RESUMO
BACKGROUND/SIGNIFICANCE: Substance use is a public health concern in the United States. Hispanic men in the United States experience disproportionate rates of substance use when compared to other ethnic groups. Previous research with the general population of Hispanic men has identified factors that are related and may contribute to substance use. In addition, Hispanic men who have sex with men (HMSM) may experience additional social factors that may result in substance use. Despite the body of research on substance use among Hispanic men, no study to date has compared the substance use behaviors of Hispanic men by sexual orientation. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare the substance use behaviors of Hispanic men by sexual orientation. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive design was used to collect data from 164 community-dwelling Hispanic men (i.e., 77 heterosexual men and 87 HMSM) who resided in the South Florida area. Participants completed standardized measures of substance use and demographic characteristics. RESULTS: Findings suggested that heterosexual men had higher rates of substance use when compared to MSM. No differences were found among the two groups of men in terms of alcohol intoxication. Religion, education, and income were not predictors of substance use. When health insurance status was controlled, MSM were less likely to report substance use. IMPLICATIONS: As a population, Hispanic men continue to experience health disparities in terms of substance use. Because substance use renders Hispanic men at risk for other health issues, more research is needed to understand the co-occurring health disparities experienced by Hispanic men who reside in the United States.
RESUMO
More than one million Americans have been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Advances in prevention and treatment of HIV have led to an increased life expectancy for patients with HIV infection. Due to their increased life span, HIV+ patients are now presenting to hospitals with an increased number of diverse late-stage complications, such as cardiomyopathy and other cardiovascular conditions. These complications are as a direct or indirect result of HIV disease, HIV treatment modalities, comorbid conditions, dietary and lifestyle factors, and unknown etiologies. Cardiac complications, particularly HIV-related dilated cardiomyopathy, are potentially life-threatening diagnoses, with symptoms that may be minimized with appropriate cardiac-specific assessments and treatments, patient teaching, and collaboration among nurses caring for the HIV-positive client with cardiac disease.
Assuntos
Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/virologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/virologia , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Negro ou Afro-Americano/estatística & dados numéricos , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/diagnóstico , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/epidemiologia , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/terapia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/terapia , Enfermagem em Saúde Comunitária , Assistência Integral à Saúde , Eletrocardiografia , Saúde Global , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Infecções por HIV/psicologia , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde , Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Papel do Profissional de Enfermagem , Avaliação em Enfermagem , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Fatores de Risco , Abuso de Substâncias por Via Intravenosa/complicações , Recusa do Paciente ao Tratamento , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
The practice of storing and dispensing medications by providers at an inner city neighborhood health center that serves predominantly ethnic minority clients was terminated due to accreditation regulations. This practice promoted adherence since many clients did not want to receive medications by mail at home due to confidentiality concerns or were unwilling to present to their local pharmacy due to fear of discrimination related to HIV status. The purpose of this paper is to describe an alternative means to access HIV medications in a safe and supportive environment for clients confronted with cultural and social barriers through a unique collaboration between an HIV specialty care program and HIV specialty pharmacy.
Assuntos
Fármacos Anti-HIV/provisão & distribuição , Serviços Comunitários de Farmácia/organização & administração , Confidencialidade , Continuidade da Assistência ao Paciente/normas , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente/normas , Adulto , Serviços Comunitários de Farmácia/economia , Continuidade da Assistência ao Paciente/economia , Custos e Análise de Custo , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos Organizacionais , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente/economia , Filosofia Médica , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Programas Médicos Regionais/organização & administração , Apoio Social , Estados UnidosRESUMO
This paper reports data on health related behaviors and cancer screening from the Boston Lesbian Health Project II (BLHP II), a replication of a national survey of lesbians on a variety of health-related variables completed in 1987. The findings suggest that lesbians have increased their use of primary care, including routine physical examinations, pap smear screening for cervical cancer, and mammography for breast cancer, but that rates continue to be lower than would be expected for women in general. Younger lesbians in this sample smoked at high rates. Smoking rates continue to be of concern in other age groups, although they are lower than national data from women in general. BLHP II data confirm other findings that lesbians are more likely to drink alcohol and to drink more heavily than other women. Implications for health care of lesbians and future research with this population are discussed.