RESUMO
The treatment of age-related macular degeneration with anti-VEGF medications has resulted not only in significant improvements in eye treatment but also in rising costs of ophthalmological therapy. This new treatment has been rapidly introduced into daily practice in Germany with its social security healthcare system and also in Great Britain with its National Health Service. In both countries the most prevalent treatment scheme currently includes three baseline injections of ranibizumab followed by additional injections depending on persisting disease activity.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico , Aptâmeros de Nucleotídeos/uso terapêutico , Comparação Transcultural , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/economia , Medicina Estatal/economia , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/antagonistas & inibidores , Degeneração Macular Exsudativa/terapia , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/efeitos adversos , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/economia , Aptâmeros de Nucleotídeos/efeitos adversos , Aptâmeros de Nucleotídeos/economia , Bevacizumab , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Esquema de Medicação , Custos de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Alemanha , Fidelidade a Diretrizes/economia , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde , Gastos em Saúde , Humanos , Injeções Intravítreas/economia , Ranibizumab , Reino Unido , Degeneração Macular Exsudativa/economiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Approximately 35,000 cases of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) occur annually in Germany. The neovascular form of AMD (NV-AMD) is responsible for severe vision loss associated with the disease in 90% of the cases. This study was conducted to assess the humanistic and economic burden of NV-AMD in the German population. METHODS: A cross-sectional, observational study of subject self-reported functional health, well-being, and disease burden among elderly subjects with (n=83) and without (n=93) NV-AMD in Germany was conducted. Patients participated in telephone surveys involving the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25), the EuroQol (EQ-5D), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and also reported history of falls, fractures, and healthcare resource utilization. Furthermore, the healthcare utilization and unit costs for the NV-AMD patients were calculated. RESULTS: The mean age of NV-AMD patients was 77.2 years and 64% were female. NV-AMD patients reported significantly worse vision-related function and overall well-being than controls (adjusted mean scores: NEI-VFQ-25 overall scale: 51.3 vs 96.3; p<0.0001) and significantly more depression symptoms than controls (HADS depression: 6.2 vs. 2.7; p<0.0001). NV-AMD patients also reported that the need for assistance with daily activities was more than 10 times greater compared to controls (26.5% vs. 2.2%; p<0.0001) and the prevalence of falls was 3 times that of the control group (13.3% vs 4.3%; p=0.031). Annual NV-AMD costs per patient were