Prototipo de multimedia educativa para la enseñanza-aprendizaje de los indicadores del recurso cama hospitalaria. Cuba, 2020 / Educational Multimedia Prototype for teach-learn Indicators of Hospital Bed Resource. Cuba, 2020

Introducción: En la Facultad de Tecnología de la Salud se estudia la carrera Sistemas de Información en Salud que incluye en su plan de estudios diversas asignaturas como Sistemas de Información de Estadísticas de Salud, en la que se incluye el estudio de los indicadores hospitalarios del recurso cama; materia que se imparte de forma tradicional y no tiene una herramienta tecnológica de apoyo que facilite el proceso educativo. Objetivo: Diseñar un prototipo de multimedia educativa que favorezca el auto-aprendizaje de los indicadores del recurso cama hospitalaria en la asignatura Sistemas de Información de Estadísticas de Salud de la carrera Sistemas de Información en Salud. Método: Se realizó un estudio de desarrollo tecnológico donde fueron encuestados estudiantes y se entrevistó a la profesora de la asignatura para la obtención de la información. Se utilizó la metodología de Proceso Unificado de Desarrollo y el Lenguaje Unificado de Modelado. Se emplearon las herramientas Visual Paradigm para el modelado, Axure para la creación del prototipo y Mediator para el futuro diseño de la multimedia. Resultados: Se identificaron los problemas de aprendizaje desde la visión de alumnos y profesores, lo que permitió diseñar el prototipo de multimedia educativa sobre los indicadores hospitalarios del recurso cama, que fue considerado útil y pertinente. Conclusiones: Se diseñó un prototipo de multimedia educativa que de manera combinada con el método actual de enseñanza facilitarán y efectuarán de forma dinámica las actividades en el proceso docente educativo(AU)

Introduction: Health Information Systems career is included In the Faculty of Health Technology; the career have in its curriculum subjects as Health Statistics Information Systems, in which the study of hospital resource bed indicators is carried out; the subject is taught in a traditional way and does not have a technological support tool that facilitates the educational process. Objective: To design an educational multimedia prototype that favors self-learning of the indicators of the hospital bed resource in the Health Statistics Information Systems subject of the Health Information Systems career. Method: A survey of students and interview of teachers permitted to obtain the information needed to carry out a study of technological development using Unified Development Process methodology and Unified Modeling Language; Visual Paradigm tools were used for modeling; Axure for prototyping and Mediator for future multimedia design. Results: there were identified learning problems from the perspective of students and teachers, which allowed the design of the educational multimedia prototype on hospital bed resource indicators, considering it useful and pertinent. Conclusions: The design of the educational multimedia prototype, combined with the current teaching method, will facilitate and dynamically carry out the activities in the educational teaching process(AU)

Valoración de una metodología para integrar software educativo en la asignatura Rehabilitación estomatológica / Assessment of a methodology to integrate educational software in Stomatological Rehabilitation Subject

Introducción: Al elaborar una metodología resulta importante obtener los criterios de expertos antes de su aplicación. En un periodo precedente a esta investigación se elaboró una metodología con etapas y procedimientos para el desarrollo de software educativo. Objetivo: Valorar la pertinencia de la metodología para la integración de software educativo en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de las asignaturas Rehabilitación I y II de Estomatología. Método: Se realizó una investigación pedagógica en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Holguín. Para valorar la pertinencia de la metodología se aplicó el método Delphi, a partir del cual, mediante una encuesta aplicada a 17 expertos seleccionados por su alto coeficiente de competencia en la temática, se pudo llegar a un consenso sobre el tema explorado. Resultados: La aplicación del cuestionario reveló que la mayoría de los expertos consideró cada indicador de la dimensión validez como muy adecuado, solo uno evaluó el indicador etapas de la metodología como adecuado y los procedimientos de la etapa dos como bastante adecuados. Para la dimensión viabilidad casi la totalidad consideró muy adecuados los indicadores factibilidad de aplicación y posibilidad de generalización; esta última fue evaluada por un experto como adecuada. Al comparar los resultados de los siete indicadores con los puntos de corte se aprecia que los expertos en su conjunto los definen como muy adecuados. Conclusiones: La pertinencia de la metodología se constató con el criterio consensuado de los expertos, quienes consideraron muy adecuados los aspectos valorados, y realizaron aportes que permitieron perfeccionarla antes de su implementación. Sobre estas bases no fue necesaria una segunda etapa de aplicación del método(AU)

Introduction: When developing a methodology, it is important to obtain the criteria of experts before its application. In a period preceding this research, a methodology with stages and procedures was defined for the development of educational software. Objective: To assess the relevance of the methodology for the integration of educational software in the teaching-learning process of the subjects Rehabilitation I and II of Stomatology. Method: A pedagogical research was carried out at the University Of Medical Sciences Of Holguín. To assess the relevance of the methodology, the Delphi method was applied, from which, through a survey applied to 17 experts selected for their high coefficient of competence in the subject, a consensus could be reached on the explored topic. Results: The application of the questionnaire revealed that most of the experts considered each indicator of the validity dimension as very adequate; only one evaluated the indicator stages of the methodology as adequate and the procedures of stage two as quite adequate. For the feasibility dimension, almost all considered the feasibility of application and possibility of generalization indicators to be very adequate; the latter was evaluated by an expert as adequate. When comparing the results of the seven indicators with the cut-off points, it can be seen that the experts as a whole define them as very adequate. Conclusions: The relevance of the methodology was verified with the agreed criteria of the experts, who considered the aspects evaluated to be very adequate, and made contributions that allowed it to be perfected before its implementation. On these bases, a second stage of application of the method was not necessary(AU)

