Guía de práctica clínica para el tamizaje y manejo del episodio depresivo leve en el primer nivel de atención del Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud) / Clinical practice guideline for the screening and management of the mild depressive episode at the first level of care for the Peruvian Social Security (EsSalud)

El presente artículo resume la guía de práctica clínica (GPC) para el tamizaje y el manejo del episodio depresivo leve en el primer nivel de atención en el Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud). Para el desarrollo de esta GPC, se conformó un grupo elaborador de la guía (GEG) que incluyó especialistas clínicos y metodólogos, el cual formuló 06 preguntas clínicas. Para responder cada pregunta se realizó búsquedas sistemáticas en PubMed y en repositorios de GPC, y se seleccionó la evidencia pertinente. La certeza de la evidencia fue evaluada usando la metodología Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). En reuniones periódicas, el GEG usó la metodología GRADE para revisar la evidencia y emitir las recomendaciones. Se emitieron siete recomendaciones (tres fuertes y cuatro condicionales), 28 puntos de buena práctica clínica, y dos flujogramas.

This paper summarizes the clinical practice guide (CPG) for the screening and management of mild depressive episode at the first level of care in the Social Security of Peru (EsSalud). A guideline development group (GDG) was established for develop this CPG, which included clinical and methodology specialists, who formulated 06 clinical questions. Systematic searches were conducted in Pubmed and GPC repositories to answer each question, and relevant evidence was selected. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. In periodic work meetings, the GDG used the GRADE methodology for reviewing the evidence and for developing recommendations. At the end, this CPG formulated 07 recommendations (03 strong and 04 conditional), 28 points of good clinical practice, and 02 flow charts were formulated.

Guía de práctica clínica para el diagnóstico y manejo de la osteoartritis en el Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud) / Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of osteoarthritis in Peruvian Social Security (EsSalud)

Este artículo resume la guía de práctica clínica (GPC) para el diagnóstico y manejo de pacientes con osteoartritis (OA) del Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud). Para su desarrollo se conformó un grupo elaborador de la guía (GEG) que incluyó a especialistas clínicos y metodólogos. Para responder las 13 preguntas clínicas planteadas se realizaron búsquedas sistemáticas en PubMed y repositorios de GPC. Se usó la metodología Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) para evaluar la certeza de la evidencia. Se emitieron 11 recomendaciones: tres fuertes (no solicitar de forma rutinaria radiografías para el diagnóstico de OA, brindar un plan individualizado de medidas de educación y autocuidado, indicar la realización de ejercicio físico) y ocho débiles (intervenciones para reducir el peso en personas con obesidad o sobrepeso, evitar el uso de paracetamol para el manejo de OA, promover el uso de AINE orales para el manejo de OA, evitar el uso de condroitín sulfato para el manejo de OA, evitar el uso de proloterapia para el manejo de OA, en adultos con OA y dolor refractario a manejo farmacológico considerar terapias adyuvantes como ultrasonido o similares, evitar el uso de terapia laser como adyuvante para el manejo de OA, evitar el uso de acupuntura para el manejo de OA); además, 20 puntos de buena práctica clínica y un flujograma de trabajo.

This paper summarizes the clinical practice guideline (CPG) for the diagnosis and management of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) in the Peruvian Social Security health system (EsSalud). A working group was formed for producing this guideline, and this group included both clinical specialists and methodologists. Systematic searches in PubMed and CPG repositories were performed aiming to answer the 13 clinical questions that were asked. The GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) method was used aiming to determine the certainty of evidence. Eleven recommendations were issued: three were strong (do not request X-ray films as routine practice, give an individualized plan including educational and self-care measures, and prescribe physical activity; and eight were weak (weight-reducing interventions for persons with obesity or who are overweight, avoid the use of paracetamol for OA management, promote the use of oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for OA management, avoid the use of chondroitin sulfate for OA management, avoid the use of prolotherapy for OA management in affected adults, particularly in those with refractory pain not responding to drug therapy, consider the use of adjuvant therapy, such as ultrasound and the like, avoid the use of laser therapies as adjuvant for OA management, and avoid the use of acupuncture for OA management); also, 20 items for good clinical practice and a workflow sheet were issued.

Guía de práctica clínica para la prevención y manejo del parto pretérmino en el Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud), 2018 / Peruvian Social Security (EsSalud) 2018 Clinical Practice Guidelines for prevention and management of preterm births

El presente artículo resume la guía de práctica clínica (GPC) para la prevención y manejo del parto pretérmino en el Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud). Para el desarrollo de esta GPC, se conformó un grupo elaborador de la guía (GEG) que incluyó especialistas clínicos y metodólogos, el cual formuló 11 preguntas clínicas. Para responder cada pregunta se realizó búsquedas sistemáticas en Pubmed y en repositorios de GPC, y se seleccionó la evidencia pertinente. La certeza de la evidencia fue evaluada usando la metodología Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). En reuniones periódicas, el GEG usó la metodología GRADE para revisar la evidencia y emitir las recomendaciones. Se emitieron 20 recomendaciones (13 fuertes y 7 condicionales), 24 puntos de buena práctica clínica, una recomendación de implementación y un flujograma.

This paper features a summary of the Peruvian Social Security (EsSalud) Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) for prevention and management of preterm birth. A specialized group was formed for writing this CPG, which included clinical and methodology specialists, who formulated 11 clinical questions. Systematic searches in PubMed and CPG repositories were performed aiming to answer the questions, and relevant evidence was selected. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. In regular work meetings, the specialized group used the GRADE approach for reviewing the evidence and for developing recommendations. At the end, this CPG formulated twenty recommendations (13 strong and 7 conditional), 24 good clinical practice points, one recommendation for implementation, and a flowchart.

Gaps in Guidelines for the Management of Diabetes in Low- and Middle-Income Versus High-Income Countries-A Systematic Review.

OBJECTIVE: The extent to which diabetes (DM) practice guidelines, often based on evidence from high-income countries (HIC), can be implemented to improve outcomes in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) is a critical challenge. We carried out a systematic review to compare type 2 DM guidelines in individual LMIC versus HIC over the past decade to identify aspects that could be improved to facilitate implementation. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Eligible guidelines were sought from online databases and websites of diabetes associations and ministries of health. Type 2 DM guidelines published between 2006 and 2016 with accessible full publications were included. Each of the 54 eligible guidelines was assessed for compliance with the Institute of Medicine (IOM) standards, coverage of the cardiovascular quadrangle (epidemiologic surveillance, prevention, acute care, and rehabilitation), translatability, and its target audiences. RESULTS: Most LMIC guidelines were inadequate in terms of applicability, clarity, and dissemination plan as well as socioeconomic and ethical-legal contextualization. LMIC guidelines targeted mainly health care providers, with only a few including patients (7%), payers (11%), and policy makers (18%) as their target audiences. Compared with HIC guidelines, the spectrum of DM clinical care addressed by LMIC guidelines was narrow. Most guidelines from the LMIC complied with less than half of the IOM standards, with 12% of the LMIC guidelines satisfying at least four IOM criteria as opposed to 60% of the HIC guidelines (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A new approach to the contextualization, content development, and delivery of LMIC guidelines is needed to improve outcomes.