Promotive, Mixed, and Risk Effects of Individual Items Comprising the SAPROF Assessment Tool With Justice-Involved Youth.

The Structured Assessment of PROtective Factors for violence risk (SAPROF) is a widely used structured professional judgment (SPJ) tool. Its indices have predictive validity regarding desistance from future violence in adult correctional/forensic psychiatric populations. Although not intended for applied use with youth, SAPROF items lend themselves to an investigation of whether their operationalizations capture only strengths or also risks. With 229 justice-involved male adolescents followed for a fixed 3-year period, promotive, risk, and mixed effects were found. Most SAPROF items exerted a mixed effect, being associated with higher and lower likelihoods of violent and any reoffending at opposite ends of their trichotomous ratings. Summing items weighted using their promotive and risk odds ratios produced statistically significant improvements in predictive accuracy, improvements found also with a cross-validation sample of 171 justice-involved youth. The nature of strengths and implications for the development of SPJ tools and training in their use were discussed.

Inequities in Mental Health Services: A 16-Year Longitudinal Study of Youth in the Justice System.

OBJECTIVE: To examine: (1) if youth who have mental health disorders receive needed services after they leave detention-and as they age; and (2) inequities in service use, focusing on demographic characteristics and type of disorder. METHOD: We used data from the Northwestern Juvenile Project, a longitudinal study of 1,829 youth randomly sampled from detention in Chicago, Illinois in 1995. Participants were re-interviewed up to 13 times through 2015. Interviewers assessed disorders using structured diagnostic interviews and assessed service use using the Child and Adolescent Service Assessment and the Services Assessment for Children and Adolescents. RESULTS: Less than 20% of youth who needed services received them, up to median age 32 years. Female participants with any disorder had nearly twice the odds of receiving services compared with male participants (OR: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.41, 2.35). Compared with Black participants with any disorder, non-Hispanic White and Hispanic participants had 2.14 (95% CI: 1.57, 2.90) and 1.50 (95% CI: 1.04, 2.15) times the odds of receiving services. People with a disorder were more likely to receive services during childhood (< age 18) than during adulthood (OR: 2.29; 95% CI: 1.32, 3.95). Disorder mattered: participants with an internalizing disorder had 2.26 times and 2.43 times the odds of receiving services compared with those with a substance use disorder (respectively, 95% CI: 1.26, 4.04; 95% CI: 1.49, 3.97). CONCLUSION: Few youth who need services receive them as they age; inequities persist over time. We must implement evidence-based strategies to reduce barriers to services.

From Social Rejection to Welfare Oblivion: Health and Mental Health in Juvenile Justice in Brazil, Colombia and Spain.

(1) Background: This study aims to examine and describe the policies of three Latin American countries: Colombia, Brazil, and Spain, and identify how they implement their support systems for health, mental health, mental health for children and adolescents, and juvenile justice systems that support judicial measures with treatment and/or therapeutic approaches specialized in mental health. (2) Methods: Google Scholar, Medline, and Scopus databases were searched to identify and synthesize of the literature. (3) Results: Three shared categories were extracted to construct the defining features of public policies on mental health care in juvenile justice: (i.) models of health and mental health care, (ii.) community-based child and adolescent mental health care, and (iii.) mental health care and treatment in juvenile justice. (4) Conclusions: Juvenile justice in these three countries lacks a specialized system to deal with this problem, nor have procedures been designed to specifically address these situations within the framework of children's rights.

Trauma Exposure and Mental Health Needs Among Adolescents Involved With the Juvenile Justice System.

