Sociodemographic factors associated with pregnant women's level of knowledge about oral health.

Objective To evaluate knowledge on oral health and associated sociodemographic factors in pregnant women. Methods A cross-sectional study with a sample of 195 pregnant women seen at the Primary Care Unit Paraisópolis I, in São Paulo (SP), Brazil. For statistical analysis, χ2 or Fisher's exact test and multiple logistic regression were used. A significance level of 5% was used in all analyses. Results Schooling level equal to or greater than 8 years and having one or two children were associated with an adequate knowledge about oral health. Conclusion Oral health promotion strategies during prenatal care should take into account sociodemographic aspects.

Sociodemographic factors associated with pregnant women's level of knowledge about oral health / Fatores sociodemográficos associados ao grau de conhecimento em saúde bucal de gestantes

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate knowledge on oral health and associated sociodemographic factors in pregnant women. Methods A cross-sectional study with a sample of 195 pregnant women seen at the Primary Care Unit Paraisópolis I, in São Paulo (SP), Brazil. For statistical analysis, χ2 or Fisher's exact test and multiple logistic regression were used. A significance level of 5% was used in all analyses. Results Schooling level equal to or greater than 8 years and having one or two children were associated with an adequate knowledge about oral health. Conclusion Oral health promotion strategies during prenatal care should take into account sociodemographic aspects.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o conhecimento em saúde bucal e os fatores sociodemográficos associados em gestantes. Métodos Estudo com delineamento transversal, com amostra de 195 gestantes atendidas na Unidade Básica de Saúde de Paraisópolis I, em São Paulo (SP). Para a análise estatística, utilizou-se teste χ2 ou teste exato de Fisher e a regressão logística múltipla. Assumiu-se um nível de significância de 5% para todas as análises. Resultados Escolaridade igual ou maior a 8 anos de estudo e presença de um a dois filhos estiveram associadas a conhecimento adequado sobre saúde bucal. Conclusão Estratégias de promoção de saúde bucal durante o pré-natal devem levar em consideração aspectos sociodemográficos.

Barriers related to non-adherence in a mammography breast-screening program during the implementation period in the interior of São Paulo State, Brazil.

Mammography is the best exam for early diagnosis of breast cancer. Developing countries frequently have a low income of mammography and absence of organized screening. The knowledge of vulnerable population and strategies to increase adherence are important to improve the implementation of an organized breast-screening program. A mammography regional-screening program was implemented in a place around 54.238 women, aged 40-69 years old. It was proposed to perform biannual mammography free of cost for the women. We analyze the first 2 years of the implementation of the project. Mammography was realized in 17.964 women. 42.1% of the women hadn't done de mammography in their lives and these women were principally from low socio-economic status (OR=2.99), low education (OR=3.00). The best strategies to include these women were mobile unit (OR=1.43) and Family Health Program (OR=1.79). The incidence of early breast tumors before the project was 14.5%, a fact that changed to 43.2% in this phase. Multivariate analysis showed that the association of illiterate and the mobile unit achieve more women who had not performed mammography in their lives. The strategies to increase adherence to mammography must be multiple and a large organization is necessary to overpass the barriers related to system health and education.

Evolution of post-deployment indicators of oral health on the Family Health Strategy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the evolution of indicators after the implementation of 21 Oral Healthcare Teams in the Family Health Strategy. METHODS: We used data from outpatient services of Oral Healthcare Teams to evaluate efficiency, access, percentage of absences and emergencies of oral healthcare professionals who worked in the partnership between the Sociedade Beneficente Israelita Brasileira Hospital Albert Einstein and the Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo, during the period 2009-2011. RESULTS: Percentages of emergencies, income, and access showed a significant difference during the period analyzed, but no difference for percentage of absences was found. When monthly analysis was made, it is noteworthy that at the beginning of service implementation a fluctuation occurred, which may indicate that the work was consolidated over the months, becoming capable of receiving new professionals and increasing the population served. Comparison of the indicators in that period with the goals agreed upon between the Sociedade Beneficente Israelita Brasileira Hospital Albert Einstein and the Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo made it possible to notice that the Oral Health Teams had a good performance. CONCLUSION: The results showed that the goals were achieved reflecting the increasing number of professionals, the maturing of work processes in the Oral Health Teams, and optimization of the manpower available to perform the activities. Understanding these results will be important to guide the actions of Oral Health Teams for the following years and to assess the achievement of goals.

