Assessment of efficacy of carboxytherapy in management of skin aging through evaluation of gene expression profile: a 2-split randomized clinical trial.

Skin aging is a continuous and irreversible process which results in impairment of the skin role as barrier against all aggressive exogenous factors. It mainly manifests by photoaging, laxity, sagging, wrinkling, and xerosis. Carboxytherapy is considered as a safe, minimally invasive modality used for rejuvenation, restoration, and recondition of the skin. In the current study, the efficacy of carboxytherapy in the treatment of skin aging was assessed through investigation of gene expression profile for Coll I, Coll III, Coll IV, elastin, FGF, TGF-ß1, and VEGF. Our study is a 2-split clinical trial in which carboxytherapy was performed on one side of the abdomen in 15 cases with intrinsically skin aging manifestations weekly for 10 sessions, while the other side of the abdomen was left without treatment. Two weeks after the last session, skin biopsies were taken from both the treated and control sides of the abdomen in order to assess gene expression profile by qRT-PCR. The analysis of gene expression levels for all of Coll I, Coll III, Coll IV, elastin, TGF-ß1, FGF and VEGF genes showed a statistically significant difference between the interventional and control groups. The findings for all of these seven genes showed increase in the interventional group, among which Coll IV, VEGF, FGF, and elastin showed the higher mean changes. Our study confirmed the effectiveness of carboxytherapy in treating and reversing the intrinsically aging skin.Clinical Trial Registration Code and Date of Registration: ChiCTR2200055185; 2022/1/2.

Characterization of dermatopathology fellowship applicants: a 5-year single institution experience.

BACKGROUND: Although much data have been documented on the characteristics of medical school applicants for dermatology and pathology residency programs in the United States and select medical and surgical fellowship applicants through the National Residency Matching Program, little is known about the dermatopathology applicant demographics. METHODS: We examined a 5-year pool of dermatopathology fellowship applicants from a single institution (University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences) and compiled background profile data of the applicants to characterize an 'average dermatopathology fellow' applicant. RESULTS: A total of 229 applicants over a 5-year period were included in the assessment. The majority were of pathology background with medical school and residency training based in the southern United States. One-third of the applicants had original research publications, case reports or had given an oral or poster presentation in the field of dermatopathology. CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge regarding the average applicant statistics for a dermatopathology fellowship will allow prospective applicants to evaluate their own applications for strengths and weaknesses. This will also provide institutions information regarding anticipated statistics for a competitive applicant pool.