Justice-involved adolescents typically report high levels of lifetime trauma exposure, although research on juvenile justice system-wide screenings is limited. Further, there is little evidence from research on the psychological and substance abuse treatment related needs of youth relative to the trauma levels or types of trauma experienced by justice-involved adolescents. We documented lifetime exposure to traumatic events and its relation to psychological and substance use concerns in a sample of adolescents admitted to custody in the New Jersey Juvenile Justice Commission. This study examined lifetime exposure to traumatic events experienced by justice-involved adolescents (N = 627) using negative binomial regression modeling and zero-inflated negative binomial regression modeling to identify which adolescents have the greatest trauma exposure, and determine how cumulative types of trauma relate to youths' mental health and substance use needs. Adolescents reported experiencing an average of 4 of 17 traumatic exposures on the Life Events Checklist. The most common traumas experienced directly and indirectly were physical assault and assault with a weapon. Considering particular traumas, there were differences in exposures based on race and ethnicity, sex, child welfare involvement, and gang affiliation. Higher levels of some types of traumatic exposure were consistently related to higher levels of mental health needs. Results indicate that adolescents enter the juvenile justice system with high levels of polytraumatization. These adverse events are associated with elevated mental health and substance use needs that should be considered in case planning.

Padrões de uso de drogas e problemas associados em adolescentes judicializados / Drug use patterns and associated problems amongaAdolescent offenders / Patrones de consumo de drogas y problemas asociados en adolescentes infractores

Objetivou-se caracterizar uma amostra de adolescentes em conflito com a lei em relação ao consumo de substâncias e possíveis problemas associados. Participaram 120 adolescentes do sexo masculino, entre 13 e 18 anos, custodiados na Unidade de Atendimento Inicial da Fundação CASA, que responderam ao Drug Use Screening Inventory - Revised (DUSI-R). Análises descritivas indicaram que a maioria dos adolescentes teria feito uso de maconha (84%) e álcool (54%). Em relação ao padrão de consumo, 52% foram categorizados em uso abusivo ou de provável dependência. Quanto aos problemas associados ao consumo, os participantes possuem densidade média superior aos da população normativa nos dez domínios investigados pelo DUSI-R, com destaque aos Transtornos (M = 42), Escola (M = 50) e Pares (M = 55). Vale observar que 37% da amostra se declararam abstêmios, e que os desvios das densidades de problemas sugerem alta heterogeneidade nos níveis de necessidades/dificuldades, o que implica ultrapassar discursos que propalam a uniformidade dessa população. (AU)

This study aimed to characterize a sample of adolescents in conflict with the law regarding substance use and potential associated problems. The sample consisted of 120 male adolescents aged 13 to 18 in custody at the Initial Care Unit from Fundação CASA (Center for Adolescent Socio-Educational Care) in the state of São Paulo, who responded to the Drug Use Screening Inventory - Revised (DUSI-R). Descriptive analyses indicated that most adolescents were reported to have used marijuana (84%) and alcohol (54%). Regarding the pattern of consumption, 52% were categorized as abusive use or probable dependence. Regarding the problems associated with consumption, participants showed a higher mean density than the normative population in the ten domains investigated by the DUSI-R, with emphasis on Disorders (M = 42), School (M = 50), and Peers (M = 55). It is worth noting that 37% of the sample declared themselves abstainers and that the deviations of the problem densities suggest high heterogeneity in the levels of needs/difficulties, which implies overcoming discourses that promote the uniformity of this population. (AU)

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar una muestra de adolescentes en conflicto con la ley por el consumo de sustancias y posibles problemas asociados. Participaron de la muestra 120 adolescentes varones de 13 a 18 años en custodia de la Unidad de Atención Inicial de la Fundación CASA, quienes respondieron al Drug Use Screening Inventory - Revised (DUSI-R). Los análisis descriptivos indicaron que la mayoría de los adolescentes habrían consumido marihuana (84%) y alcohol (54%). Respecto al patrón de consumo, el 52% fue categorizado como uso abusivo o probable dependencia. En cuanto a los problemas asociados con el consumo, los participantes tuvieron una densidad media/superior a la población normativa en los diez dominios investigados por DUSI-R, con énfasis en los Trastornos (M=42), la Escuela (M=50) y Parejas (M=55). Cabe destacar que el 37% de la muestra se declaró abstencionista y que las desviaciones de las densidades del problema sugieren una alta heterogeneidad en los niveles de necesidades/dificultades, lo que implica la superación de discursos que promueven la uniformidad de esta población. (AU)

The Validity of the Personality Assessment Inventory-Adolescent in Assessing Callous-Unemotional Traits in At-Risk Adolescents.

