Antenatal care as a risk factor for caesarean section: a case study in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Antenatal care is an important tool to prevent complications and decrease the incidence of maternal and antenatal morbidity and mortality. In Brazil, quality, access, and coverage of antenatal care are described as insufficient. Consequently, high rates of caesarean section, congenital morbidities such as syphilis, maternal and early neonatal mortality occur, as well as obstetric violence and dissatisfaction with healthcare. It is important to reflect on health disparities in antenatal care. This study aimed to carry out a critical analysis of antenatal care in one city of São Paulo state in Brazil. METHODS: A case study was performed, structured in a descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological study and two qualitative studies. Data for the epidemiological study was obtained from the Informatics Department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) of Brazil, which was processed in the Epi-info v software 7.2. and treated descriptively and by the Mantel-Haenszel or Fisher's exact tests. Qualitative data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 30 pregnant women and 8 nurses in the primary healthcare service of one city in São Paulo. The qualitative data analysis was based on thematic content analysis. RESULTS: The data revealed a limited quality of antenatal care. More than six antenatal visits increased the probability of a caesarean section by 47% and babies born vaginally had a lower Apgar score. There was little participation of nurses in antenatal care and women described it as "a quick medical appointment", limited by protocols, based on procedures and insufficient in dialogue. Antenatal care appeared to be fragmented and permeated by challenges that involve the need for change in management, performance, and ongoing training of professionals, as well as in the guarantee of women's rights. CONCLUSIONS: Caesarean section was statistically related to the number of antenatal care visits. Interactions between professionals and pregnant women were poor and resulted in dissatisfaction. There is an urgent need to connect health indicators with the findings from professionals and women's experiences to improve the quality of antenatal care.

A análise da relação de enfermeiras(os) da estratégia saúde da família com a sua profissão / The analysis of the relationship of nurses in the family health strategy with their profession

Objetivo: Analisar a implicação profissional de enfermeiras(os) da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Métodos:Estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa realizado com 19 enfermeiras(os) da ESF durante o primeiro trimestre de 2020. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, procedendo-se com a análise a partir das dimensões ideológica, libidinal e organizacional da implicação profissional, conforme referencial teórico da Análise Institucional. Resultados:Nas dimensões ideológica, libidinal e organizacional da implicação profissional foram identificados: a amplitude do trabalho da(o) enfermeira(o) na ESF; a sobrecarga de trabalho; a assistência de enfermagem e o trabalho em equipe; o vínculo com os(as) usuários(as); a falta de apoio da gestão e a ausência de articulação da rede de atenção à saúde. Conclusão: O trabalho em equipe corresponde ao vetor essencial para a prática profissional, o vínculo como principal motivador e a falta de apoio da gestão e da articulação em rede como dificultadores do exercício da enfermagem na ESF.

Objective: To analyze the professional involvement of nurses in the Family Health Strategy (FHS). Method:Descriptive study with a qualitative approach carried out with 19 nurses in the FHS during the first quarter of 2020. Semi-structured interviews were carried out, proceeding with the analysis from the ideological, libidinal and organizational dimensions of professional involvement, according to the theoretical framework of Institutional Analysis. Results:It was identified in the ideological, libidinal and organizational dimensions of professional involvement: the breadth of the nurse's work in the FHS; work overload; nursing care and teamwork; the bond with the users; the lack of management support and the lack of articulation of the health care network. Conclusion: Teamwork corresponds to the essential vector for professional practice, the bond as the main motivator and the lack of support from management and networking as obstacles to the exercise of nursing in the FHS.