Ambientes de trabalho de enfermagem durante a covid-19: contribuições para desenvolver uma ferramenta tecnológica / Ambientes de trabajo de enfermería durante covid-19: contribuciones para desarrollar una herramienta tecnológica / Nursing work environments during covid-19: contributions to develop a technological tool

Objetivo: avaliar o impacto da COVID-19 nos ambientes de trabalho de enfermagem e desenvolver uma ferramenta tecnológica para avaliar sistematicamente a qualificação desses contextos. Método: pesquisa de método misto realizada em seis hospitais portugueses, com participação de 442 enfermeiros. Utilizou-se um questionário com caracterização sociodemográfica e profissional, a Scale for the Environments Evaluation of Professional Nursing Practice e questões abertas. Resultados: a COVID-19 teve impacto negativo nos componentes Estrutura (ƿ<0,001), Processo (ƿ<0,001) e Resultado (ƿ=0,009) dos ambientes de trabalho de enfermagem. A monitorização da qualidade dos ambientes de trabalho foi apontada como uma estratégia de melhoria. A ferramenta tecnológica desenvolvida permite identificar precocemente as dimensões mais fragilizadas e priorizar melhorias. Conclusão: a COVID-19 repercutiu negativamente nos ambientes de trabalho. A ferramenta tecnológica construída, que tornou mais dinâmica a avaliação dos ambientes de trabalho, além de garantir o envolvimento dos enfermeiros, constitui uma importante ferramenta de gestão.

Objetivo: evaluar el impacto de COVID-19 en los entornos de trabajo de enfermería y desarrollar una herramienta tecnológica para evaluar sistemáticamente la calificación de estos contextos. Método: investigación de método mixto realizada en seis hospitales portugueses, con participación de 442 enfermeros. Se utilizó un cuestionario con caracterización sociodemográfica y profesional, la Scale for the Environments Evaluation of Professional Nursing Practice y cuestiones abiertas. Resultados: La COVID-19 tuvo impacto negativo en los componentes Estructura (ƿ<0,001), Proceso (ƿ<0,001) y Resultado (ƿ=0,009) de los ambientes de trabajo de enfermería. La monitorización de la calidad de los entornos de trabajo fue apuntada como una estrategia de mejora. La herramienta tecnológica desarrollada permite identificar precozmente las dimensiones más fragilizadas y priorizar mejoras. Conclusión: COVID-19 tuvo un impacto negativo en los entornos de trabajo. La herramienta tecnológica construida, que hizo más dinámica la evaluación de los ambientes de trabajo, además de garantizar la participación de los enfermeros, constituye una importante herramienta de gestión.

Objective: to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on nursing work environments and to develop a technological tool to assess systematically the qualification of these contexts. Method: mixed method research conducted in six Portuguese hospitals, with the participation of 442 nurses. The questionnaire used contained sociodemographic and professional characterization, which was the Scale for the Environments Evaluation of Professional Nursing Practice and open questions. Results: COVID-19 had a negative impact on the components Structure (ƿ<0,001), Process (ƿ<0,001) and Result (ƿ=0,009) of nursing work environments. The monitoring of the quality of the work environments was pointed out as an improvement strategy. The technological tool developed allows identifying the most fragile dimensions early and prioritizing improvements. Final considerations: COVID-19 had a negative impact on work environments. The technological tool built, which made the evaluation of work environments more dynamic, in addition to ensuring the involvement of nurses, is an important management tool.

Índices: una herramienta tecnológica para el aprendizaje de la epidemiología bucal / Índices: Technological Tool for Learning Oral Epidemiology

El uso de las aplicaciones informáticas facilita en la actualidad el quehacer de los docentes en la educación médica superior. El objetivo fue confeccionar una aplicación con soporte en dispositivos móviles y computadoras como herramienta para el aprendizaje de la Epidemiología Bucal en la carrera de Estomatología. Se realizó un estudio de desarrollo tecnológico en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Granma, de septiembre del 2018 a junio del 2019. Para la confección de la aplicación se identificaron como etapas de trabajo la búsqueda y recopilación de información, selección de herramientas y el diseño. Se validó el producto mediante criterio de expertos en la materia. La efectividad de la utilización del producto se evaluó mediante una prueba pedagógica a los estudiantes que integraron la muestra. La aplicación mostró un diseño claro y atractivo. Ofrece una libre navegación donde se puede llegar, rápido y fácilmente al contenido deseado. En su totalidad los expertos evaluaron el producto de muy adecuado, y todos los usuarios emitieron el criterio de bien en los indicadores medidos. Se concluyó que la herramienta confeccionada permitió al estudiante de estomatología interactuar con los contenidos de la asignatura Epidemiología Bucal, considerándose útil como material de apoyo a la docencia(AU)

The use of computer applications currently facilitates the work of teachers in higher medical education. The objective was to create an application with support for mobile devices and computers as a tool for learning Oral Epidemiology in Stomatology. A study of technological development was carried out at the University of Medical Sciences of Granma, from September 2018 to June 2019. For the preparation of the application, the search and collection of information, selection of tools and design were identified as work stages. The product was validated by the criteria of experts in the field. The effectiveness of use of the product was evaluated by means of a pedagogical test to the students who made up the sample. The application showed a clear and attractive design. It offers free navigation where you can quickly and easily reach the desired content. In its entirety, the experts evaluated the product as very adequate, and all users gave the criterion of good in the measured indicators. It was concluded that the tool allowed the stomatology student to interact with the contents of the subject Oral Epidemiology, considering it useful as a teaching support material(AU)

Valoración estudiantil de la Disciplina Informática en la Carrera de Enfermería, Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, 2021 / Student Assessment of the Informatics Discipline in the Nursing Career, Bolívar State University, 2021

