Perceptions on Diversity in Cardiology: A Survey of Cardiology Fellowship Training Program Directors.

Background The lack of diversity in the cardiovascular physician workforce is thought to be an important driver of racial and sex disparities in cardiac care. Cardiology fellowship program directors play a critical role in shaping the cardiology workforce. Methods and Results To assess program directors' perceptions about diversity and barriers to enhancing diversity, the authors conducted a survey of 513 fellowship program directors or associate directors from 193 unique adult cardiology fellowship training programs. The response rate was 21% of all individuals (110/513) representing 57% of US general adult cardiology training programs (110/193). While 69% of respondents endorsed the belief that diversity is a driver of excellence in health care, only 26% could quote 1 to 2 references to support this statement. Sixty-three percent of respondents agreed that "our program is diverse already so diversity does not need to be increased." Only 6% of respondents listed diversity as a top 3 priority when creating the cardiovascular fellowship rank list. Conclusions These findings suggest that while program directors generally believe that diversity enhances quality, they are less familiar with the literature that supports that contention and they may not share a unified definition of "diversity." This may result in diversity enhancement having a low priority. The authors propose several strategies to engage fellowship training program directors in efforts to diversify cardiology fellowship training programs.

Outrunning Burnout in a GI Fellowship Program During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Many GI training programs have needed to adjust to the serious disruption to the training and education of fellows worldwide due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A silent problem that has arisen within programs is the issue of burnout among their trainees. Burnout is common among gastroenterologists, especially in fellows (Keswani et al. in Gastroenterology 147(1):11-14, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2014.05.023 , Am J Gastroenterol 106(10):1734-1740, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2011.148 ), with negative consequences to patient care and the safety of the trainees if not effectively dealt with. In this article, the author describes several additional factors potentially contributing to the intensifying burnout of the fellows in their home institution during this pandemic. Moreover, he describes specific practical interventions that the hospital and program have taken in order to address these factors.

Responsibility, planning and risk management: moralizing everyday finance through financial education.

The individualization, privatization and marketization of risk management represent a fundamental dimension of the financialization of everyday life. As individuals are required to engage with financial products and services as the main way of protecting themselves from risks and uncertainties, their economic welfare and security are construed as depending largely on their own financial decisions. Within this setting, the concept of financial literacy and accompanying practices of financial education have emerged as a prominent institutional field handling the formulation and communication of the attributes and dispositions that arguably constitute the proper financial actor. This article analyzes financial education programmes currently conducted by state agencies in Israel, examining the notions and principles they articulate when defining and explaining proper financial conduct. The study indicates that moral themes and categories occupy a salient place in the formulation of the character traits that constitute the desired literate financial actor. Notions of individual responsibility, planning ahead and rational risk management are presented not merely as instrumental resources, but as moral imperatives. Through these notions, the programmes moralize a broad array of everyday practices of personal finance such as saving, investing, borrowing and budget management, thereby connecting the sphere of financial matters to the domain of moral virtues. Offering a representation of particular modes of financial conduct as constitutive components of morally virtuous personhood, these practices imbue the financial field as a whole, especially its current generalized logic of individualized and marketized risk management, with moral meanings, hence contributing to the normalization and depoliticization of the financialization of everyday life.

Poder pensar hoy, en nuestra América Latina y en concreto en Colombia [Editorial] / To think today, in our Latin America and particularly in Colombia [Editorial]

Poder pensar hoy, en nuestra América Latina y en concreto en Colombia, que la investigación sea más que políticas que llevan a la tecno-burocratización del saber y por el contrario que los investigadores e investigadoras podemos abrir el abanico de posibilidades, es un reto que como especie viajera y excéntrica tenemos, un imperativo llamado político a no dejarnos reducir a la acumulación y a la fachada de la producción “científica”. Eésta reflexión cobra aún más sentido al saber que hoy, en Colombia, se juega la superación de un componente importante del conflicto armado, derivado de sus inequitativas estructuras socio-políticas...

