[Attentiveness in school children: effect of cesarean section birth].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of cesarean section birth based on different indications on attentiveness in school children. METHODS: A total of 308 school children were assigned to three groups according to their birth model: natural delivery (n = 105), cesarean section due to social factors (n = 101) or medical factors (n = 102). The integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test (IVA-CPT) was performed for assessing attentiveness. RESULTS: The IVA-CPT demonstrated that there were significant differences in the quotients of combination control, auditory response control, combination attention, auditory attention, visual attention, auditory vigilance, visual concordance, visual vigilance and visual attention among the three groups (p<0.05). The results of the IVA-CPT in the group of cesarean section due to medical factors was obviously poorer than that of the natural delivery group and the group of cesarean section due to social factors. However no significant differences were observed between the groups of natural delivery and of cesarean section due to social factors. CONCLUSIONS: Cesarean section itself has no significant impacts on attentiveness in school children, while medical indications for cesarean section may contribute to major cause of attention deficit disorder.

[Gender analysis on prenatal care in rural areas of Xinjiang and Anhui province].

OBJECTIVE: To introduce the gender-specific view to the prenatal care and analysing the health behavior and its influencing factors. METHODS: Random sampling in cluster was used to select those study population and face to face interview was carried out at their residence in Xinjiang and Anhui province. RESULTS: The overall socioeconomic status of women in rural areas of Xinjiang and Anhui province was low and 93.2% of the women had education level on junior middle school or below. Politically women were less interested in these issues with only 63.1% of them ever participated in the election program or voting. In household daily life, women's status was almost equal to or even higher than men, but men always called the shots when something important in family happened. Men still held the power of decision making. In 47.3% of the families, the husband played a decisive role on decision making. In 37.7% of the families, husbands controlled the money. When getting into expensive expenditure, 35.2% of the families having men made the final approval. When there were different opinions between the couples, husband usually made the final decision in 44.2% of all the families compared to 6.3% of the families that wives made the final decision. 73.9% of women under survey had undergone prenatal examination and the rate on household deliveries reached 30.3%. Both gender consciousness and educational level had influenced the effect on prenatal care. CONCLUSION: It is important to better prenatal health service in rural areas and to improve socioeconomic status on gender consciousness of women.