lower reactor volume requirements, lower energy inputs, and less leachate production than liquid anaerobic digestion. This study evaluated the environmental and economic burdens and benefits of HS-AcD of biosolids, Food Waste (FW), and Yard Waste (YW) using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) methods using Hillsborough County, Florida in the U.S. as a case study. Results for HS-AcD were compared with incineration, composting, and landfilling, with and without landfill gas use. The results showed that HS-AcD of a mixture of biosolids, FW, and YW had the lowest environmental impacts in all categories analyzed (global warming potential, acidification, eutrophication, and ecotoxicity). In terms of economics, HS-AcD had the lowest life cycle cost, with or without considering land acquisition. The results show that HS-AcD is the best choice to manage biosolids and the organic waste in Hillsborough County in terms of both environmental and economic sustainability.

Inter-relação das ações de educação em saúde no contexto da estratégia saúde da família: percepções do enfermeiro / Interrelación de las acciones de educación en salud en el contexto de la estrategia de salud familiar: percepción de las enfermeras / Interrelationship of health education actions in the context of the family health strategy: nurses’ perceptions

Objetivo: conhecer as percepções do enfermeiro acerca da inter-relação das ações de educação em saúde (ES) no contexto da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Método: Estudo de cunho qualitativo em uma abordagem descritivo-exploratório com 15 enfermeiros da zona urbana de um município maranhense. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (Uema), por meio do Parecer no 974.947. Resultados: Foram divididos em categorias: atividades educativas desenvolvidas na ESF; repercussão das ações sobre a comunidade; dificuldades e estratégias inerentes às ações educativas; autoavaliação do enfermeiro enquanto educador em saúde. Conclusão: A ação educativa constitui-se em atividade inerente ao trabalho do enfermeiro, cujas ações estão inter-relacionadas em torno de um objetivo comum: a promoção da saúde (PS) da população.

Objective: know the perceptions of nurses about the interrelationship of health education actions in the context of family health strategy. Methods: Qualitative nature study in a descriptive exploratory approach with 15 nurses from the urban area of a municipality Maranhão. The project was approved by the Ethics Committee in Research of the State University of Maranhão through the opinion No. 974,947. Results:They were divided into categories: educational activities in family health strategy; impact of actions on the community; difficulties and strategies inherent educational activities; self-assessment of nurses as health educator. Conclusion: The educational activity constitutes activity inherent in the work of nurses, whose actions are interrelated around a common objective, the promotion of health.

Objetivo: conocer las percepciones de los enfermeros sobre la interrelación de las acciones de educación para la salud en el contexto de la estrategia de salud de la familia. Métodos: Estudio de naturaleza cualitativa en un enfoque exploratorio descriptivo con 15 enfermeras de la zona urbana de un municipio Maranhão. El proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación de la Universidad del Estado de Maranhão a través de la opinión No 974.947. Resultados: Ellos fueron divididos en categorías: las actividades educativas en la estrategia de salud de la familia; impacto de las acciones en la comunidad; dificultades y estrategias de actividades educativas inherentes; autoevaluación de las enfermeras como educador de la salud. Conclusión: La actividad educativa constituye la actividad inherente a la labor de las enfermeras, cuyas acciones están relacionados entre sí en torno a un objetivo común, la promoción de la salud.

Atuação dos enfermeiros de unidades básicas de saúde direcionada aos adolescentes com excesso de peso nas escolas / Primary health care nurses' actions aimed at overweight adolescents in schools / Actuación de enfermeros de unidades primarias de salud con adolescentes que tienen sobrepeso en las escuelas