To think today in our Latin America and particularly in Colombia, where the overcoming of an important component of the armed conflict is at stake, which is derived from its unequal social and political structures. It is important that research be more than policiesleading to techno-bureaucracy of knowledge, and that, on the contrary, researchers can open the range of possibilities, which is a challenge as a traveler and eccentric kind. It isa political and imperative call so that we do not allow ourselves to be captivated with the accumulation and the facade of “scientific” research...

Publindex: más que un proceso de indexación / Publindex: more than a simple indexing process

Este artículo, producto de investigación, expone las principales características del Sistema Nacional de Referencia para la Evaluación de Publicaciones Científicas colombianas (Publindex), logros, avances, interacciones y sus contribuciones a la medición de la publicación científica en el país.

This article, derived from a piece of research, sets out the main features of the National System of Reference for the Evaluation of the Colombian Scientific Publications (Publindex), achievements, progress, interactions, and their contributions to the measurement of scientific publications in the country.

El lenguaje mercantil, se impone en la educacion universitaria / Mercantile language is imposed on college education

El presente texto, derivado de investigación, presenta cómo, entre los cambios que han afectado a la educación Superior en las últimas décadas en el mundo occidentaly por ende en América Latina, sobresale la imposición de otra lógica, propia de laempresa privada, que ha venido acompañada de la implantación de un nuevo lenguaje importadoen gran medida del ámbito gerencial, esto genera unos impactos nefastos en la manera de concebir las políticas, la planeación y a la hora de definir los lineamientos mismos de la educación superior.

The present text, derived from a piece of research, presents how, among thechanges that have affected Higher Education in recent decades in the Western world and thus in Latin America, excels the imposition of another logic, which is proper of the private company, and has been accompanied by the implementationof a new language largely imported from the managerial area. This generates a few dreadful impacts on the way of conceiving the policies and planning when it comes to defining the same guidelines of Higher Education.

Repercusión del proyecto neoliberal en la educación superior en Colombia / Repercussion of the neoliberal project on the higher Colombian education

El presente escrito derivado de investigación, prestan algunas de las políticas macroeconómicas implementadas en Colombia, impuestas por las Instituciones Financieras Internacionales, caso específico, del Fondo Monetario Internacional ysu acuerdo extendido con Colombia, y cómo éstas, han afectado el desarrollo del bienestar de la población, haciendo especial énfasis en la manera en cómo se han afectado las políticas que vienen imponiéndose en la Educación Superior.

The present article, derived from a piece of research, provides some of themacroeconomic policies implemented in Colombia, imposed by the internationalfinancial institutions, the specific case being the International Monetary Fund and its extended agreement with Colombia, and how these have affected the development of the well-being of the population, making special emphasis on how the policies that have been imposed on Higher Education, have been affected.

El conocimiento inventariado. Apuntes criticos sobre el modelo de indexación de las publicaciones academicas en Colombia / Inventoried knowledge. Critical notes, on the model of indexing of academic publications in Colombia

En este ensayo nos proponemos compartir una serie de reflexiones sobre las condiciones existentes para la publicación de artículos académicos en Colombia. En particular nos interesa ofrecer elementos para el debate sobre la política de indexación de revistas académicas que ha definido el Departamento Administrativode Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para Colombia (Colciencias) por medio de su Sistema Nacional de Indexación y Homologación de Revistas Especializadas de CT+I Colombia (Publindex). En el ensayo destacamos algunas consecuencias de tal modelo, sustentado en la confianza y delegación que Colciencias tiene en un modelo de indexación establecido por dos empresas privadas y con ánimo de lucro: Thomson Reuters (Isi)™ y Scopus Elsevier™. El objeto principal del ensayo es contribuir al mejoramiento de las políticas editoriales agenciadas desde Colciencias.

This paper attempts to share a series of reflections on the existing conditions forthe publication of scholarly articles in Colombia. In particular, we are interested in providing some elements for the debate on the policy of indexing academic journals that the Administrative Department of Science, Technology and Innovation forColombia (Colciencias) and its National System of Indexing and Official Approval of Specialized Journals of CT+I Colombia (Publnidex), has defined, making emphasis on the consequences of this new model of indexing, which is supported in the almost exclusive recognition of journals that are indexed by two private profitmakingcompanies: Thomson Reuters (Isi)™ and Scopus-Elsevier.