Introducción: El desarrollo tecnológico actual incide de manera especial en el sector de la salud originando cambios en la actuación de sus profesionales, en particular la actividad de enfermería es un espacio donde la disponibilidad de recursos tecnológicos aporta precisión, dinamismo e inmediatez, que facilitan análisis asertivos y toma de decisiones para con el paciente, a favor de la mejora en su calidad de vida. El profesional de enfermería requiere de conocimientos y habilidades durante su formación que le faciliten su inserción en el espacio laboral en correspondencia con la realidad actual. Objetivo: Describir la apreciación de los estudiantes de Enfermería del Programa de Rediseño de la Universidad Estatal de Bolívar con respecto al beneficio que les proporciona el estudio de la disciplina Informática. Método: Estudio transversal con carácter exploratorio y descriptivo, se aplica encuesta estructurada. Resultados: Se identifica como muy beneficioso el estudio de las materias informáticas como parte de su formación profesional, así como por su aplicación en la atención primaria de salud. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes tienen la percepción de que las materias informáticas estudiadas son de relevancia como parte de su formación, y de que estas influyen en su desempeño profesional futuro(AU)

Introduction: The current technological development has a special impact on the health sector, causing changes in the performance of its professionals; the nursing activity is in particular a space where the availability of technological resources provides precision, dynamism, and immediacy that facilitate analysis assertiveness and decision-making with the patient, in favor of improving their quality of life. The nursing professional requires knowledge and skills during their training that facilitate their insertion into the workplace in accordance with the current reality. Objective: To describe the appreciation of nursing students of the Bolívar State University Redesign Program regarding the benefit provided by the study of the Informatics discipline. Method: Cross-sectional study with an exploratory and descriptive nature, a structured survey is applied. Results: The study of computer science subjects as part of their professional training is identified as very beneficial, as well as for their application in primary health care. Conclusions: Students have the perception that the computer science subjects studied are relevant as part of their training, and that they influence their future professional performance(AU)

Flexibilidad académica innovadora en Licenciatura Médico Cirujano y Partero en tiempos de pandemia: mirada valorativa / Innovative academic flexibility in Medical-Surgical and Midwifery Bachelor's Degree in times of pandemic: evaluative view

RESUMEN Fundamento: la flexibilidad académica y los métodos de virtualidad resultan procesos complejos en la formación médica para catedráticos, alumnos y familia. Objetivo: valorar acciones trazadas para la flexibilidad académica en la Licenciatura Médico Cirujano y Partero en tiempos de COVID-19, en la carrera de Medicina en el Centro Universitario Siglo XXI, en México. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo en la carrera Médico Cirujano y Partero desde abril a diciembre de 2020. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos: análisis- síntesis e inducción-deducción; empíricos: análisis documental y observacional de programas, tareas docentes, plataformas digitales, drive y otros, y la observación de los profesores y tutores en escenarios virtuales por cámara. Resultados: el análisis documental y las acciones observacionales a profesores y alumnos en diversos escenarios permitió constatar las actividades formativas con interacción virtual, usando las tecnologías de la informática. La virtualidad se convirtió en oportunidad innovadora ante situaciones de crisis. Las actividades docentes fueron colaborativas y de interacción, situaciones clínicas innovadoras y de simulación. Los resultados muestran elevada diversidad. Sin dudas, reclama a las autoridades universitarias y otros niveles de dirección docente estar atentos para frenar la desigualdad educativa y social que la COVID-19 puede provocar. Conclusiones: se logró la continuidad en la carrera en condiciones de pandemia por COVID-19, aplicando la flexibilidad académica y las nuevas tecnologías con énfasis en lo formativo integral y el equilibrio entre lo instructivo y lo educativo.

ABSTRACT Background: academic flexibility and virtual methods are complex processes in medical training for professors, students and families. Objective: to assess actions for academic flexibility in the Medical-Surgical and Midwifery Bachelor's Degree in times of COVID-19, in the Medicine degree at the Siglo XXI University Center, in Mexico. Methods: a descriptive study with a qualitative approach was carried out in the Medical-Surgical and Midwifery degree from April to December 2020. Theoretical methods were used: analysis-synthesis and induction-deduction; empirical ones: documentary and observational analysis of programs, teaching tasks, electronic platforms, drive and others, and the observation of teachers and tutors in virtual scenarios by camera. Results: the documentary analysis and the observational actions to teachers and students in various scenarios allowed verifying the training activities with virtual interaction, using information technology. The virtual environment became an innovative opportunity in crisis situations. The teaching activities were collaborative and interactive, innovative clinical situations and simulation. The results show high diversity. Undoubtedly, it calls on the university authorities and other levels of teaching leadership to be vigilant to curb the educational and social inequality that COVID-19 can cause. Conclusions: continuity in the degree was achieved in conditions of a COVID-19 pandemic, applying academic flexibility and new technologies with an emphasis on comprehensive training and the balance between instructive and educational.

Metodología para la evaluación del impacto de la capacitación en organizaciones de información científica tecnológica / Methodology to evaluate the impact of training in technical and scientific information organizations

Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo desarrollar una metodología para evaluar el impacto de la capacitación en una organización de información científica tecnológica, la cual integra las principales corrientes sobre el proceso de capacitación. Se utilizó el método de experto con el objetivo de determinar las causas-efecto que inciden la capacitación, así como el método Saaty o proceso de análisis jerárquico, para jerarquizar las causas que inciden en este proceso y optimizar la toma de decisiones. La metodología desarrollada integra las principales corrientes en el estudio de evaluación del impacto de la capacitación que −a partir de tres fases (preparación de la evaluación, implementación de la evaluación y análisis de los resultados), así como del conjunto de indicadores, con la correspondiente retroalimentación− permite la mejora continua del contexto en que se analice a nivel individual y organizacional. Por último, se valida la metodología mediante el índice de consenso de expertos(AU)