Evolution of post-deployment indicators of oral health on the Family Health Strategy / Evolução de indicadores pós-implantação da saúde bucal na Estratégia Saúde da Família

Objective To evaluate the evolution of indicators after the implementation of 21 Oral Healthcare Teams in the Family Health Strategy. Methods We used data from outpatient services of Oral Healthcare Teams to evaluate efficiency, access, percentage of absences and emergencies of oral healthcare professionals who worked in the partnership between the Sociedade Beneficente Israelita Brasileira Hospital Albert Einstein and the Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo, during the period 2009-2011. Results Percentages of emergencies, income, and access showed a significant difference during the period analyzed, but no difference for percentage of absences was found. When monthly analysis was made, it is noteworthy that at the beginning of service implementation a fluctuation occurred, which may indicate that the work was consolidated over the months, becoming capable of receiving new professionals and increasing the population served. Comparison of the indicators in that period with the goals agreed upon between the Sociedade Beneficente Israelita Brasileira Hospital Albert Einstein and the Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo made it possible to notice that the Oral Health Teams had a good performance. Conclusion The results showed that the goals were achieved reflecting the increasing number of professionals, the maturing of work processes in the Oral Health Teams, and optimization of the manpower available to perform the activities. Understanding these results will be important to guide the actions of Oral Health Teams for the following years and to assess the achievement of goals. .

Objetivo Avaliar a evolução de indicadores após a implantação de 21 Equipes de Saúde Bucal na Estratégia Saúde da Família. Métodos Foram utilizados os dados de produção ambulatorial dos profissionais das Equipes de Saúde Bucal, o qual é o instrumento oficial utilizado pela Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo para acompanhar o desempenho dos profissionais da saúde bucal em relação a rendimento, acesso, percentual de faltas e de urgências. Esses profissionais trabalharam na parceria entre a Sociedade Beneficente Israelita Brasileira Hospital Albert Einstein e a Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo, no período de 2009 a 2011. Resultados Para os indicadores: percentual de urgência, rendimento e acesso, houve diferença significativa entre os anos analisados. Para o indicador percentual de faltas, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante. Quando feita a análise mensal, destaca-se que, no início da implantação do serviço, ocorreu oscilação, podendo indicar que o trabalho foi consolidado ao longo dos meses, sendo capaz de receber novos profissionais e aumento da população atendida. Ao se compararem os indicadores do período com as metas pactuadas com a Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo, é possível perceber que as Equipes de Saúde Bucal tiveram bom desempenho. Conclusão Os resultados alcançados junto às metas pactuadas certamente refletem o aumento do número de profissionais, o amadurecimento dos processos de trabalho dessas Equipes de Saúde Bucal e a otimização da mão de obra disponível para realização das atividades. O entendimento desses resultados é importante para nortear as ações das Equipes de Saúde Bucal para os anos ...

Desenvolvimento e validação de um questionário de avaliação da atividade física para adolescentes / Development and validation of a physical activity assessment questionnaire for adolescents