Objetivou-se identificar a percepção dos enfermeiros das Unidades Básicas de Saúde sobre sua atuação na avaliação para excesso de peso emadolescentes nas escolas. Estudo descritivo, qualitativo, realizado em Natal-RN com quatro enfermeiras de unidades básicas de saúde cujo territórioabrangia escolas estaduais. Os dados foram colhidos por entrevista e analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo. Foram identificados quatrotemas que representam as percepções das enfermeiras sobre a atividade: dificuldade no acompanhamento do adolescente na Atenção Primáriaem Saúde; causas do crescimento do excesso de peso na adolescência; ações de saúde nas escolas; e prevenção/identificação/intervençãono excesso de peso em adolescentes nas escolas. Existiam lacunas na atuação dessas enfermeiras junto aos adolescentes, especialmente napromoção da saúde, prevenção e tratamento do excesso de peso, uma vez que se isentavam de agir e transferiam a responsabilidade para outrosprofissionais. A falta de articulação entre os serviços de saúde e as instituições educacionais constitui um fator limitante para a assistência aoadolescente na atenção primária em saúde.

The aim of this study was to identify primary health care nurses’ perception on their performance in the health status assessment of overweightadolescents in schools. This is a descriptive, qualitative study. It was conducted in Natal-RN with four nurses who worked in primary health careunits whose territory encompassed a number of state schools. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews. The data werethen analyzed by using the technique of content analysis (theme coding). The following thematic categories were identified on the role of nurses inthe assessment of overweight at schools: a) difficulty of monitoring adolescents in primary health care; b) causes for the increase of overweight inadolescence; c) health actions developed in schools; d) overweight prevention, identification and intervention in adolescents at school. Our studyrevealed gaps in nurses’ performance related to the monitoring of adolescents. The interviewees held other professionals accountable for theproblem and exempted themselves from the obligation to implement actions, such as health promotion, disease prevention or treatment. The lackof articulation between health services and educational institutions is a limiting factor for the provision of care to adolescents in primary care units.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar la percepción de los enfermeros de unidades primarias de salud sobre su actuación en las escuelas enla evaluación del exceso de peso en adolescentes. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo cualitativo llevado a cabo en Natal/RN con cuatro enfermerasde unidades primarias de salud cuya área de alcance incluía escuelas estatales. Los datos fueron recogidos en entrevistas y analizados según latécnica de análisis de contenido. Fueron identificados cuatro temas que representan las percepciones de las enfermeras sobre su tarea: dificultaden el seguimiento del adolescente en la atención primaria; causas de aumento de sobrepeso en la adolescencia; acciones de salud en las escuelas; yacciones de prevención/identificación/intervención en las escuelas en el sobrepeso en adolescentes. Hay lagunas en la actuación de las enfermerascon los adolescentes, especialmente en promoción de la salud, prevención y tratamiento del sobrepeso pues evitaban intervenir y le pasaban laresponsabilidad a otros profesionales. La falta de articulación entre los servicios de salud y las instituciones educacionales es un factor limitadorpara tratar a adolescentes en la atención primaria de la salud.

Cuidado ao idoso em Campinas-SP: estudo qualitativo com gestores e representantes políticos / Care to the elderly in Campinas-SP: qualitative study of managers and politicians / Atención a los ancianos en Campinas-SP: estudio cualitativo envolviendo administradores y políticos

O estudo busca identificar, descrever e analisar as práticas pertinentes à saúde do idoso na cidade de Campinas-SP, na perspectiva de representantes da saúde do idoso, tendo como base a Política Nacional de Saúde à Pessoa Idosa. Estudo qualitativo, com análise temática de conteúdo, na perspectiva de sujeitos que assumem funções estratégicas na condução da política direcionada ao idoso no município. A partir dos depoimentos dos sujeitos emergiram cinco temas centrais: tempos e lugares; condições de acesso; demandas da população; recursos humanos; promoção à saúde e prevenção de doenças e agravos; gestão. As práticas voltadas à saúde do idoso em Campinas estão em desenvolvimento e precisam ser avaliadas, ampliadas e sistematizadas, tanto nas questões estruturais de recursos humanos, financiamento e gestão, quanto na atenção direta ao idoso.