The purpose of the study was to develop a methodology to evaluate the impact of training in a technical and scientific information organization, integrating the main trends about the training process. The expert method was used to determine the causes - effects affecting training, whereas Saaty's method or analytic hierarchy process was used to hierarchically arrange the causes influencing this process and optimize decision making. The methodology developed integrates the main trends found in the study of training impact evaluation, starting from three stages (evaluation preparation, evaluation implementation and analysis of results) as well as the set of indicators and the corresponding feedback, allowing the permanent improvement of the context in which it is analyzed on an individual and organizational level. Finally, the methodology was validated with the expert consensus index(AU)

Mapas mentales sobre tronco encefálico: su pertinencia en la dirección del trabajo independiente desde Morfofisiología / Mental maps on brainstem: its relevance in the direction of independent work from Morphology-physiology

RESUMEN Fundamento: el trabajo independiente se fortalece con el uso de medios de enseñanza, entre ellos, los mapas mentales. Objetivo: confeccionar mapas mentales sobre las configuraciones externa e interna del tronco encefálico para contribuir a la dirección del trabajo independiente desde la disciplina Morfofisiología, utilizando la tecnología móvil. Métodos: se realizó una investigación de desarrollo tecnológico en la Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad Médica de Pinar del Río, durante el curso 2019-2020. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos: análisis-síntesis y abstracción-concreción; y empíricos: cuestionario y análisis documental para la fundamentación y recogida de información. Los mapas mentales fueron diseñados utilizando la aplicación para Android, Mindomo versión 3.0.15. Resultados: se confeccionaron los mapas mentales que permitieron representar gráficamente los contenidos relacionados con la configuración externa e interna del tronco encefálico, constituido por modelos tridimensionales y apoyados en la tecnología móvil. Conclusiones: fueron valorados por criterio de especialistas quienes consideraron como adecuadas su pertinencia, la factibilidad de aplicación del producto, y su utilidad para perfeccionar el trabajo independiente en la disciplina Morfofisiología.

ABSTRACT Background: independent work is strengthened with the use of teaching aids, including mind maps. Objective: to make mental maps on the external and internal configurations of the brain stem to contribute to the direction of independent work from the Morphology-physiology discipline, using mobile technology. Methods: a technological development investigation was carried out at Pinar del Río Faculty of Dentistry of the Medical University, during the 2019-2020 academic year. Theoretical methods were used: analysis-synthesis and abstraction-concretion; and empirical ones: questionnaire and documentary analysis for the foundation and collection of information. The mind maps were designed using the Mindomo version 3.0.15 application for Android. Results: mental maps were made that allowed to graphically represent the contents related to the external and internal configuration of the brainstem, made up of three-dimensional models and supported by mobile technology. Conclusions: their relevance, the feasibility of applying the product, and its usefulness to improve independent work in the Morphology-physiology discipline were evaluated by the criteria of specialists who considered them adequate.

HypertensionWeb: sitio web sobre hipertensión arterial para estudiantes de las ciencias médicas / HypertensionWeb: Hypertension website for medical science students

RESUMEN Fundamento: las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones constituyen un medio efectivo para el aprendizaje en todos los niveles de enseñanza, incluyendo las ciencias médicas. Objetivo: diseñar un sitio web para satisfacer las necesidades de aprendizaje sobre hipertensión arterial en estudiantes de las ciencias médicas. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de desarrollo tecnológico en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Granma, en el período de septiembre 2017 a enero 2018. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos y empíricos. Se validó el producto mediante el método Delphi y se comprobó su efectividad mediante un cuestionario aplicado antes y después de aplicado el producto. Resultados: se elaboró una herramienta efectiva para el aprendizaje de los contenidos relacionados con la hipertensión arterial por estudiantes de las ciencias médicas. Antes de aplicar el sitio web, la mayoría de los estudiantes reflejaron un bajo nivel de conocimientos sobre la hipertensión arterial, resultado revertido después de aplicarlo cuando la mayoría alcanzó un alto nivel en la asimilación de su patología. Conclusiones: el sitio web diseñado fue valorado de forma positiva por los expertos quienes consideraron apropiada su generalización en la docencia; los usuarios también emitieron opiniones favorables y su efectividad resultó demostrada al elevar el nivel de conocimientos en los estudiantes para los que fue creado.

ABSTRACT Background: information and communication technologies are an effective medium for learning at all levels of education, including medical sciences. Objective: to design a website to meet the learning needs on high blood pressure in medical science students. Method: a technological development study was carried out at Granma University of Medical Sciences, from September 2017 to January 2018. Theoretical and empirical methods were used. The product was validated using the Delphi method and its effectiveness was verified by means of a questionnaire applied before and after its implementation. Results: an effective tool was developed for the learning of the contents related to arterial hypertension by students of the medical sciences. Before applying the website, most of the students showed a low level of knowledge on hypertension, this situation changed after applying it when the majority reached a high level in the assimilation on this pathology. Conclusions: the designed website was positively valued by the experts who considered its generalization in teaching appropriate; Users also gave favorable opinions and its effectiveness was demonstrated by raising the level of knowledge in the students for whom it was created.

