Classification and immunotherapy assessment of lung adenocarcinoma based on coagulation-related genes.

Introduction: This study on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), a common lung cancer subtype with high mortality. Aims: This study focuses on how tumor cell interactions affect immunotherapy responsiveness. Methods: Using public databases, we used non-negative matrix factorization clustering method, ssGSEA, CIBERSORT algorithm, immunophenotype score, survival analysis, protein-protein interaction network method to analyze gene expression data and coagulation-related genes. Results: We divided LUAD patients into three coagulation-related subgroups with varying immune characteristics and survival rates. A cluster of three patients, having the highest immune infiltration and survival rate, also showed the most potential for immunotherapy. We identified five key genes influencing patient survival using a protein-protein interaction network. Conclusion: This research offers valuable insights for forecasting prognosis and immunotherapy responsiveness in LUAD patients, helping to inform clinical treatment strategies.

Health risk assessment of groundwater nitrogen pollution in Yinchuan plain.

High nitrogen concentration of groundwater poses a threat to human health. This study evaluated the potential health risk of nitrogen pollution in Yinchuan plain by geostatistical analysis and triangular stochastic model considering different land use types, and identified the uncertainties of the parameters. 163 samples were collected from groundwater wells in different land use types. The results show that the concentration of NO3--N ranges from 0.059 to 450 mg/L, with an average of 22.439 mg/L. Approximately 32% of the samples exceed Grade III threshold (20 mg/L of N). The concentration of NH4+-N ranges from 0.011 to 11 mg/L, with an average of 0.456 mg/L. The concentration of NO2--N ranges from 0.003 to 9.09 mg/L The NO3--N and NH4+-N concentration in the groundwater of the unutilized land use is significantly lowest among all the land types. The concentration of nitrogen is highest in farmland use. The ranking of non-carcinogenic risk under different land types for infants, children, adult males and females is: farmland use > residential land use> unutilized land use. The non-carcinogenic risk value of farmland use is three times as much as that of the residential land use. Drinking groundwater can be potentially harmful to human health, and nitrogen pollutants pose an even greater threat to infant. At the same time, considering the impact of different land use types on groundwater would avoid overestimating or underestimating regional risk value. Triangular stochastic model is more sensitive to data changes and can reduce uncertainty. The contribution rate of nitrate concentration to risk is more than 83%, indicating that random sampling is needed to improve the reliability of evaluation results. The research results of this study will provide a new way to solve the uncertainty in groundwater security management.

[Spatial Distribution Characteristics, Source Apportionment, and Risk Assessment of Topsoil PAHs in the Core Area of the Ningdong Energy and Chemical Industry Base].

In order to evaluate the pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the topsoil of the core area of the Ningdong Energy and Chemical Industry Base, 146 representative topsoil samples were collected using the grid method and the contents of 16 priority PAHs were analyzed. The results showed that the content of ΣPAHs in topsoil ranged from ND to 123.12 mg·kg-1 with an average of 10.19 mg·kg-1. There were three high PAHs distribution areas in the northwest, southwest, and east of the core area. The source apportionment showed that the sources of PAHs in the Ningdong base were complex, and the main pollution sources were petroleum, coal combustion, traffic, and gasoline, which contributed 39.4%, 33.3%, 19.2%, and 8.1% to the total PAHs sources, respectively. The ecological risk assessment of the quality basis and quality standard method showed that the ecological impact of PAHs in the core area was slight and the possibility of negative ecological effects was low. The results of the health risk assessment showed that the order of exposure of the topsoil PAHs was skin contact > swallowing > respiratory inhalation, and the topsoil PAHs in the core area of the Ningdong base posed no potential carcinogenic risk to people of different ages.