Portable and wearable electromyographic devices for the assessment of sleep bruxism and awake bruxism: A literature review.

OBJECTIVE: The current state of portable/wearable electromyographic (EMG) devices for assessment of bruxism was reviewed. METHODS: A search of full-text articles relevant to portable/wearable EMG devices capable of being used at home was performed. The data source used was MEDLINE via PubMed from January 1970 to July 2019. RESULTS: There were nine kinds of wearable EMG devices capable of being used under unrestrained conditions. Ultra-miniaturized wearable EMG devices with a level of performance equivalent to that of conventional stationary EMG devices have been developed and are being used during sleep and in the daytime. The devices have a high level of diagnostic accuracy for sleep bruxism. A definite cut-off value for awake bruxism has not been established. DISCUSSION: Assessment of sleep bruxism with a high level of accuracy can be performed using a portable/wearable EMG device. However, a definite cut-off value is required for assessment of awake bruxism.

Minimum measurement time of masseteric electromyogram required for assessment of awake bruxism during the daytime.

Objective: Assessments of diurnal awake bruxism (d-AB) using masseteric electromyogram (EMG) during various lengths of measurement time within a day were examined as the first step of research to clarify the minimum measurement time required for assessment of d-AB by subject.Methods: Subjects were 33 outpatients. Assessment of d-AB by EMG during partial measurement time (PMT) with durations ranging from 30 minutes to 6 hours was compared with that during total measurement time (TMT) used as the reference standard.Results: No significant difference was found between TMT data and PMT data. There were significant correlations in all combinations between TMT data and PMT data. Accuracy was 0.909 or more for 2.5 hours or longer.Discussion: The results suggest that the tendency of daytime muscle activity in 1 day can be assessed even by using masseteric EMG data obtained during a relatively short measurement time.