Human remote mobile medical information collection method based on internet of things and intelligent algorithm / Método de coleta de informações médicas móveis à distância baseado na internet das coisas e no algoritmo inteligente / Métodos de reunión de información sobre telemedicina móvil basados en la red de materia y algoritmos inteligentes

ABSTRACT In the environment of rapid social and economic development, the reform of medical informatization is constantly advancing, and the residents pay more and more attention to their own health status while improving their living standards. The traditional medical service system has some disadvantages in providing real-time, cross regional, long-term and easy-to-operate health services, which has become increasingly inadequate to meet the health needs of users. In order to solve the problem of difficulty in seeing a doctor caused by limited medical resources, and to carry out real-time health monitoring for a large number of groups suffering from chronic diseases and sub-health groups, this study conducted in-depth analysis and experimental exploration on the human remote mobile medical information collection method based on the Internet of things and intelligent algorithm. It established the information collection section by using KbaC clustering algorithm based on ant colony point system which, combined with a comparative study on the health indicators of related groups, has successfully proved that the Internet of things technology and intelligent algorithm for medical information collection and follow-up medical services are of certain positive significance, based on the Internet of things and other related technologies of human remote medical information collection system that can accurately and timely detect the patient's blood pressure, blood sugar and other health data, and then provide corresponding medical services.

RESUMO No ambiente de rápido desenvolvimento do nível social e econômico, a reforma da informatização médica está constantemente avançando, e os residentes prestam cada vez mais atenção ao seu próprio estado de saúde, melhorando ao Mesmo tempo seu padrão de vida. O sistema tradicional de serviços médicos tem algumas desvantagens em fornecer serviços de saúde em tempo real, transfronteiriços, de longo prazo e fáceis de operar, o que vem se tornando cada vez mais inadequado para satisfazer as necessidades de saúde dos usuários. A fim de resolver o problema a da dificuldade em consultar um médico por devido a recursos médicos limitados, e para realizar a monitorização da saúde em tempo real para um grande número de grupos que sofrem de doenças crônicas e subgrupos de saúde, este estudo conduziu uma análise aprofundada e uma exploração experimental sobre o método de coleta de informações médicas móvel à distância humana baseado na Internet das coisas e algoritmo inteligente. Estabeleceu a seção de coleta de informações utilizando o algoritmo de clustering KbaC baseado no sistema de pontos de colônias de formigas que, juntamente com um estudo comparativo sobre os indicadores de saúde dos Grupos conexos, conseguiu provar que a tecnologia da Internet das coisas e o algoritmo inteligente para a coleta de informações médicas e acompanhamento dos serviços médicos têm certa relevância positiva baseada na Internet das coisas e outras tecnologias relacionadas ao sistema de coleta de informações médicas remotas humanas, podendo detectar com precisão e tempo hábil a pressão arterial do paciente, a glicose e outros dados de saúde, e, em seguida, fornecer o serviço médico correspondente.

RESUMEN En un entorno de rápido desarrollo social y económico, la reforma de la informatización médica avanza constantemente y las personas prestan cada vez más atención a su estado de salud mientras mejoran su nivel de vida. El sistema de servicio médico tradicional tiene deficiencias en la prestación de servicios de salud en tiempo real, transregionales, a largo plazo y fáciles de operar, los que se han vuelto cada vez más inadecuados para satisfacer las necesidades de salud de los usuarios. Este estudio realizó un análisis con el objetivo de resolver la dificultad para consultar al médico debido a la limitación de los recursos, y de realizar un seguimiento de la salud en tiempo real de un gran número de grupos que padecen enfermedades crónicas. Dicho trabajo realizó un análisis en profundidad y de exploración experimental acerca del método de recopilación de información médica humana móvil remoto basado en Internet de las cosas y el algoritmo inteligente. Estableció la sección de recopilación de información utilizando el algoritmo de agrupación KbaC basado en el sistema de puntos de colonia de hormigas. Esto, combinado con un estudio comparativo sobre los indicadores de salud de grupos relacionados, ha demostrado con éxito que la tecnología de Internet de las cosas y el algoritmo inteligente para la recopilación y seguimiento de información médica son de importancia positiva, y que pueden detectar de manera precisa y oportuna la presión arterial, el azúcar en sangre y otros datos de salud del paciente, para luego proporcionar la atención médica correspondiente.

A digital health profile & maturity assessment toolkit: cocreation and testing in the Pacific Islands.

INTRODUCTION: Countries need to determine their level of digital health capability maturity to assess and mobilize their knowledge, skills, and resources to systematically develop, implement, evaluate, scale up and maintain large-scale implementations of standards-based interoperable digital health tools. OBJECTIVE: Develop a Digital Health Profile and Maturity Assessment Toolkit (DHPMAT) to assist Pacific Island Countries (PICs) to harness digital tools to support national health priorities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature review guided the development of the conceptual framework to underpin the DHPMAT. Key informants collaborated to collect key digital health features and indicators to inform their country's digital health maturity assessment. The DHPMAT was tested with country stakeholders at a Pacific Health Information Network workshop in 2019. RESULTS: A comprehensive list of indicators to describe country digital health profiles (DHP). A digital health maturity assessment tool that uses criteria codeveloped with country stakeholders to assess essential digital health foundations and quality improvement. DHPs created and maturity assessed and packaged into individualized DHPMATs for 13 PICs. PIC users perceived the DHPMAT as useful, especially the congruence with the 2017 WHO WPRO Regional Strategy but noted a "cognitive overload" from a plethora of complex digital health toolkits. CONCLUSIONS: The cocreation approach optimized currency, accuracy, and appropriateness of information in the DHP, understanding, and use of the DHPMAT to facilitate informed iterative discussion by PICs on their digital health maturity to harness digital tools to strengthen country health systems. The DHPMAT can rationalize the choice and use of existing tools and reduce cognitive overload.

