Oral health-related quality of life in the LGBTIQ+ population: a cross-sectional study.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the associations between oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and socioeconomic and demographic variables, suicidal ideation, self-perception of oral health, and experiences of dental care in the Brazilian adult LGBTIQ+ population. A sample of 464 participants completed self-administered online questionnaires and provided information for OHRQoL assessment, using the OHIP-14 instrument at three hierarchical levels of explanatory variables: LGBTIQ+ identities; socioeconomic and demographic data and existential suffering; and self-perception of oral health and experience of dental care. The collected data were fitted to hierarchical multiple logistic regression models, in which the associations between each independent variable with the OHIP-14 prevalence outcome were analyzed. The OHIP-14-prevalence index showed that 33.2% of the participants answered 'frequently' or 'always', and the highest frequencies were obtained for the psychological discomfort (27.8%), psychological disability (18.3%), and physical pain (17.5%) domains. According to the adjusted final model, LGBTIQ+ individuals who were more likely to have their OHRQoL affected were those who were indifferent (OR=3.21; 95% CI: 1.26-8.20), dissatisfied (OR=10.45; 95% CI: 3.86-28.26), or very dissatisfied (OR=53.93; 95% CI: 12.12-239.93) with their oral health status, and also those who had or have difficulty accessing dental treatment (OR=2.06; 95% CI: 1.24-3.41) (p<0.05). It may be concluded that the OHRQoL of the investigated Brazilian LGBTIQ+ population showed associations with individual aspects and with access to dental services.

Sala de espera em extensão: Aedes Aegypti em foco / Waiting room in extension: Aedes Aegypti in focus

O presente estudo, um relato de experiência moldado à técnica qualitativa-descritiva e estruturado sob estratégia narrativa, traz em seu objetivo a descrição de um relato de experiência vivenciado pelo Projeto de Extensão Sala de Espera (UFJF/GV) na UAPS Esperança do município de Governador Valadares, MG. Norteada pela demanda do serviço local, coube à equipe extensionista o desenvolvimento de uma atividade, de cunho educativo-preventivo, abarcando o tema O controle do Aedes aegypti. A dinâmica das ações foi sistematizada em três tempos sequenciados: "O pensar", "O fazer" e "O refletir". Da experiência foram levantados pontos positivos (ambientalização; quantidade de usuários; receptividade e/ou participação da equipe profissional da UAPS; presença do corpo docente como observadores; interpessoalidade e valorização do conhecimento da população) e negativos (dificuldade em lidar com os ruídos do ambiente; falta da construção de um instrumento de avaliação; necessidade de se criar uma identificação do grupo). Em conclusão, além de reconhecer nesse espaço a sensibilização dos usuários em espera frente ao assunto abordado, enfoca-se o papel da extensão universitária em prol de uma formação acadêmica mais contextualizada e humanizada. Afinal, extensão é isso, inserir vida no ensino superior, é dinamizar espaços em prol da almejada coletividade.

This study of an experience report molded by qualitative descriptive technique and structured in narrative strategy brings in its goal the description of an experience report in a Waiting Room Extension Project (UFJF/GV) on UAPS-Esperança municipality Governador Valadares, MG. Guided by local service demand, the team extension performs the development of an activity of educational and preventive nature, covering the topic "control of Aedes Aegypti". The dynamics of the actions was systematized in three sequenced times: "Thinking", "What to do" and "The Reflection". There were positive points raised from the experience (environmentalization; number of users; receptivity and/or participation of the professional team of UAPS; presence of the faculty as observers; interpersonal and enhancement of people's knowledge) and negative points raised (difficulty in giving you the ambient noise; lack of building an assessment tool; need to create a group identification). In conclusion, besides recognizing this space, the awareness of users' waiting in the subject matter, the role of the university extension focuses on the support of a more contextualized and humanized academic training. After all, this extension is to insert life in higher education as a more dynamic space for the community.

Twenty-six years of HIV science: an overview of anti-HIV drugs metabolism / Regulamento de medicamentos fitoterápicos no Brasil: avanços e perspectivas

From the identification of HIV as the agent causing AIDS, to the development of effective antiretroviral drugs, the scientific achievements in HIV research over the past twenty-six years have been formidable. Currently, there are twenty-five anti-HIV compounds which have been formally approved for clinical use in the treatment of AIDS. These compounds fall into six categories: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NtRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), protease inhibitors (PIs), cell entry inhibitors or fusion inhibitors (FIs), co-receptor inhibitors (CRIs), and integrase inhibitors (INIs). Metabolism by the host organism is one of the most important determinants of the pharmacokinetic profile of a drug. Formation of active or toxic metabolites will also have an impact on the pharmacological and toxicological outcomes. Therefore, it is widely recognized that metabolism studies of a new chemical entity need to be addressed early in the drug discovery process. This paper describes an overview of the metabolism of currently available anti-HIV drugs.

Da identificação do HIV como o agente causador da AIDS, ao desenvolvimento de fármacos antirretrovirais eficazes, os avanços científicos na pesquisa sobre o HIV nos últimos vinte e seis anos foram marcantes. Atualmente, existem vinte e cinco fármacos anti-HIV formalmente aprovados pelo FDA para utilização clínica no tratamento da AIDS. Estes compostos são divididos em seis classes: inibidores nucleosídeos de transcriptase reversa (INTR), inibidores nucleotídeos de transcriptase reversa (INtTR), inibidores não-nucleosídeos de transcriptase reversa (INNTR), inibidores de protease (IP), inibidores da entrada celular ou inibidores de fusão (IF), inibidores de co-receptores (ICR) e inibidores de integrase (INI). O metabolismo consiste em um dos maiores determinantes do perfil farmacocinético de um fármaco. A formação de metabólitos ativos ou tóxicos terá impacto nas respostas farmacológicas ou toxicológicas do fármaco. Portanto, é amplamente reconhecido que estudos do metabolismo de uma nova entidade química devem ser realizados durante as fases iniciais do processo de desenvolvimento de fármacos. Este artigo descreve uma abordagem do metabolismo dos fármacos anti-HIV atualmente disponíveis na terapêutica.

[Evaluation of the reduction of the visible plaque index and of the gum bleeding index in a program of oral health promotion for children]. / Avaliação da redução do índice de placa visível e do índice de sangramento gengival em uma prática de promoção de saúde bucal com crianças.

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the reduction of the VPI (visible plaque index) and of the GBI (gum bleeding index) in children seen at a unit of SUS, in the state of Rio de Janeiro. A comparative and statistical procedure (t-test, by means of the GMC program) was employed in order to assess the variation between initial and final mean VPI and GBI values. Initial values were registered in the beginning of the assistance program, and final values were registered after the children had participated in health promotion activities, which included weekly supervised brushing sessions, individual dietary guidance, collective instructive activities in which parents were present, adjusting of the oral environment, as well as restorative and surgical dental care, during an average period of six months. The studied sample comprised fourty-two children, with an average age of nine years, who presented an average of four teeth affected by caries. The technique of indirect documentation, by means of documental research, was employed. The following results were obtained: initial VPI = 29%; final VPI = 11%; initial GBI = 13% and final GBI = 5%. The observed variations were statistically significant at the level of 1%, which was revealed by the applied statistical test. The program proved efficient as to plaque control, reducing VPI to a more acceptable level. Although GBI presented considerable reduction, the presence of bleeding at the end of the program calls for a better approach in motivating patients as to regular oral hygiene.