Saber, manipulación y poder. la universidad como institución social / Knowledge, manipulation, and power: the university as a social institution

El texto es una reflexión sobre la universidad como institución social, realizada a partir de varios estudios desarrollados en cuyos hallazgos se evidencia, en primer lugar, el interés de algunas estancias por convertirla en un escenario de manipulación y control, reduciéndola a la racionalidad de los organismos funcionales, frente ala dinámica propia que la universidad instaura como institución social cuya base se moviliza desde las significaciones imaginarias sociales. En este proceso, se muestra desde la lógica de la teoría de los imaginarios sociales, la forma como la universidad se configura e institucionaliza en una tensión constante, entre el sabery el control, entre la función y la institución y se dan las bases que la definen y posicionan como institución imaginaria social.

The text is a reflection on the University as a social institution, based on severalstudies developed on whose findings are made evident, firstly, the interest of some stances by turning it into a scenario of manipulation and control, by reducing it to the rationality of the functional agencies, against the very dynamic that the University establishes as a social institution whose base is mobilized from the social imaginary significations. In this process, it is shown from the logic of thetheory of the social imaginary, the manner how the University is configured and institutionalized at a constant pressure, between knowledge and control, between function and institution, and the foundations, which define it and position it as a social imaginary institution are defined.

Implicaciones para el desarrollo de las personas a través de la formación del profesorado en entornos donde existen procesos universales de desarrollo, mediada por interacciones virtuales / Implications for the development of people through teacher training in settings in which there are universal developmental processes, mediated by virtual interaction

El presente texto, recoge las discusiones y reflexiones derivadas de variasinvestigaciones en las que se describe, analiza y evidencia la participación de los actores que conforman la actual sociedad de la información como constantes de la educación superior en México, los paliativos que de ella se emanan, la transmisión de información y los procesos de formación actuales, el desafío de construir signos y símbolos cuando las señales ya no son controladas por el dispositivo pedagógico tradicional lo que exige, en un contexto cambiante, que la educación superior no sea más un interior autosuficiente, posibilitando la producción de subjetividades por las clases disciplinares y de control, legitimadas por medio de viejas y nuevas tecnologías.

The present text, includes discussions and reflections derived from several studies in which the participation of the actors that make up the current information society as constants of higher education in Mexico are described, analyzed, and madeevident, as well as the palliatives emanating from it, transmission of information and the current training processes, the challenge of building signs and symbols when the signals are no longer controlled by the traditional pedagogical device, which requires, in a changing context, that higher education is no longer a selfsufficient interior, making the production of subjectivity possible by the disciplinary and control classes, legitimized by means of old and new technologies.

Competencias docentes para la enseñanza de la metodología de la investigación y la evaluación de trabajos de grado y tesis doctorales en administración / The teaching competences for the instruction of research and the evaluation of research papers and doctoral theses in management

Este artículo aborda un tema de especial relevancia en la dinámica académica actual y en el proceso de formación de los estudiantes de pre y postgrado, pues se relaciona directamente con los procesos de enseñanza y evaluación. Por ello este texto aborda dos procesos relacionados directamente con el quehacer investigativo, dado que secentra en la enseñanza de la metodología de la investigación y en la evaluación de trabajos de grado y tesis doctorales y en las habilidades y competencias que deben desarrollar los docentes para realizar estas actividades.

This article discusses a topic of particular relevance in the current academic dynamics and in the process of training of undergraduate and graduate students, as it is directly related to the teaching and evaluation processes. That is why this text addresses these two processes directly related to research activities, giventhat it focuses on the teaching of research methodology and evaluation of research papers and doctoral theses, as well as in the skills and competencies that teachers must develop for carrying out these activities.

Planteamientos pedagógicos relacionados con las ciudadanías propias en la pedagogía crítica de Paulo Freire / Pedagogical approaches related with the very citizenships in Paulo Freire'’s critical pedagogy

Este artículo expone las reflexiones realizadas sobre los fundamentos pedagógicos, políticos y antropológicos de Paulo Freire en relación al análisis de la categoría ciudadanías propias para América Latina.

