Closing the miscommunication gap: A user guide to developing picture-based communication tools for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in emergency departments.

OBJECTIVE: To document an illustration-based methodology for culturally safe communication between Indigenous patients and clinicians in an urban ED. METHODS: We co-designed a pre-ED visual tool to minimise miscommunication when triaging First Nations patients. Our steps included establishing project governance, conducting a literature review, obtaining ethics approval and designing illustrations. We then consulted relevant stakeholders, finalised the resource and contributed to the evidence base and to knowledge exchange. RESULTS: Co-design is an important principle in reducing miscommunication and ensuring cultural safety in EDs. CONCLUSIONS: Co-design methodologies can guide improvements in culturally safe clinical communication with First Nations patients in EDs.