OBJETIVO: Desenvolver um questionário de atividade física para adolescentes brasileiros e verificar sua validade e reprodutibilidade. MÉTODOS: Participaram do estudo 94 adolescentes (30 meninos e 64 meninas) com idade entre 11 a 16 anos, em 2004. O questionário foi composto por 17 questões sobre atividades habituais exercidas nos últimos 12 meses (exercícios físicos/esportes e atividades de locomoção) e foi padronizado para gerar escores semanal e anual. Como método de referência utilizou-se o teste de corrida vai-e-vem de 20 metros com as variáveis tempo em minutos, velocidade máxima em km/h, consumo máximo de oxigênio e freqüência cardíaca máxima. Para a análise de validação, foram utilizados o coeficiente de Spearman e correlação ajustada por idade. Para a análise da reprodutibilidade, utilizou-se medida repetida com intervalo de 15 dias e coeficiente de correlação intraclasse. RESULTADOS: Para o escore semanal de atividade física, os maiores coeficientes de correlação foram obtidos com o tempo total para a análise em conjunto (r=0,19), velocidade total para os meninos (r=0,20), e consumo máximo de oxigênio e tempo total para as meninas (r=0,17). Para o escore anual de atividade física, os maiores coeficientes de correlação foram obtidos com o tempo total para a análise em conjunto (r=0,30), freqüência cardíaca final após o ajuste pela idade para os meninos (r=0,22) e tempo total para as meninas (r=0,23). Nas análises de reprodutibilidade, a correlação do escore semanal foi de 0,61 e a do escore anual foi de 0,68. CONCLUSÕES: O questionário apresentou evidências de validade e reprodutibilidade. Recomenda-se sua utilização para avaliação da atividade física habitual em estudos epidemiológicos com adolescentes.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a physical activity questionnaire aimed at Brazilian adolescents and to assess its validity and reproducibility. METHODS: A total of 94 adolescents (30 males and 64 females) aged 11-16 years were included in the study, which was conducted in 2004. The questionnaire comprised 17 questions on habitual physical activity in the last 12 months (15 questions on sports and physical exercise and two on transportation physical activity), and was standardized to yield final scores for weekly and yearly activity. As a reference, we used the multistage 20-meter shuttle run test, measuring variables maximum time in minutes, maximum speed, maximum oxygen uptake and maximum heart rate. For validity analysis, we used the Spearman coefficient and age-adjusted correlation. For reproducibility analysis, we repeated evaluations after 15 days and measured the intraclass correlation coefficient. RESULTS: For the weekly score, the highest correlations were obtained for maximum time for the entire sample (r=0.19), maximum speed for males (r=0.20), and both maximum oxygen uptake and maximum time for females (r=0.17). For the yearly score, the highest correlations were obtained for maximum time for the entire sample (r=0.30), maximum heart rate for males (r=0.22), and maximum time for females (r=0.23). In reproducibility analyses, correlations were 0.61 for weekly score and 0.68 for yearly score. CONCLUSIONS: The questionnaire was valid and reproducible. Its use is recommended for the evaluation of physical activity in epidemiological studies with adolescents.

[Development and validation of a physical activity assessment questionnaire for adolescents]. / Desenvolvimento e validação de um questionário de avaliação da atividade física para adolescentes.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a physical activity questionnaire aimed at Brazilian adolescents and to assess its validity and reproducibility. METHODS: A total of 94 adolescents (30 males and 64 females) aged 11-16 years were included in the study, which was conducted in 2004. The questionnaire comprised 17 questions on habitual physical activity in the last 12 months (15 questions on sports and physical exercise and two on transportation physical activity), and was standardized to yield final scores for weekly and yearly activity. As a reference, we used the multistage 20-meter shuttle run test, measuring variables maximum time in minutes, maximum speed, maximum oxygen uptake and maximum heart rate. For validity analysis, we used the Spearman coefficient and age-adjusted correlation. For reproducibility analysis, we repeated evaluations after 15 days and measured the intraclass correlation coefficient. RESULTS: For the weekly score, the highest correlations were obtained for maximum time for the entire sample (r=0.19), maximum speed for males (r=0.20), and both maximum oxygen uptake and maximum time for females (r=0.17). For the yearly score, the highest correlations were obtained for maximum time for the entire sample (r=0.30), maximum heart rate for males (r=0.22), and maximum time for females (r=0.23). In reproducibility analyses, correlations were 0.61 for weekly score and 0.68 for yearly score. CONCLUSIONS: The questionnaire was valid and reproducible. Its use is recommended for the evaluation of physical activity in epidemiological studies with adolescents.