[Prevalence of medicare antiviral drugs use and related factors in HIV-infected people in Ningbo].

Objective: To analyze the use of medicare antiviral drugs (ART) and related factors among HIV-infected people in Ningbo City. Methods: The retrospective data was collected related to infection and treatment of HIV-infected people in ART in Ningbo up to February 2023 through the National Infectious Disease Surveillance System. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the factors related to medicare antiviral drug use in HIV-infected people. R 4.2.2 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 6 433 HIV-infected people with ART records were collected, among which 5 783 were in ART. The prevalence of medicare drugs use among people in ART was 24.8% (1 435/5 783, 95%CI: 23.7%-25.9%). Beilun District (8.7%, 43/497) and Fenghua District (5.7%, 14/247) had the lowest level in medicare drugs use. Among people in ART using medicare or out-of-pocket drugs, the prevalence of those who had at least one viral load test in the last year (84.9%, 1 352/1 593) was significantly lower than that of those using free drugs (91.4%, 3 829/4 190) (χ2=52.50, P<0.001). The results of multivariate logistic analysis showed that the factors influencing medicare drug use included low educational level (junior high school and below: aOR=0.24, 95%CI:0.17-0.34), farmer or worker (farmer: aOR=0.60, 95%CI: 0.39-0.91; worker: aOR=0.42, 95%CI: 0.27-0.64), low monthly income (<3 000 Yuan: aOR=0.29, 95%CI: 0.18-0.45), the longer interval time between diagnosis and treatment (≥21 days: aOR=0.47, 95%CI: 0.30-0.74). Conclusions: Significant regional differences on the prevalence of medicare antiviral drugs use in HIV-infected people exist in Ningbo City. Follow-up management program of patients should be improved to strengthen patient compliance to mobilize medicare drug promotion. Meanwhile, publicity of medicare drugs should be strengthened for farmers or workers with low education level and patients with delayed treatment.

[Cost-effectiveness prediction of AIDS interventions among men who have sex with men in Ningbo].

Objective: To provide information reference for resource allocation and decision-making in related fields, the cost-effectiveness of HIV input among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Ningbo. Different intervention coverages were compared. Methods: Taking MSM as the target population, data were collected and modeled by Optima HIV for the corresponding HIV health output and the budget under different intervention coverages. Results: According to the estimated size of the MSM population, which was 19 584 in Ningbo in 2020, if the coverage of 2020 baseline intervention is maintained in the next ten years, the number of HIV cases, new HIV infections, and HIV-related deaths among this population will show an upward trend. It is estimated that from 2021 to 2030, 7.9% of new infections and 1.7% of deaths can be avoided and the relevant funding investment comed to 2.4 time the baseline if the intervention coverage rate expanded to 3.0 times the 2020 baseline. After the coverage rate of intervention expanded to 3 times the baseline, it continued to grow, the health effect did not increase. Conclusions: At present, expanding the baseline coverage of HIV-related intervention projects among MSM in Ningbo and increasing capital investment will still reverse HIV-related death and reduce new infections. Moreover, there is a saturation point of the intervention effect. Researchers and policymakers must explore more effective interventions/combinations to obtain more significant health outcomes.

Combined texture analysis of diffusion-weighted imaging with conventional MRI for non-invasive assessment of IDH1 mutation in anaplastic gliomas.

AIM: To examine whether texture analysis (TA) of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) combined with conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could non-invasively predict isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutational status in anaplastic gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-two patients with histologically confirmed anaplastic glioma was reviewed retrospectively. Conventional MRI was evaluated using the Visually Accessible Rembrandt Images (VASARI) scoring system. TA of DWI based on the entire tumour volume was compared between IDH1-mutant and wild-type tumours by using unpaired Student's t-test. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and logistic regression were used to assess their diagnostic performance. RESULTS: Significant statistical differences in VASARI features and TA of DWI were observed between IDH1-mutant and wild-type tumours (all p<0.05). Using multivariable logistic regression, the proportion of the tumour that was non-enhancing and the entropy of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were found to possess higher prediction potential for IDH1 mutation with areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.918 and 0.724, respectively. A combination of these for the identification of IDH1 mutations improved the AUC to 0.954, with a sensitivity and a specificity of 81% and 96%. CONCLUSIONS: The combined assessment of the conventional MRI and TA of DWI were useful for predicting IDH1 mutation in anaplastic gliomas.