This article sets out the reflections on Paulo Freire’s pedagogical, political, andanthropological foundations in relation to the analysis of the very citizenshipcategory for Latin American.

La influencia de la teología de la liberación en el pensamiento pedagógico de Paulo Freire y de Luis Oscar Londoño Zapata / The influence of the theology of liberation in the pedagogical thinking of Paulo Freire and Luis Oscar Londono Zapata

El presente documento resultado de investigación, hace un recorrido por elpensamiento pedagógico de Paulo Freire y Luís Oscar Londoño Zapata, su relación con el pensamiento cristiano personalista, la influencia de la Teología de la liberación y cómo a través del conocimiento de la propia realidad, el sujeto puede autodeterminarse.

This current document, which is the result of a piece of research, makes a tour of the pedagogic thinking of Paulo Freire and Luis Oscar Londoño Zapata, its relationship with the personalist Christian thought, the influence of the theology of liberation and how through the knowledge of reality itself, the subject can determine himself.

Psicología pastoral: aproximaciones teóricas y tendencias actuales / Pastoral psychology, theoretical approaches, and current tendencies

El presente artículo pretende mostrar la importancia que en los últimos tiempos ha cobrado la psicología en el ámbito de la pastoral, y es por esto que se hará un recuento de los principales autores que han abordado este tema, para luego adentrarnos en aspectos psicopatológicos que se aplican a este campo.

This current article aims to show the importance that, in the last few years, psychology has had in the pastoral setting, and that is why an inventory of the main authors, in this issue, will be made. Then, we will go into some psychopathological aspects, which apply in this field.

Ética, equidad y meritocracia en la mercantilización de la educación en Colombia en la mercantilización de la educación superior colombiana / Ethics, equity and meritocracy in the commodification of higher education in Colombia / Ética, equidade e meritocracia na mercantilização da ensino superior colombiana

El artículo analiza el comportamiento de la educación superior en el contexto de la economía de mercado desde sus lineamientos económicos y desde los valores morales y éticos teniendo al hombre como sujeto central y por consiguiente receptor de la filosofía de un modelo mercantilista en su esencia. El análisis devela la paradoja entre un paradigma mercado- céntrico y la visión antropocéntrica de la educación. La discusión sobre pobreza, desigualdad, justicia social y los debates referentes a la equidad redistributiva, están cargados de eufemismos y prejuicios que colocan la cuestión en un ambiente altamente subjetivo. Posturas sociológicas, económicas, educativas y aún aquellas que atribuyen el problema de la distribución como algo infaliblemente connatural al ser humano asociado a las oportunidades y méritos constituyen el entramado teórico en medio de unos sucesos fácticos, la lucha por el poder. Se utiliza la metodología de la Economía de la Educación en el análisis de la relación entre el modelo económico y la universidad concibiendo a la educación como un sistema de entrada y salida. Se concluye que la educación perdió su valor clásico de riqueza cultural idealizada en el Triángulo Humano que convergía entre sus vértices los conceptos del ser, el saber y el hacer con un ser humano como mediador y es afectada por el concepto mercantil de la economía de mercado. La meritocracia en este contexto constituye una forma de esconder la incapacidad del Estado en la asistencia social.

The article analyzes the behavior of higher education in the context of the market economy from its economic guidelines and from the moral and ethical values taking man as the central subject and therefore philosophy receptor mercantilist model in its essence. The analysis reveals the paradox between a market-centric paradigm and the anthropocentric view of education. The discussion on poverty, inequality, social justice and equity debates on redistribution, are full of euphemisms and prejudices which put the issue in a highly subjective. Postures sociological, economic, educational and even those who attribute the distribution problem as something inherent to humans inevitably associated opportunities and merit are the theoretical framework Amid a factual events the struggle for power. It uses the methodology of the Economics of Education in the analysis of the relationship enter the economic and conceiving college education as an entry and exit system. We conclude that education lost its classical value of idealized cultural wealth in human triangle that converged between its vertices the concepts of being, knowing and doing with a human being as a mediator and is affected by the concept of the commercial market economy. Meritocracy in this context is a way to hide the failure of the welfare state.