This study examines the validity of the Personality Assessment Inventory-Adolescent (PAI-A; Morey) in assessing callous-unemotional (CU) traits within two independent samples of at-risk adolescents from a residential intervention program. The study tests the extent to which CU traits are represented within PAI-A scales with respect to empirically- or theoretically-related indicators, such as antisociality, aggression, low warmth, low social connectedness, and subdued internalizing psychopathology. The PAI-A substantive scales statistically accounted for an average of 55.0% of the variance in total scores on the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU; Frick) across samples. Broadly, PAI-A substantive scales evinced theoretically-consistent relations with CU traits. Consistent with expectations, CU traits were broadly related to PAI-A-assessed constructs of antisocial features, aggression, low warmth and social disconnection, but not to subdued internalizing symptoms. Moreover, some of the PAI-A clinical, treatment consideration, and interpersonal scales or subscales demonstrated differential relations across the traits. Implications for assessment of CU traits using the PAI framework are discussed. Overall, this research adds to the literature on CU traits in broadband personality assessment and provides a foundation for future research on CU traits using the PAI-A.

Validity of Risk Assessment Instruments Among Juveniles Who Sexually Offended: Victim Age Matters.

Research has identified meaningful subtypes among the heterogeneous population of juveniles who sexually offended (JSO). However, studies that test the validity of risk assessment tools with JSO subtypes are limited. This study compared JSO who offended against a child victim (JSO-C) and JSO who offended against an adolescent/adult victim (JSO-A) with regard to rates of recidivism and the predictive validity of two risk assessment tools (Estimate of Risk of Adolescent Sexual Offense Recidivism [ERASOR] and Juvenile Sexual Offender Assessment Protocol-II [J-SOAP-II]). Data were analyzed from case files of 185 JSO-C and 297 JSO-A aged 12 to 18 years (M = 14.11, SD = 1.44) from a consecutive sample of JSO with contact sexual offenses. A total of 34 (7.1%) juveniles reoffended sexually, with no significant difference between the subtypes. The present results suggest that the ERASOR, particularly the structured professional judgment, and to a lesser degree the J-SOAP-II are better suited to predicting sexual recidivism in JSO-A than in JSO-C.

Psychosocial risk factors in young offenders.

INTRODUCTION: Juvenile delinquency is a multi-causal social phenomenon, in which socio-cultural and economic, family and individual factors are interrelated. In young people with a greater number of associated risk factors, the measures seem to be insufficient, both in open and closed environments, since the rate of recidivism is higher. OBJECTIVE: Identify the psychosocial risk factors that exist at intra and interpersonal level in juvenile offenders, as well as determine if these factors are interrelated. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A literature review of articles found in different databases was carried out. The articles containing the key words selected at the beginning of the study were reviewed, and of all of them, those that met the established inclusion requirements, which are date of publication and language, were included. RESULTS: The results of all the studies analyzed confirm the idea that a greater number of psychosocial risk factors occur in young offenders than in normalized young people. There are factors related to a family that has inadequate socialization styles, even negligent ones, accentuated by very substandard economic situations that are usually present. Along with this, the consumption of substances is a variable that is repeated continuously in these young people; united to a group of deviant pairs, that favor the appearance of criminal behaviours. CONCLUSION: It is possible to identify the main psychosocial risk factors that occur in young offenders, and define an interrelation between these factors, but it is not linear nor can it be homogenized. More resources and prevention programs, as well as intervention, are needed at the individual, family and community levels.

Factor structure of the critical consciousness scale in juvenile legal system-involved boys and girls.