The emerging role of clinical informatics fellows in service learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: The study sought to describe the contributions of clinical informatics (CI) fellows to their institutions' coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) response. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We designed a survey to capture key domains of health informatics and perceptions regarding fellows' application of their CI skills. We also conducted detailed interviews with select fellows and described their specific projects in a brief case series. RESULTS: Forty-one of the 99 CI fellows responded to our survey. Seventy-five percent agreed that they were "able to apply clinical informatics training and interest to the COVID-19 response." The most common project types were telemedicine (63%), reporting and analytics (49%), and electronic health record builds and governance (32%). Telehealth projects included training providers on existing telehealth tools, building entirely new virtual clinics for video triage of COVID-19 patients, and pioneering workflows and implementation of brand-new emergency department and inpatient video visit types. Analytics projects included reports and dashboards for institutional leadership, as well as developing digital contact tracing tools. For electronic health record builds, fellows directly contributed to note templates with embedded screening and testing guidance, adding COVID-19 tests to order sets, and validating clinical triage workflows. DISCUSSION: Fellows were engaged in projects that span the breadth of the CI specialty and were able to make system-wide contributions in line with their educational milestones. CONCLUSIONS: CI fellows contributed meaningfully and rapidly to their institutions' response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Percentiles app: herramienta pediátrica para la evaluación y aprendizaje del estado nutricional / Percentiles app: pediatric tool for the assessment and learning of nutritional status

RESUMEN Fundamento: la utilización de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones como herramientas para diseñar recursos del aprendizaje garantiza un proceso docente de calidad en el contexto universitario. Objetivo: diseñar una aplicación eficaz en la búsqueda de los percentiles pediátricos, para dispositivos móviles con sistema operativo Android y ordenadores. Métodos: se realizó una investigación de desarrollo e innovación tecnológica durante el curso 2015-2016 en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Manzanillo. Se emplearon métodos teóricos: histórico-lógico, análisis-síntesis y sistémico-estructural; y empíricos: la encuesta en forma de entrevista. Para el diseño de la aplicación se utilizó el sistema operativo Ubuntu 14.04, como herramientas se utilizaron: Android Studio 1.5, OpenJDK 8, Android SDK y como lenguaje de programación Java 8. El producto fue valorado por especialistas informáticos y docentes y por los estudiantes como usuarios. Resultados: la confección de la aplicación se llevó a cabo en tres etapas: búsqueda de precedentes, selección de la herramienta para su confección y diseño del producto que incluyó el guion didáctico y la selección del prototipo y su corrección. Fue valorado utilizando el método Delfi, y resultó Muy adecuado en todas las variables solicitadas. Conclusiones: la aplicación informática resultó útil como método alternativo eficaz para la búsqueda de los percentiles pediátricos. Constituye una herramienta de trabajo y de apoyo para la docencia en la especialidad.

ABSTRACT Background: the use of information and communication technologies as tools to design learning resources guarantees a quality teaching process in the university context. Objective: to design an effective application in the search for pediatric percentiles, for mobile devices with Android operating system and computers. Methods: a technological innovation and development research was carried out during the 2015-2016 academic year at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of Manzanillo. Theoretical methods were used: historical-logical, analysis-synthesis and systemic-structural; and empirical ones: the survey in the form of an interview. For the design of the application, the Ubuntu 14.04 operating system was used, as tools were used: Android Studio 1.5, OpenJDK 8, Android SDK and Java 8 as programming language. The product was assessed by computing specialists and teachers and by students as users. Results: the preparation of the application was carried out in three stages: search for precedents, selection of the tool for its preparation and design of the product that included the didactic script and the selection of the prototype and its correction. It was assessed using the Delphi method, and it was very adequate in all the variables requested. Conclusions: the computing application was useful as an effective alternative method for finding pediatric percentiles. It constitutes a work and support tool for the specialty teaching.

Real-time, interactive website for US-county-level COVID-19 event risk assessment.

Large events and gatherings, particularly those taking place indoors, have been linked to multitransmission events that have accelerated the pandemic spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To provide real-time, geolocalized risk information, we developed an interactive online dashboard that estimates the risk that at least one individual with SARS-CoV-2 is present in gatherings of different sizes in the United States. The website combines documented case reports at the county level with ascertainment bias information obtained via population-wide serological surveys to estimate real-time circulating, per-capita infection rates. These rates are updated daily as a means to visualize the risk associated with gatherings, including county maps and state-level plots. The website provides data-driven information to help individuals and policy makers make prudent decisions (for example, increasing mask-wearing compliance and avoiding larger gatherings) that could help control the spread of SARS-CoV-2, particularly in hard-hit regions.

Intention to adopt Electronic Animal Movement Permit (e-GTA) systems in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil / Intenção de adoção de Guia de Trânsito Animal Eletrônica (e-GTA) no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Control of livestock and their movement has long been recognized as a crucial for the prevention and control of diseases. In Brazil, the control of livestock movement established in 1934. Since 1995 is regulated based on the Animal Movement Permit (GTA). Since then, the process has been improved and updated on its legal framework and strategies, including the use of emerging technological alternatives, which made possible the launching of the electronic Animal Movement Permit (e-GTA) in 2011. From a broader perspective, the e-GTA is inserted in a global context of the development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) which since the early 1980s enabled governments worldwide to drive policies for the development of electronic government systems (e-government). After that, at a global level, there was an expansion and improvement of e-government services; however, discrepancies among countries persisted. Nonetheless, the levels of adoption of e-government by citizens have been lower than those expected by government authorities, which has attracted the attention of researchers in the area. In this context, studies of this nature that used theoretical antecedents related to the adoption of ICT have exposed peculiarities of the process of adoption of e-government, demanding research efforts directed to the structuring of specific models for this area. In Brazil, studies of this nature are still at an early stage, although government actions aimed at e-government date back to the 1990s. The objective of this article was to investigate, in an exploratory way, influence factors on the adoption intention of e-government related to animal health, having the e-GTA as the object of research. The conceptual framework was defined based upon the e-Government Adoption Model (GAM) For this objective, an online questionnaire oriented to intention to adopt e-GTA was applied to equine owners of Rio Grande do Sul not users of this system. Results indicated that respondents positively evaluated the quality of their computers and cellphones, as well as their efficacy to operate them, while quality of the internet connection was considered regular. In this context, the availability of computer and cellphone resources and computer self-efficacy did not influence the intention to adopt e-GTA. Moreover, aspects related to compatibility of e-GTA with users lifestyle have a positive association with the intention to adopt e-GTA. Also the study indicated that public information campaigns could contribute to the improvement of adoption of the e-GTA. Additionally, the authors suggested that further investigations considering other livestock sectors and variables, as well as the continuity of use after the adoption, could contribute to the expansion of the knowledge on this field.(AU)