Este artigo analisa o comportamento do ensino superior no contexto da economía de mercado a partir de suas directrizes econômicas e dos valores morais e éticos, tendo o homem como o sujeito central e, portanto, receptor da filosofía de um modelo mercantilista em sua essência. A análise revela o paradoxo entre um paradigma centrado no mercado e da visão antropocéntrica da educação. A discussão sobre a pobreza, a desigualdade, a justiça social e os debates relativos à equidade na redistribuição estão cheios de eufemismos e preconceitos que colocam a questão numa atmosfera altamente subjetiva. Posturas sociológicas, económicas, educativas e ainda aquelas que atribuem o problema da distribuição como algo infaliblemente connatural ao ser humano associado às oportunidades e mértos constituem a malha teórica no meio de uns acontecimentos fácticos, a luta pelo poder. A economia da metodologia de ensino é utilizada na análise da relação entre o modelo econômico e a Universidade concebendo a educação como um sistema de entrada e saída. Conclui-se que a educação perdeu seu valor clássica de riqueza cultural, idealizada no triângulo humano que convergiu entre seus vértices, o conceptos de ser, saber e fazer com um ser humano como um mediador e é afetada pelo conceito comercial da economia de mercado. A meritocracia neste contexto é uma maneira de esconder o fracasso do Estado na assistência social.

The ethical self-fashioning of physicians and health care systems in culturally appropriate health care.

Diverse advocacy groups have pushed for the recognition of cultural differences in health care as a means to redress inequalities in the U.S., elaborating a form of biocitizenship that draws on evidence of racial and ethnic health disparities to make claims on both the state and health care providers. These efforts led to federal regulations developed by the U.S. Office of Minority Health requiring health care organizations to provide Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services. Based on ethnographic research at workshops and conferences, in-depth interviews with cultural competence trainers, and an analysis of postings to a moderated listserv with 2,000 members, we explore cultural competence trainings as a new type of social technology in which health care providers and institutions are urged to engage in ethical self-fashioning to eliminate prejudice and embody the values of cultural relativism. Health care providers are called on to re-orient their practice (such as habits of gaze, touch, and decision-making) and to act on their own subjectivities to develop an orientation toward Others that is "culturally competent." We explore the diverse methods that cultural competence trainings use to foster a health care provider's ability to be self-reflexive, including face-to-face workshops and classes and self-guided on-line modules. We argue that the hybrid formation of culturally appropriate health care is becoming detached from its social justice origins as it becomes rationalized by and more firmly embedded in the operations of the health care marketplace.

[Educational system and equal opportunities for young people in care: recent studies in the UK]. / Sistema educativo e igualdad de oportunidades entre los jóvenes tutelados: estudios recientes en el Reino Unido.

Publications on research about formal educational itineraries of people who were cared for by the social protection public systems when they were children are scarce, and restricted to a few countries. In recent years, statistics from some European countries have been published, showing that the young people who were cared for are overrepresented in practically all the clusters of people that accumulate indicators of social disadvantage, and it has therefore been argued that they can be considered one of the groups of population with the highest risk for social exclusion. In the present review, the emergence of new data and research results in some European countries--particularly in the United Kingdom, where the fact that less than 5% of this population reaches university studies has been underlined--is tentatively contextualised. Although the extent to which current available data can be extrapolated to other contexts and countries is yet unclear, such results raise important challenges for social intervention and social policies, as well as for psychosocial research, in all countries of the European space.

Inequidad en salud y educación: análisis introductorio de cara a un modelo de país / Health inequalities and education: introductory analysis on face a country model

La inequidad, la salud y la educación son tres indicadores relacionadas que condicionan el desarrollo de una sociedad. En este artículo se intenta hacer una aproximación a su mejor comprensión de cara a la planificación y gestión intersectorial como una de las bases que hacen a un modelo de país.