The Critical Consciousness Scale (CCS) is a recently developed and validated measure for use with low-income, diverse adolescents. However, research on the psychometric properties of this scale with juvenile legal system-involved youth is lacking. This study examines the psychometric properties of the critical reflection subscales of the CCS in a cross-sectional sample of 206 youth (48% girls) involved in the juvenile legal system to investigate (a) the factor structure of the critical reflection subscales of the CCS compared to existing adolescent samples, and (b) the extent to which critical reflection demonstrates measurement equivalence between boys and girls. Findings indicate (a) congruence with the previous literature on critical reflection but for system-involved girls, and (b) a difference in the structural relationships between perceived inequality and egalitarianism by gender. This study contributes to the nascent, psychometric literature on measures of critical consciousness in an underrepresented and unique adolescent population.

Historical Trauma and American Indian/Alaska Native Youth Mental Health Development and Delinquency.

Health disparities in American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) youth are well documented in the literature, as AI/AN youth appear to be more likely to experience trauma and engage in high-risk behavior, such as substance misuse and risky sexual behavior. These youth also appear disproportionally affected by the criminal justice system. Scholars contend that much of these disparities can be traced back to the history of colonization of Indigenous peoples and the transgenerational effects of forced suppression of cultural ideology. This paper reviews the relevant literature on AI/AN youth mental and behavioral health, and this author highlights studies which examine the plausible relation between historical trauma and contemporary AI/AN youth mental health and delinquency. This author proposes that future research should target the high number of AI/AN youths in juvenile justice settings given that these youths appear neglected in current research.

Adolescência e lampejos: a construção de políticas de "sobrevivência" / Adolescencia y destellos: la construcción de políticas de "supervivencia" / Adolescence and flashes: the construction of "survival" policies

Este artigo parte da análise de algumas falas de adolescentes em situação de privação de liberdade, bem como de enunciados que recolhemos da cultura; na sequência, refletimos sobre a violência juvenil como uma maneira de recusar reduzir suas manifestações às lógicas criminalizantes, individualizantes e patologizantes. Compartilhamos também algumas problematizações que foram surgindo frente aos desafios e impasses que vivenciamos enquanto pesquisadores em psicanálise no campo socioeducativo: de que modo não sucumbir aos discursos que buscam fixar os jovens da socioeducação unicamente na posição de menores infratores? Como sustentar uma escuta baseada em uma política subversiva quando nos deparamos com uma sociedade fortemente atravessada por lógicas normatizantes? Essas e outras questões foram trabalhadas a partir do enlace entre a dimensão ético-política da psicanálise, a política das sobrevivências proposta por Didi-Huberman e o conceito de ralé proposto por Hannah Arendt.

Este artículo parte del análisis de algunas declaraciones hechas por adolescentes en una situación de privación de libertad, así como declaraciones que recogemos de la cultura; A continuación, reflexionamos sobre la violencia juvenil como una forma de negarse a reducir sus manifestaciones a lógicas de criminalización, individualización y patología. También compartimos algunas discusiones que han surgido frente a los desafíos e impases que experimentamos como investigadores en psicoanálisis en el campo socioeducativo: ¿Cómo no podemos sucumbir a los discursos que buscan fijar a los jóvenes en la educación social únicamente en la posición de los delincuentes menores? ¿Cómo mantener una escucha basada en una política subversiva cuando nos enfrentamos a una sociedad fuertemente atravesada por lógicas normativas? Estas y otras preguntas se trabajaron desde el vínculo entre la dimensión ético-política del psicoanálisis, la política de supervivencia propuesta por Didi- Huberman y el concepto de chusma propuesto por Hannah Arendt.

This article starts from the analysis of some statements made by adolescents in a situation of deprivation of liberty, as well as statements that we collect from culture; next, we reflected on youth violence as a way of refusing to reduce its manifestations to criminalizing, individualizing and pathologizing logics. We also share some discussions that have emerged in the face of the challenges and impasses that we experience as researchers in psychoanalysis in the socio-educational field: how can we not succumb to the discourses that seek to fix youth in socio-education solely in the position of minor offenders? How to sustain a listening based on a subversive policy when we are faced with a society strongly crossed by normative logics? These and other questions were worked from the link between the ethical-political dimension of psychoanalysis, the policy of survival proposed by Didi-Huberman and the concept of rabble proposed by Hannah Arendt.

Predictive validity of the Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth (SAVRY) with Indigenous and Caucasian female and male adolescents on probation.

