RESUMO
Resumen: Introducción: las altas coberturas alcanzadas en el Programa Nacional de Vacunaciones (PNV) parecen indicar una adecuada adhesión al Certificado Esquema de Vacunación (CEV). No hay evaluaciones que reflejen lo percibido desde la comunidad. Objetivo: evaluar la confianza y satisfacción en Montevideo acerca de la vacunación y las estrategias actuales de comunicación social del PNV del Ministerio de Salud. Material y método: encuesta con preguntas cerradas con escala semicuantitativa a ≥de 18 años con un niño ≤de 5 años a cargo en Montevideo en el año 2016. Se evaluó la confianza, satisfacción con el PNV y las estrategias de comunicación social. Resultados: se encuestaron 384 personas. Consideró importante la vacunación para prevenir enfermedades de los niños el 92,7% de las personas encuestadas y el 81,5% de los adultos (p<0,01). Refirió satisfacción con las vacunas del CEV el 89,9% y con la información brindada por su médico el 82,8%. El 69% de los encuestados consideró que algunas vacunas son más importantes, de los cuales 62% evitaría al menos una, principalmente la vacuna antigripal y el antivirus del papiloma humano. El 43% refirió haber estado informado de alguna actividad sobre vacunas recientemente, 65% a través de las redes sociales. Conclusiones: estos resultados muestran niveles de confianza y satisfacción altos con el PNV. Es necesario fortalecer la importancia de la vacunación en adultos. Las redes sociales podrían ser una de las vías de comunicación privilegiadas para llegar a la población.
Summary: Objective: assess trust and satisfaction levels of the Uruguayan National Vaccination Program and its social communication strategies carried out by the Ministry of Health by the population of Montevideo. Material and method: a survey was carried out to ≥18 year- old adults in charge of a ≤5 year-old children. Closed questions were asked using a semi quantitative rating scale in Montevideo in 2016. Trust and satisfaction levels regarding the NIP and the social communication strategies used were assessed. Results: 384 people were surveyed. 92.7% considered vaccination was important to prevent diseases in children and in adults (81.5%) (p <0.01). 89.9% were satisfied with the Vaccination Program and 82.8% with the level of information provided by doctors. 69% considered some of the vaccines being most important, such as vaccines against Influenza or Human Papillomavirus. 43% reported having recently received any type of information regarding vaccines, and 65% received it through social networks. Conclusions: these results show high levels of trust and satisfaction with the NIP. It is necessary to stress the importance of vaccination compliance in adults. Social networks could be the main means of communication to reach such population.
Resumo: Objetivo: avaliar os níveis de confiança e satisfação do Programa Uruguaio Nacional de Vacinação e suas estratégias de comunicação social desenvolvidas pelo Ministério da Saúde por parte da população de Montevidéu. Material e método: Realizamos uma pesquisa a adultos ≥18 anos responsáveis por pelo menos uma criança com menos de 5 anos de idade. Fizemos perguntas fechadas e utilizamos uma escala de avaliação semi-quantitativa em Montevidéu em 2016. Avaliamos os níveis de confiança e satisfação em relação ao NIP e as estratégias de comunicação social utilizadas. Resultados: 384 pessoas foram pesquisadas. 92,7% consideraram a vacinação importante para prevenir doenças em crianças e adultos (81,5%) (p <0,01). 89,9% mostraram-se satisfeitos com o Programa de Vacinação e 82,8% com o nível de informação fornecido pelos médicos. 69% consideraram algumas das vacinas as mais importantes, como as vacinas contra Influenza ou Papiloma Vírus Humano. 43% relataram ter recebido recentemente algum tipo de informação sobre vacinas e 65% deles receberam a informação através de redes sociais. Conclusões: Estes resultados mostram altos níveis de confiança e satisfação com o NIP. É necessário enfatizar a importância da adesão à vacinação em adultos. As redes sociais poderiam ser o principal meio de comunicação para atingir essa população
RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To improve the quality of care provided to hospitalized children having acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI), to increase the knowledge on this health condition, and to broaden the utilization of health care resources through a program called "Winter Plan". METHODS: The program comprised the use of guidelines for diagnosis and treatment, disease-oriented hospitalizations to provide an increased level of care, management of health care resources and implementation of computerized medical records. Systematic investigation of viral etiology was performed in order to rationalize the use of medications and reduce nosocomial infections. RESULTS: During program implementation (19/V-19/IX/99), 3,317 children were admitted; 1,347 (40.61%) had ALRI, of which 1,096 (81%) were included in the study. Of them, 71% aged less than 1 year. Most ALRI were viral (68%). Admission criteria were: oxygen saturation <95%, tachypnea, retractions or pleural effusion (92.4% of the children). The demand magnitude prevented compliance with isolation guidelines in all cases. Treatment guidelines were followed in a high percentage of cases: 73% of children having bronchiolitis and 72% of those with viral pneumonia received no antibiotics and 96% of children with bacterial pneumonia were put on antibiotics as recommended; use of bronchodilators and corticosteroids was reduced. Medication costs were reduced especially in the corticosteroid group, which meant a greater impact on hospitalization costs. CONCLUSIONS: To decrease ALRI morbidity and mortality there is a need to continue improving the quality of health care during hospitalization and to reinforce health promotion actions and preventive programs at the primary level.