O controle dos estoques e de movimentações de animais pecuários há muito tempo é reconhecido como um fator crucial para a prevenção e resposta para a introdução e disseminação de doenças animais ou zoonóticas. No Brasil, o controle de movimentação animal foi inicialmente estabelecido em 1934 e, desde 1995, é regulamentado com base na Guia de Trânsito Animal (GTA). Desde então, o processo foi aprimorado e atualizado em seu arcabouço legal e estratégias, inclusive no uso de alternativas tecnológicas emergentes, que possibilitaram o lançamento em 2011 da Guia de Trânsito Animal Eletrônica (e-GTA). Considerado desde uma perspectiva mais abrangente, o e-GTA está inserido em um contexto global de desenvolvimento da Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação (TIC), que desde o início dos anos 80 permite que governos em todo o mundo conduzam políticas para o desenvolvimento de sistemas de governo eletrônico (governo eletrônico). Posteriormente, a disponibilidade do governo eletrônico tem estado em expansão de qualidade e de amplitude dos serviços oferecidos, embora este processo seja permeado por desigualdades entre os países. No entanto, os níveis de adoção do governo eletrônico pelos cidadãos têm sido inferiores aos esperados pelas autoridades governamentais, o que tem atraído a atenção dos pesquisadores da área. Nesse contexto, estudos dessa natureza, que utilizaram antecedentes teóricos relacionados à adoção das TIC expuseram idiossincrasias do processo de adoção do governo eletrônico, exigindo que esforços de pesquisa sejam direcionados à estruturação de modelos específicos para essa área. No Brasil, estudos dessa natureza ainda estão em estágio inicial, embora as ações governamentais direcionadas ao governo eletrônico datem dos anos 90. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste artigo foi investigar, de forma exploratória, fatores de influência na intenção de adoção do governo eletrônico relacionado à saúde animal, tendo o e-GTA como objeto de pesquisa. A estrutura conceitual foi definida com base no Modelo de Adoção de Governo Eletrônico (GAM). Para esse objetivo, um questionário online dirigido à intenção de adoção do e-GTA foi aplicado a proprietários de equinos do Rio Grande do Sul que não eram usuários deste sistema. Os resultados indicaram que os entrevistados avaliaram positivamente a qualidade de seus computadores e telefones celulares, bem como sua eficácia em operá-los, enquanto a qualidade da conexão de internet foi considerada regular. Nesse contexto, a disponibilidade de recursos informáticos e de celulares, bem como a capacidade de operação dos mesmos não influenciaram a intenção de adoção do e-GTA. Além disso, aspectos relacionados à compatibilidade do e-GTA com o estilo de vida do usuário têm uma associação positiva com a intenção de adoção do e-GTA. Além disso, o estudo indicou que as campanhas de informação pública poderiam contribuir para o incremento na adoção efetiva do e-GTA. Finalmente, o estudo identificou oportunidades para o desenvolvimento de investigações adicionais, considerando distintas variáveis, setores produtivos e sistemas de governo eletrônico dirigidos à saúde animal, o que poderia contribuir para a expansão do conhecimento nesta área.(AU)

Impacto de las aplicaciones y servicios informáticos desarrollados por la Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas para el sector de la salud / Impact of Applications and Computer Services Developed by the University of Informatics Sciences for the Health Sector

La implementación de aplicaciones y servicios informáticos en el sector de la salud es uno de los desafíos de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones. La informática médica como disciplina integradora recibe un importante impacto del enfoque de la ciencia, la tecnología y la sociedad que domina el campo biomédico, las ciencias biotecnológicas y farmacéuticas. La Universidad de Ciencias Informáticas (UCI) desde su fundación ha participado en el desarrollo de aplicaciones y servicios informáticos para el sector sanitario cubano. Esta universidad ha desarrollado e implementado la Plataforma de imágenes médicas, el Sistema de Información Hospitalaria y el Sistema de manejo de datos de Ensayos Clínicos. Estas aplicaciones introducen en la sociedad cubana un valor constituido en beneficios sociales, económicos y culturales-organizacionales. Además, contribuyen a la gestión de las instituciones de salud y la eficiencia económica. Este artículo describe el impacto social, económico y ambiental de las aplicaciones y servicios informáticos desarrollados por la Universidad(AU)

Applications and computer services implementation in the health sector is one of the information and communications technologies challenges. Medical informatics as an integrating discipline receives an important impact from the science, technology and society approach that dominates the biomedical field, biotechnological and pharmaceutical sciences. The Informatics Sciences University (UCI) since the beginnings has participated in the development of applications and computer services for the Cuban health sector. UCI has developed and implemented the Medical Imaging Platform, the Hospital Information System, and the Clinical Trials Data Management System. These applications introduced in the Cuban society a valuable social, economic and cultural-organizational benefit. Additionally those applications contributed to the health institutions management and the economic efficiency. This paper describes the social, economic and environmental impact of the applications and computer services developed by the university(AU)

Estrategia de entrenamiento y acompañamiento a usuarios para el Sistema de Información Hospitalaria XAVIA HIS / Strategy for developing non-functional requirements in health applications