Indigenous people and the courts have emphasized that it is important to examine whether scores from violence risk assessment tools are valid and appropriate for Indigenous youth. However, studies are scarce. Therefore, we examined the predictive validity of youth probation officers' Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth (SAVRY) ratings for 744 Canadian youth, including 299 Indigenous youth (219 male, 80 female), and 445 Caucasian youth (357 male, 88 female) in a prospective field study. The SAVRY summary risk ratings and risk total scores significantly predicted violent and any reoffending for Indigenous female and male youth with medium effect sizes. Relatively few significant differences in the predictive validity emerged for Indigenous and Caucasian youth. However, Historical, Protective, and Risk Total scores predicted any recidivism better for Caucasian males than Indigenous males. Also, Indigenous youth scored significantly higher on all risk domains than Caucasian youth. Opposite to predictions, the rates of false positives were higher for Caucasian youth than for Indigenous youth. Based on the results, the SAVRY appears to be a reasonable tool to use for assessing risk in Indigenous youth. However, assessors should take steps to ensure that they use the SAVRY in a culturally appropriate manner, such as considering cultural factors in case formulations and treatment planning as the SAVRY does not ground assessments in an understanding of factors such as colonialism. In addition, future research should examine culturally salient risk factors (e.g., discrimination) and examine potential causes of higher risk scores in Indigenous youth, particularly the role of both past and present-day colonialism. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

From Child Welfare to Jail: Mediating Effects of Juvenile Justice Placement and Other System Involvement.

This study examines the effects of child welfare, mental health, and drug/alcohol system experiences on jail involvement, as mediated by juvenile justice placement, for Black and White youth/young adults. The sample was comprised of individuals born between 1985 and 1994 with child welfare involvement in an urban Pennsylvania county (N = 37,079) and an out-of-home placement (OOHP) subsample (n = 8,317). Four path models were estimated (two full samples, two subsamples; separate models for Black and White youth). For all models, juvenile justice placement was positively related to jail involvement. For the full samples, out-of-home child welfare placement was associated with an increase in juvenile justice placement. Within the Black placement sample, child welfare placement experiences had complex relationships with juvenile justice placement. Providing drug/alcohol services may be a protective factor for Black youth prior to juvenile justice contact. Articulating these relationships helps identify youth most at risk of justice system involvement and better targets services, especially mental health and drug/alcohol services.

[Assessment of the maturity of juvenile and young adult offenders according to §105 of German juvenile law: a developmental psychology perspective]. / Die Reifebeurteilung Heranwachsender nach § 105 JGG und der Umgang mit jungen erwachsenen Straftäterinnen und Straftätern aus entwicklungspsychologischer Sicht.

Assessment of the maturity of juvenile and young adult offenders according to §105 of German juvenile law: a developmental psychology perspective Abstract. Since 1953, according to § 105 of the German JGG (Jugendgerichtsgesetz/Juvenile Court Act), it has been possible to convict offenders aged 18.0 y-20y 11 mo either as juveniles or as adults, depending on their developmental status. Yet unambiguous criteria defining the individual stages of development are available neither to judges nor to experts. Thus, for this age group this may lead judges to make arbitrary decisions impairing the right of equal treatment before the law in Germany. In the absence of clear criteria for assessing maturity, experts nearly always recommend judging such offenders as juveniles. Recent findings from the neurosciences and developmental psychology show that not only juveniles but adolescents and young adults up to the age of 25y usually have significant potential for development. After an overview of the legal practices pertaining to juveniles in Germany and throughout Europe, we propose alternatives for the individual assessment of maturity.

An examination of the influence of procedurally just strategies on legal cynicism among urban youth experiencing police contact.

