[Assessment of human health damage as a priority of human ecology and a tool for justifying managerial decisions].

The paper analyzes of the currently available guidelines for assessing damages (in kind and value terms) caused by environmental factors to the population's health. The contributions of various diseases, the quality of the environment, bad habits, and other internal and external factors to the mortality structure in Russia are compared. The authors show it important to study the comparative role of the quality of life and its style, environmental pollution, the population's subjective perception of risks in the formation of health damages.

[Methodological principles of the improvement of monitoring of the effects of man-made environmental factors on human health]. / Metodologicheskie osnovy sovershenstvovaniia monitoringa vliianiia antropogennykh faktorov okruzhaiushchei sredy na zdorov'e naseleniia.

The paper reflects the basic principles in improving methods for studying the influence of environmental factors of anthropogenic origin on health. The basic principles of human toxicology, physiology, and genetics became a theoretical basis of this improvement. The main point of the paper lies in the variability of the body's adaptive capacities, which is caused by a complex of endogenous and exogenous factors. The adaptive reserve interpreted as a measure for the resistance of biological systems under specific environmental conditions is proposed as a universal index that reflects the whole complex of influences of these factors. The magnitude of a response to exposures at the populational level is shown to depend not only on their levels, but also on the average level of an adaptive reserve in the population, on the proportion of exposure-sensitive individuals.

[Problems in the prediction and assessment of total chemical load on the human body using computer technologies]. / Problemy prognozirovaniia i otsenki obshchei khimicheskoi nagruzki na organizm cheloveka s primeneniem komp'iuternykh tekhnologii.

The paper deals with trends in the development of upto-date computer-assisted multimedia systems and defines the promising trends in their practical use in hygienic investigations. Analyzing the structure and elements of foreign computer systems has led to the conclusion that they should be adapted to the Russian conditions. The authors outlined the problems which are associated with the development of Russian multimedia systems and the adaptation of foreign ones to the Russian conditions. One of the basically important issues is a discrepancy found in the American reference doses (concentrations) and daily doses given to the population when the hygiene regulations accepted in Russia are observed.

[Hygienic assessment of dust and gas factors at the enterprises using phosphoric acid production wastes]. / Gigienicheskaia otsenka pylevogo i gazovogo faktorov na predpriiatiiakh po utilizatsii otkhodov proizvodstva fosfornoi kisloty.

The process of phosphor-gyps is associated with the pollution of the working environment by aerosols containing Ca, Fe, Si, P, fluorides, and other substances. Sanitary measures for the working environment and studies of the aerosol effects on human health are proposed.

[Hygienic assessment and sanitary measures in mining and processing of potassium ore]. / Gigienicheskaia otsenka i ozdorovitel'nye meropriiatiia pri dobyche i pererabotke kaliinykh rud.

Study of labour conditions in mining and processing of polymineral potassium ore was conducted. It was shown, that air and lighting conditions and vibrations are more severe under mining, than under processing of potassium ore.