Deep learning-based radiomics allows for a more accurate assessment of sarcopenia as a prognostic factor in hepatocellular carcinoma. / åŸºäºŽå½±åƒç»„å­¦çš„æ·±åº¦å­¦ä¹ è¯„ä¼°è‚Œå°‘ç—‡å¯¹è‚ç™Œåˆ‡é™¤å’Œç§»æ¤æ‚£è€ é¢„åŽçš„å½±å“.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies and is a major cause of cancer-related mortalities worldwide (Forner et al., 2018; He et al., 2023). Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by an accelerated loss of skeletal muscle (SM) mass that may be age-related or the result of malnutrition in cancer patients (Cruz-Jentoft and Sayer, 2019). Preoperative sarcopenia in HCC patients treated with hepatectomy or liver transplantation is an independent risk factor for poor survival (Voron et al., 2015; van Vugt et al., 2016). Previous studies have used various criteria to define sarcopenia, including muscle area and density. However, the lack of standardized diagnostic methods for sarcopenia limits their clinical use. In 2018, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) renewed a consensus on the definition of sarcopenia: low muscle strength, loss of muscle quantity, and poor physical performance (Cruz-Jentoft et al., 2019). Radiological imaging-based measurement of muscle quantity or mass is most commonly used to evaluate the degree of sarcopenia. The gold standard is to measure the SM and/or psoas muscle (PM) area using abdominal computed tomography (CT) at the third lumbar vertebra (L3), as it is linearly correlated to whole-body SM mass (van Vugt et al., 2016). According to a "North American Expert Opinion Statement on Sarcopenia," SM index (SMI) is the preferred measure of sarcopenia (Carey et al., 2019). The variability between morphometric muscle indexes revealed that they have different clinical relevance and are generally not applicable to broader populations (Esser et al., 2019).

Reliability assessment of permanent magnet brake based on accelerated bivariate Wiener degradation process.

Permanent magnet brake (PMB) is a safe and effective braking mechanism used to stop and hold the load in place. Due to its complex structure and high reliability, assessing the reliability of PMB remains a challenge. The main difficulty lies in that there are several performance indicators reflecting the health state of PMB, and they are correlated with each other. In order to assess the reliability of PMB more accurately, a constant stress accelerated degradation test (ADT) is carried out to collect degradation data of two main performance indicators in PMB. An accelerated bivariate Wiener degradation model is proposed to analyse the ADT data. In the proposed model, the relationship between degradation rate and stress levels is described by Arrhenius model, and a common random effect is introduced to describe the unit-to-unit variation and correlation between the two performance indicators. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm is performed to obtain the point and interval estimates of the model parameters. Finally, the proposed model and method are applied to analyse the accelerated degradation data of PMB, and the results show that the reliability of PMB at the used condition can be quantified quite well.

Does welfare stigma exist in China? Policy evaluation of the Minimum Living Security System on recipients' psychological health and wellbeing.

This paper analyzes the policy effects of China's largest social assistance program on the psychological health and wellbeing of the recipients by the regression discontinuity approach based on the 2014 China Family Panel Studies Survey (CFPS). By excluding other confounding factors and addressing the endogeneity problems, this paper shows that China's minimum living security system (MLSS) has produced significant welfare stigmatizing effects which have negatively influenced recipients' psychological health and wellbeing. The MLSS reduces recipients' self-satisfaction towards life, decreases the levels of happiness and self-confidence, and results in poorer interpersonal relationships and self-evaluations. It also increases the probabilities of feeling depressed, helpless and hopeless. The frequencies reporting having the difficulties of doing something are significantly higher among the MLSS recipients. Corresponding strategies and professional services are required for reducing the welfare stigmatizing effects on recipients' psychological health and wellbeing.

Regional Disparities in China in the Prevalence of Children Who Are Obese or Overweight.

China has experienced rapid socioeconomic transitions during the last three decades, which may result in a rising prevalence of overweight and obese children in China. This article aims to fill in the existing knowledge gap by an analysis of the China Health and Nutrition Survey data to study the national prevalence of children who are overweight and obese as well as how the regional disparities and age differences in prevalence have changed between 1989 and 2009.

Urban-Rural and Provincial Disparities in Child Malnutrition in China.

This article investigates how the nutritional deprivation and inequality among children in China by provinces and urban/rural areas has changed over time from 1991 to 2009 using the China Health and Nutrition Survey data. The children who were undernourished in stunting and underweight have declined over years, but provincial disparities were significant and urban children performed better than the rural peers. The nutritional deprivation of children has been alleviated in China over time, but more efforts should be made by the government to improve the nutritional condition in less developed provinces and for those children who are severely undernourished.