Adolescents experience more police-initiated contacts resulting from relatively minor infractions than any other group, and often these interactions do not result in notable legal consequences. However, such interactions may have long-term consequences for adolescent perceptions of the justice system. Using data from the age 15 wave of the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, our study examines associations between situational and process features of police contact and legal cynicism in adolescence, accounting for demographic characteristics, self-reported delinquency, neighborhood context, and stop outcome. Relative to youth who experienced only vicarious police contact, youth who had direct or both direct and vicarious police contact reported higher levels of legal cynicism. Youth perceptions of procedural justice were associated with lower legal cynicism. Situational features of police contact such as harsh language and frisking were related to higher legal cynicism. Directions for future research, including the need for longitudinal research on this topic, are discussed.

Long-Term Predictive Validity of the Juvenile Sex Offender Assessment Protocol-II: Research and Practice Implications.

The current study evaluated the predictive validity of the Juvenile Sex Offender Assessment Protocol-II (J-SOAP-II) scores in a sample of juveniles who recidivated sexually or nonsexually as adults. Participants included 166 juveniles who had previously sexually offended and were followed into adulthood for an average of 10.75 years. Results of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) analyses supported the predictive validity of the J-SOAP-II Total Score, Scale 1, and Static Score in regard to adult sexual recidivism, and predictive validity was found for all J-SOAP-II scores (except Scale 1) in regard to adult nonsexual recidivism. Implications for future research on the assessment of risk factors and treatment needs for adolescents who commit sexual offenses are discussed.

Are Juveniles Who Have Committed Sexual Offenses the Same Everywhere? Psychometric Properties of the Juvenile Sex Offender Assessment Protocol-II in a Portuguese Youth Sample.

Over the last decade, we have witnessed consistent advances in risk assessment procedures, namely the validation of those used with juveniles who have committed sexual offenses. The adaptation of these instruments into other languages requires research examining the conceptual and metric equivalence of the instruments, not just translation equivalence. Informed by data from 141 boys, aged 13 to 18, the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Juvenile Sex Offender Assessment Protocol-II (J-SOAP-II), regarding reliability and construct validation, are presented and discussed. Factor structure, internal consistency, and interrater reliability were examined, and a reliable factorial structure that was consistent with the original validation of the J-SOAP was found. Scales 2 and 3 had good internal consistency, and Scale 1 had acceptable internal consistency. Results regarding concurrent validity revealed mostly statistically significant correlations. The implications of this research for juvenile sex offender risk assessments are discussed.

The Brief Situational Confidence Questionnaire for alcohol: A psychometric assessment with incarcerated youth.

The factor structure, measurement invariance, validity, reliability, and stability of scores on the Brief Situational Confidence Questionnaire (BSCQ) were evaluated for use with incarcerated youth. The BSCQ is an 8-item measure that assesses self-efficacy to resist alcohol use in tempting situations. The brevity of the measure may make it a useful tool for clinicians and researchers in a forensic setting. Analyses were conducted with 2 separate samples (N = 205 and N = 189) of incarcerated youth (M age = 16.90 and 17.12 years, respectively; 88% and 86% male). Based on prior theory and confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs), results indicated that a correlated 2-factor model best fit the data. Multisample CFAs suggested that BSCQ scores demonstrated configural and metric invariance across our 2 samples. Further, the BSCQ scores demonstrated sufficient test-retest stability in Samples 1 and 2 (Pearson's r = .66, .55) and internal consistency (Cronbach's α = .84 and .86, respectively). Negative binomial regressions showed that the overall BSCQ scores were significantly associated with concurrent alcohol use (number of drinking days, number of heavy drinking days, average drinks per week) and significantly predicted future alcohol use. Scores on the BSCQ demonstrated sufficient stability, internal consistency, and validity, and the 2-factor structure was largely invariant across 2 separate samples of incarcerated youth. Given its brevity, the BSCQ may provide valid and reliable scores to use with this population when time and resources are scarce. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

Discourses about mental health demands of young offenders serving detention measure in juvenile correctional centers in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. / Discursos sobre as demandas de saúde mental de jovens cumprindo medida de internação no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.