Una de las etapas de un proceso de despliegue de un sistema informático, es la capacitación de los usuarios finales. En algunas ocasiones se subestima la profundidad del impacto de los cambios técnicos en la organización y en los empleados al implantar un sistema informático y no se contrata el servicio de entrenamiento. El presente artículo describe una estrategia de entrenamiento y acompañamiento a usuarios en el proceso de implantación del Sistema de Información Hospitalaria XAVIA HIS. Los principales resultados se relacionan con la definición de acciones, métodos y técnicas que permiten planificar y ejecutar los servicios de entrenamiento y acompañamiento con una mayor eficiencia de las actividades ejecutadas, así como los programas bases de entrenamiento para especialistas informáticos, así como técnicos y profesionales de la salud(AU)

End user training is one of the computer system deployment process stages. The technical changes depth impact on the organization and on employees when implementing a computer system sometimes is underestimated and the training service is not hired. This article describes a training and accompaniment strategy for users in the Hospital Information System XAVIA HIS implementation process. Main results are related to the actions, methods and techniques definition that allow planning and executing the training and accompaniment services with greater efficiency of the activities carried out. Also, the paper present the basic training programs for computer specialists, health technicians and professionals(AU)

Digital health and the COVID-19 epidemic: an assessment framework for apps from an epidemiological and legal perspective.

As COVID-19 spreads across the globe, crowdsourced digital technology harbours the potential to improve surveillance and epidemic control, primarily through increased information coverage, higher information speed, fast case tracking and improved proximity tracing. Targeting those aims, COVID-19-related smartphone and web-based health applications are continuously emerging, leading to a multitude of options, raising ethical and legal challenges and potentially overwhelming end users. Building on an existing trustworthiness checklist for digital health applications, we searched the literature and developed a framework to guide the assessment of smartphone and web-based applications that aim to contribute to controlling the current epidemic or mitigating its effects. It further integrates epidemiological subject knowledge and a legal analysis, outlining the mechanisms through which new applications can support the fight against COVID-19. The resulting framework includes 40 questions across 8 domains on “purpose”, “usability”, “information accuracy”, “organisational attributes / reputation”, “transparency”, “privacy” and “user control / self-determination”. All questions should be primarily answerable from publicly available data, as provided by application manufacturers. The framework aims to guide end users in choosing a transparent, safe and valuable application and suggests a set of information items that developers ideally make available to allow a balanced judgement and facilitate the trustworthiness of their products.

Desarrollo local: la informática al servicio de la gestión en salud: entrega de turnos del Servicio de la Mujer y Recién Nacido HCSBA / Local developoment: informatics at the service of health management: delivery of shifts of the HCSBA woman and newborn service

INTRODUCCIÓN: La entrega de turnos de los diferentes equipos clínicos de atención al paciente es un acto de suma importancia en el día a día, apunta al óptimo y continuo cuidado del paciente. En el continuo de atención por diferentes Unidades Clínicas, se debe cumplir un protocolo definido por las Unidades de Calidad de Establecimientos y Servicios Clínicos como parte del Sistema de Acreditación en Salud, apuntando a mejorar la seguridad de atención al paciente. Se planteó reemplazar antiguos informes en papel por bases de datos digitales acumulativas, de fácil llenado, con alternativa de pre-informes y análisis rápido de series, permitiendo tomar decisiones mejor fundamentadas en el futuro. Esta herramienta como se describe al inicio considera el continuo desde el ingreso de la paciente a la Unidad de Urgencia de nuestra maternidad hasta la resolución de esta madre en nuestro Servicio o el traslado de ella o su recién nacido dentro de la Red Pública como primera instancia o privada acorde a protocolos establecidos. MATERALES Y MÉTODOS: Desarrollo de aplicación a través de programas Microsoft Acces y MySQL. Parametrización de variables según Guia perinatal MINSAL y recomendaciones de expertos empleados en Unidad Ginecoobstétrica del establecimiento. RESULTADOS: Creación de aplicación propia ¨Sistema de entrega de turno¨ (SET). Implementación mediante marcha blanca a partir de Agosto de 2019. Adecuada acogida por personal de Servicio de la Mujer y Recién Nacido HCSBA. CONCLUSIÓN: La informática médica permite avanzar y agilizar procesos de gestión clinica. Es posible implementar sistemas de creación propios en la atención de salud pública chilena. La herramienta SET permitirá obtener resultados precisos y rápido análisis de series obtenidas.

INTRODUCTION: The delivery of shifts of the different clinical teams of patient care is an act of utmost importance in the day to day, it points to the optimal and continuous care of the patient. In the continuum of care by different Clinical Units, a protocol defined by the Quality Units of Establishments and Clinical Services as part of the Health Accreditation System must be complied with, aiming at improving the safety of patient care. It was proposed to replace old paper reports with cumulative digital databases, easy to fill, with alternative pre-reports and quick series analysis, allowing better informed decisions in the future. This tool as described at the beginning considers the continuum from the patient's admission to the Emergency Unit of our motherhood until the resolution of this mother in our Service or the transfer of this or her newborn within the Public Network as the first instance or private according to established protocols. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Application development through Microsoft access and MySQL programs. Parameterization of variables according to the MINSAL perinatal guide and recommendations of experts employed in the Obstetric Gynecology Unit of the establishment. RESULTS: Creation of own application "Shift Delivery System" (SET). Implementation through white march as of August 2019. Adequate reception by women service personnel and newborn HCSBA. CONCLUSION: Medical informatics allows progress and speed up clinical management processes. It is possible to implement own creation systems in Chilean public health care. The SET tool will allow obtaining accurate results and rapid analysis of series obtained.