RESUMO
The role of preadjudicated juvenile detention centers (JDCs) in treating children and adolescents with mental health needs has continued to receive national attention. Legal actions mandating improved health care services over the past decade, coupled with a national focus on detainees' mental health needs, have led to the increased presence of mental health professionals in JDCs. In this context, we must build on the current "call to action" and develop innovative blueprints for the provision of mental health services for detained youth. Although operationalizing this movement is complicated, we must be prepared to sustain its effects by developing effective communication and planning among correctional health care organizations, universities, municipalities, and other stakeholders.
Assuntos
Delinquência Juvenil/legislação & jurisprudência , Transtornos Mentais/reabilitação , Serviços de Saúde Mental/legislação & jurisprudência , Prisioneiros/legislação & jurisprudência , Adolescente , Criança , Reforma dos Serviços de Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Planejamento em Saúde , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Doença Iatrogênica , Delinquência Juvenil/psicologia , Delinquência Juvenil/reabilitação , Programas de Rastreamento/legislação & jurisprudência , Transtornos Mentais/diagnóstico , Transtornos Mentais/psicologia , Prisioneiros/psicologia , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Juvenile detention facilities have come under increasing legal pressure to provide mental health services to detainees, and mental health clinicians may be asked to design and implement programs in detention facilities. However, there is little consensus on what types of services should be provided, and virtually no data on the effectiveness of such services in a detention setting. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of the existing literature on mental health services in juvenile detention and to make suggestions about future research needs. Specifically, it highlights the tension surrounding the provision of mental health care in juvenile detention, presents data on the prevalence of psychiatric problems in detention settings and what types of services are currently provided, and draws on the larger child and adolescent mental health literature to suggest what types of services might be most appropriate for juvenile detention settings. We conclude that, although there are some suggestions of promising interventions that may be appropriate, much more research, specifically in detention settings, is needed to determine their effectiveness.