The study aimed to identify, describe and analyze the practices carried out in the health of the elderly in the city of Campinas-SP, in the perspective of the health government representatives of the elderly, based on the National Policies. This is a qualitative study with thematic content analysis, from the perspective of individuals who assume strategic roles in the conduct of policy directed to the elderly in the county. Five central themes emerged from their comments: time and places; access conditions; population demands; human resources; health promotion and prevention of diseases and disorders; management. Health practices for the elderly health in Campinas-SP are in development, need to be evaluated, extended and systematized in both, the structural issues of human resources, finance and management, and in direct assistance to the elderly.

El estudio busca identificar, describir y analizar las prácticas llevadas a cabo en la salud de las personas mayores en la ciudad de Campinas-SP, en la perspectiva de representantes de la salud de los ancianos, basado en el Política Nacional. Estudio cualitativo con análisis de contenido temático, desde la perspectiva de las personas que asumen roles estratégicos en la conducción de la política dirigida a las personas mayores en el condado. A partir de sus declaraciones, fueran identificados cinco temas centrales: tiempo lugares; condiciones de acceso; demandas de la población; recursos humanos; promoción de la salud y prevención de enfermedades y trastornos; gestión. Las practicas de salud para los ancianos en Campinas-SP se encuentran en desarrollo, necesitan ser evaluadas, ampliadas y sistematizadas, tanto en los aspectos estructurales de los recursos humanos, finanzas y administración, así como en la asistencia directa a las personas mayores.

Projeto de extensão de Yoga: auxiliando na formação profissional e acadêmica do estudante de graduação em Educação Física / Yoga Project: Contributing to academic and professional formation of student of Physical Education

O programa de extensão de Yoga realizado na UNESP ? Rio Claro teve início em 2006 e é constituído por três grupos. As aulas são de 60 minutos de duração duas vezes por semana, focadas em trabalhar o corpo físico, com base nas posturas psicofísicas do Yoga, aliadas a exercícios respiratórios e de relaxamento. Procura através deste método proporcionar bem estar físico e mental favorecendo a manutenção e melhora de aspectos psicológicos dos alunos, que são predominantemente pessoas da universidade e da comunidade de Rio Claro. Resultados positivos foram obtidos nos estudos sobre motivação e estados de ânimo feitos com esses grupos. O programa possibilita ainda uma vivência pedagógica dos alunos do curso de Educação Física interessados nessa área e o desenvolvimento de projetos de pesquisa auxiliando na formação profissional e acadêmica do estudante de graduação.

The extension program of Yoga at UNESP ? Rio Claro began in 2006 and constitutes of 3 classes that are 60 minutes long twice a week, focus in a physical work out, through Yoga psychophysical postures, along with breathing exercises and relaxation and seeks through this method to provide physical and mental well-being, favoring the maintenance and improvement of students? psychological aspects, which are predominantly people from the university and the community of Rio Claro. Positive results were obtained in studies on motivation and moods made with these groups. The program also allows an experience teaching students of Physical Education who are interesting in this area of study. It also allows the educational experience for students of physical education and the development of a lot research projects.

[Care to the elderly in Campinas-SP: qualitative study of managers and politicians]. / Cuidado ao idoso em Campinas-SP: estudo qualitativo com gestores e representantes políticos.

The study aimed to identify, describe and analyze the practices carried out in the health of the elderly in the city of Campinas-SP, in the perspective of the health government representatives of the elderly, based on the National Policies. This is a qualitative study with thematic content analysis, from the perspective of individuals who assume strategic roles in the conduct of policy directed to the elderly in the county. Five central themes emerged from their comments: time and places; access conditions; population demands; human resources; health promotion and prevention of diseases and disorders; management. Health practices for the elderly health in Campinas-SP are in development, need to be evaluated, extended and systematized in both, the structural issues of human resources, finance and management, and in direct assistance to the elderly.