Molecular identification and safety assessment of the potential probiotic strain Bacillus paralicheniformis HMPM220325 isolated from artisanal fruit dairy products.

Bacillus probiotics exhibit considerable economic potential owing to their heightened resilience to external stressors and relatively lower costs related to production and preservation. Although Bacillus paralicheniformis has been acknowledged as a plant-promoting bacterium for a long time, understanding its potential as a probiotic is still in its nascent stages. In this study, the safety and probiotic characteristics of a strain of HMPM220325, isolated from artisanal fruit dairy products, were examined through whole-genome sequencing and phenotypic analysis. The whole genome of HMPM220325 was analyzed for antimicrobial resistance genes, pathogenicity factors, and genes associated with probiotic traits including stress resistance, spore formation, gut adhesion, competitive exclusion of pathogens, bacteriocin expression, and carbohydrate metabolism related to prebiotic utilization. Also, wet lab experiments were conducted for the characterization of probiotics. The identification of the organism as B. paralicheniformis was verified. Its safety was assessed through in silico analysis, the haemolytic activity test, and the acute oral toxicity test. B. paralicheniformis HMPM220325 demonstrated its ability to survive in the pH range of 4-10 and bile salt concentrations of 0-0.9% (w/v), tolerate temperatures between 20 and 60 °C, and exhibit a robust antioxidant capacity. Moreover, B. paralicheniformis HMPM220325 demonstrated a moderate level of hydrophobicity, had the ability to form biofilms, achieved a self-aggregation rate of 51.77 ± 1.01% within 6 hours, and successfully colonized the mouse intestine for a duration of up to 17 days. Additionally, the genome of B. paralicheniformis HMPM220325 contains three gene clusters associated with the biosynthesis of bacteriocins and exhibits co-aggregation with Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. The findings of the genomic analysis align with those obtained from the experimental investigation, thereby substantiating the potential of B. paralicheniformis HMPM220325 as a probiotic suitable for incorporation in dairy functional foods and feed applications.

Revealing Disparities in Porous Networks Between Yttria Aerogel Assemblies with Nanosheets and Nanoparticles and Their Ultrathermal Insulation and Optical Properties.

Recent advancements have introduced anisotropic structures, particularly 2D nanosheets, into aerogels, resulting in unique morphologies and exceptional properties that differ from those assembled by isotropic nanoparticles. However, exploration of the distinct porous networks and the resulting properties is limited. We focus on rare earth yttria (Y2O3) aerogels as a case in point and demonstrate the synthesis of aerogels with nanosheet and nanoparticle assemblies using elaborative sol-gel chemistry. With the aid of X-ray computed tomography, three-dimensional visualizations of the aerogels provide relative compressive views of the porous network, revealing that the Y2O3 aerogel assembled by nanosheets possesses a hierarchical pore structure characterized by uneven pore distribution, particularly the presence of macropores throughout; in contrast, these consist of nanoparticles exhibiting a relative uniform pore distribution. High-temperature examinations indicate that the nanosheet aerogels are much more stable with a specific surface area of 64 m2·g-1 after being exposed at 1300 °C; meanwhile, the aerogels present durable and efficient thermal insulation performances. The exceptional thermal properties are attributed to the synergistic effects of the nanosheets' crystalline nature and the hierarchical porous network. The nanosheet Y2O3 aerogel also exhibited superior luminescent emission characteristics, further enhancing its potential for various applications. Our findings provide further insights into optimization of the microstructures in nanoporous aerogels, particularly through the utilization of anisotropic nanosheets.

Nudge for justice: An ERP investigation of default effects on trade-offs between equity and efficiency.

Default options are an increasingly common tool used by organizations, managers, and policymakers to guide individuals' behavior. We wondered whether the known preference for default options could constitute a nudge to achieve more equitable or more efficient results. Combining with event-related potentials, we found that both the default option and distributive justice contributed significantly to decision-making. The N200s and P300s were extracted using the tensor decomposition, which showed superiority in terms of capturing multi-domain features. The results demonstrated that greater brain activity associated with conflict monitoring was elicited in the trade-off between equity and efficiency when the default could not represent a socially desirable action. Besides, participants attached more motivational/affective significance to equitable defaults than inequitable default options. Further, individuals with larger neural response differences between equitable and inequitable defaults appeared to be more inequity aversion in behavior. These findings offer a novel perspective on the role of default effects on distributive justice, while contributing to both organizational policy and practice by using the default to improve social welfare.

[Research on situation and countermeasure of Erigeron breviscapus plant production].

For more than ten years, Erigeron breviscapus has been used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, it experienced the procedure from wild species to the cultivars, and the quality of drug was rapidly improved. In order to further promote the development of E. breviscapus planting industry, this paper analyzes the development status and existing problems of E. breviscapus planting. Some measures would be come forward, such as strengthen the government's policy support and industrial regulate, accelerate the industry standard and technological innovation, expand brand effect of E. breviscapus of Yunnan, so that the industry has the health and sustainable development.