This paper aims to analyze the discursive conceptions of what is considered mental health demand of young offenders serving detention measure in juvenile correctional centers in Rio de Janeiro. Nine interviews were conducted with the mental health professionals of these centers, and the results were discussed with the support of Fairclough's critical discourse analysis. Four discursive groups were identified: the first shows intertextuality with the psychiatric discourse; the second, with the Psychiatric Reform; the third, with the discourse of social determinants; and the fourth, with institutional discourses about adolescents' misbehavior. It is concluded that the conceptions are different among the professionals, but there is no single predominant discourse. The statements are related and especially linked through the discussion of social determinants. Health professionals and social workers as demand vocalizers are overvalued. Adolescents are barely given the opportunity of directly exposing their needs, and demands are mediated by technicians. We identified conflicts between staff members working in the care flow concerning the misbehavior-associated demands because some referrals are unrelated to mental health issues.

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as concepções discursivas do que é considerado demanda de saúde mental dos adolescentes cumprindo medida de internação nas unidades socioeducativas do Rio de Janeiro. Realizaram-se nove entrevistas com os profissionais de saúde mental do sistema socioeducativo e os resultados foram discutidos com o apoio da análise de discurso crítica de Fairclough. Foram identificados quatro grupos discursivos: o primeiro apresenta intertextualidade com o discurso psiquiátrico, o segundo com a reforma psiquiátrica, o terceiro com o discurso de determinantes sociais e o quarto com discursos institucionais de "mau" comportamento dos jovens. Conclui-se que as concepções são distintas entre os profissionais, mas não há hegemonia de um discurso. Os discursos se atravessam e se conectam especialmente na problematização dos determinantes sociais. Há sobrevalorização dos profissionais de saúde e de assistência enquanto vocalizadores das demandas. Os adolescentes têm poucas chances de expor diretamente suas necessidades e estas aparecem intermediadas pelos técnicos. Identificaram-se conflitos entre as equipes que atuam no fluxo assistencial nas demandas associadas ao "mau comportamento", pois há encaminhamentos dissociados de questões de saúde mental.

Discursos sobre as demandas de saúde mental de jovens cumprindo medida de internação no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil / Discourses about mental health demands of young offenders serving detention measure in juvenile correctional centers in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as concepções discursivas do que é considerado demanda de saúde mental dos adolescentes cumprindo medida de internação nas unidades socioeducativas do Rio de Janeiro. Realizaram-se nove entrevistas com os profissionais de saúde mental do sistema socioeducativo e os resultados foram discutidos com o apoio da análise de discurso crítica de Fairclough. Foram identificados quatro grupos discursivos: o primeiro apresenta intertextualidade com o discurso psiquiátrico, o segundo com a reforma psiquiátrica, o terceiro com o discurso de determinantes sociais e o quarto com discursos institucionais de "mau" comportamento dos jovens. Conclui-se que as concepções são distintas entre os profissionais, mas não há hegemonia de um discurso. Os discursos se atravessam e se conectam especialmente na problematização dos determinantes sociais. Há sobrevalorização dos profissionais de saúde e de assistência enquanto vocalizadores das demandas. Os adolescentes têm poucas chances de expor diretamente suas necessidades e estas aparecem intermediadas pelos técnicos. Identificaram-se conflitos entre as equipes que atuam no fluxo assistencial nas demandas associadas ao "mau comportamento", pois há encaminhamentos dissociados de questões de saúde mental.

Abstract This paper aims to analyze the discursive conceptions of what is considered mental health demand of young offenders serving detention measure in juvenile correctional centers in Rio de Janeiro. Nine interviews were conducted with the mental health professionals of these centers, and the results were discussed with the support of Fairclough's critical discourse analysis. Four discursive groups were identified: the first shows intertextuality with the psychiatric discourse; the second, with the Psychiatric Reform; the third, with the discourse of social determinants; and the fourth, with institutional discourses about adolescents' misbehavior. It is concluded that the conceptions are different among the professionals, but there is no single predominant discourse. The statements are related and especially linked through the discussion of social determinants. Health professionals and social workers as demand vocalizers are overvalued. Adolescents are barely given the opportunity of directly exposing their needs, and demands are mediated by technicians. We identified conflicts between staff members working in the care flow concerning the misbehavior-associated demands because some referrals are unrelated to mental health issues.