How does risk-taking affect the green technology innovation of high-tech enterprises in China: the moderating role of financial mismatch.

As a core driver for the high-tech enterprises, green technology innovation is crucial, even with high financial risk. Against this background, this paper empirically examines the impact of risk-taking on green technology innovation of high-tech enterprises, taking Chinese A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2020 as the research sample and considering the moderating effect of financial mismatch. Findings show the following: First, the effect of risk-taking on green technology innovation of high-tech enterprises is insignificant in most cases, and the inhibitory effect of financial mismatch is partly supported. Second, financial mismatch only counter-regulates the inhibitory effect of systematic risk-taking on the number of invention patents granted in the eastern sample. Third, the effect of risk-taking on green technology innovation is significantly heterogeneous in terms of property rights and regional heterogeneity, regardless of considering the moderating effect of financial mismatch or not. Finally, the policy implementations point out that the government should create a favorable investment environment, financial institutions should adjust the way of capital allocation, while high-tech enterprises should broaden the financing channels to enhance their risk-taking ability, and promote green technological innovation to achieve high-quality economic development.

Cone beam computed tomography assessment of the prevalence and association of pulp calcification with periodontitis.

Periodontitis has a known association with pathological calcification in the cardiovascular system. Considering the close anatomic and circulatory association between dental pulp and the periodontium, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of pulp calcification (PC) under different periodontal conditions, as well as the associations of PC with the degree of periodontal damage, via cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination. In this study, 55 patients were categorized into three groups according to periodontal condition: group 1 (healthy controls), group 2 (periodontitis stage I-II), and group 3 (periodontitis stage III-IV). PC and radiographic bone loss (RBL) was assessed by CBCT in sagittal, axial, and coronal views, and statistical analyses were conducted. PC was identified in 378 of 1170 teeth (32.3%). The prevalence significantly differed among the three groups (P < 0.001). Group 2 had a 2.43-fold (P < 0.001, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.64-3.61) higher risk of PC than group 1; and the risk of PC was 3.04-fold (P < 0.001, 95% CI 2.06-4.48) higher in group 3 than group 1. Teeth with more severe RBL exhibited a higher prevalence of PC (P < 0.001). Molar teeth had a higher risk of PC than incisors and premolars. In conclusion, the occurrence of PC is related to the periodontal state, and the prevalence of PC is higher in teeth with periodontitis; tooth type and periodontitis status are important risk factors for PC.

The impacts of health insurance and resource on the burden of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in the world population.

INTRODUCTION: The increasing prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) presents both a burden and an opportunity for intervention. This study aims to estimate the impacts of health insurance and resources on the burden attributed to ADRD. METHOD: Data were mainly collected from global databases for ADRD. Analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, random-effects, and fixed-effects model analyses were used in this study. RESULTS: Although the current medical expenditures were increasing and out of pocket (OOP) expenditures were declining generally in various countries, the collected global data showed an increased burden of ADRD on patients both physically and economically. Furthermore, health resources were negatively associated with disability-adjusted life years (DALY), death, and years of life lost (YLL), but were otherwise positively associated with years of life lived with disability (YLD). DISCUSSION: Effective measures should be considered to cope with the rising burden. Meanwhile, there is an urgent call for constructive and sustainable rational plans and global collaboration. HIGHLIGHTS: We explored how health insurance and resources affect Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD)-related burden. Health insurance and resources were imbalanced among four income level groups. Health insurance and resources may decrease the total ADRD burden primarily from a reduction in death-related burden. Health insurance and resources may increase disability-related burden.

The China Alzheimer Report 2022.

China's population has rapidly aged over the recent decades of social and economic development as neurodegenerative disorders have proliferated, especially Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD). AD's incidence rate, morbidity, and mortality have steadily increased to make it presently the fifth leading cause of death among urban and rural residents in China and magnify the resulting financial burdens on individuals, families and society. The 'Healthy China Action' plan of 2019-2030 promotes the transition from disease treatment to health maintenance for this expanding population with ADRD. This report describes related epidemiological trends, evaluates the economic burden of the disease, outlines current clinical diagnosis and treatment status and delineates existing available public health resources. More specifically, it examines the public health impact of ADRD, including prevalence, mortality, costs, usage of care, and the overall effect on caregivers and society. In addition, this special report presents technical guidance and supports for the prevention and treatment of AD, provides expertise to guide relevant governmental healthcare policy development and suggests an information platform for international exchange and cooperation.