RESUMO
Climate change has been referred to as one of the greatest threats to human health, with reports citing likely increases in extreme meteorological events. In this study, we estimated the relationships between temperature and outpatients at a major hospital in Qingdao, China, during 2015-2017, and assessed the morbidity burden. The results showed that both low and high temperatures were associated with an increased risk of outpatient visits. High temperatures were responsible for more morbidity than low temperatures, with an attributed fraction (AF) of 16.86%. Most temperature-related burdens were attributed to moderate cold and hot temperatures, with AFs of 5.99% and 14.44%, respectively, with the young (0-17) and male showing greater susceptibility. The results suggest that governments should implement intervention measures to reduce the adverse effects of non-optimal temperatures on public health-especially in vulnerable groups.
Assuntos
Assistência Ambulatorial/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Temperatura Baixa/efeitos adversos , Doenças do Sistema Digestório/etiologia , Utilização de Instalações e Serviços/estatística & dados numéricos , Temperatura Alta/efeitos adversos , Doenças Respiratórias/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/terapia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , China/epidemiologia , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Doenças do Sistema Digestório/epidemiologia , Doenças do Sistema Digestório/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Distribuição de Poisson , Doenças Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Doenças Respiratórias/terapia , Fatores de Risco , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Household fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) pollution greatly impacts residents' health. To explore the current national situation of household PM2.5 pollution in China, a study was conducted based on literature published from 1998 to 2018. After extracting data from the literature in conformity with the requirements, the nationwide household-weighted mean concentration of household PM2.5 (HPL) was calculated. Subgroup analyses of spatial, geographic, and temporal differences were also done. The estimated overall HPL in China was 132.2 ± 117.7 µg/m3 . HPL in the rural area (164.3 ± 104.5 µg/m3 ) was higher than that in the urban area (123.9 ± 122.3 µg/m3 ). For HPLs of indoor sampling sites, the kitchen was the highest, followed by the bedroom and living room. There were significant differences of geographic distributions. The HPLs in the South were higher than the North in four seasons. The inhaled dose of household PM2.5 among school-age children differed from provinces with the highest dose up to 5.9 µg/(kg·d). Countermeasures should be carried out to reduce indoor pollution and safeguard health urgently.
