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Abstract Aim: The general aim was to analyze the profile of the teams participating in a basketball regional competition over 8 years (2012-2019). Specifically, we aimed to a) analyze the variation in the number of an organization participating, b) identify the variation in the type of funding, c) verify the existence of a relationship between the performance and the longevity of the organization, d) verify the existence of a relationship between the performance and the type of funding. Methods: The research was designed as an exploratory case study. A total of 86 organizations took part in the league during the period, with 767 different teams playing competitions between U-11 and senior. Results: Instability is the main characteristic of the league. The organizations competing are constantly changing the type of funding and unable to stay in the league for long periods. The research also showed that there is a relation between a stable source of funding and performance. Conclusion: Instability is the main problem in Brazilian youth and amateur basketball organizations. This study presents useful information for managers better understand the problems and difficulties of basketball in Brazil.
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Humanos , Basquetebol/economia , Financiamento de Capital/organização & administração , Desempenho Atlético , Brasil , Estudos LongitudinaisAssuntos
Financiamento de Capital/organização & administração , Infecções por Coronavirus/economia , Alocação de Recursos para a Atenção à Saúde/organização & administração , Pandemias/economia , Pneumonia Viral/economia , COVID-19 , Gastos de Capital , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/terapia , Humanos , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/terapiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Rural and remote Australia has a shortage of allied health clinicians. The provision of quality rural placement experiences for allied health students has been a significant strategy to address these health workforce shortages. Service learning rural placements are providing allied health services in small rural towns where previously allied health services were limited or did not exist. Published literature has little detailed description of the origin or nature of particular placement programs. METHODS: An increase in Commonwealth funding for rural allied health clinical placements led to the development of an innovative service learning placement model in northern New South Wales, the Rural Community-Based Work-Ready Placement Program. During this placement, students were paired for 4-10 full-time weeks in a preschool, school or aged care facility. The program's fundamental properties included cultural and social equity education, providing continuous service throughout the year, and quality improvement initiatives in placement sites. The program was underpinned by an interdisciplinary approach that included interdisciplinary placements, interdisciplinary supervision and a structured interdisciplinary education program. RESULTS: The program required investment in stakeholder engagement and in the alignment of universities' requirements for student learning outcomes and the sites' specific needs. Clinical supervisors had to adapt to supervising students from various disciplines and universities across several sites, towns and services. The program provided students with opportunities to work autonomously, problem-solve and to initiate and implement quality improvement projects at each site. CONCLUSION: Careful selection of students, adequate preparation and management of students' expectations were important contributors to the success of the program. Providing a continuous service is an ongoing logistical challenge.
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Pessoal Técnico de Saúde/educação , Seleção de Pessoal/organização & administração , Serviços de Saúde Rural/organização & administração , População Rural/estatística & dados numéricos , Pessoal Técnico de Saúde/psicologia , Financiamento de Capital/organização & administração , Escolha da Profissão , Humanos , New South Wales , Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas/organização & administração , Desenvolvimento de PessoalAssuntos
Financiamento de Capital/organização & administração , Gerenciamento Clínico , Saúde Sexual/tendências , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/epidemiologia , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/prevenção & controle , Sociedades Científicas/economia , Sociedades Científicas/organização & administração , Humanos , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/diagnóstico , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/tratamento farmacológico , Reino UnidoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: We assessed the influence of a result-based financing (RBF) model, which included incentives for Primary Healthcare facilities on TB treatment outcomes. METHODOLOGY: We compared TB patients > 17 years and their treatment outcomes among those who did and did not benefit from RBF-model in 14 districts of Odeska oblast, Ukraine in 2017. Log-binomial regression was used to examine factors associated with being included in RBF-model. RESULTS: Of 2,269 reported TB patients, 308 (14%) were included in RBF-model. Most patients in the RBF-model were from rural areas 229 (74%), unemployed 218 (71%), and HIV-infected 131 (43%). Individuals from urban areas (Adjusted risk ratio, ARR =0.9, 95% Confidence Interval, CI:0.89-0.94), having drug-resistant TB (ARR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.18-0.45), and relapse TB (ARR = 0.6, 95% CI:0.40-0.83) were less likely to be included in RBF-model. Favorable outcomes in new/relapse cases with RBF-model was 89% compared with 41% (p < 0.001) without RBF. Similarly, for other retreatment this was 83% versus 40% (p < 0.001). Failures in the no-RBF group was 29% for new and relapse cases while for other retreatment cases, it was 26% (significantly higher than in the RBF-model). CONCLUSION: RBF-model is effective in achieving high levels of favorable TB treatment outcomes. Almost three-in-ten TB patients in non-RBF category failed TB treatment despite having drug-susceptible TB. Efforts are now needed to include it within ongoing public health reforms and assess the feasibility of scaling-up this intervention through implementation research and dedicated funding.
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Antituberculosos/uso terapêutico , Serviços de Diagnóstico/organização & administração , Gerenciamento Clínico , Atenção Primária à Saúde/métodos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/organização & administração , Tuberculose/diagnóstico , Tuberculose/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Financiamento de Capital/organização & administração , Feminino , Política de Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Tuberculose/tratamento farmacológico , Ucrânia/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Financiamento de Capital , Economia Hospitalar , Eficiência Organizacional/economia , Hospitais Públicos/economia , Austrália , Canadá , Financiamento de Capital/métodos , Financiamento de Capital/organização & administração , Economia Hospitalar/organização & administração , Europa (Continente) , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/economia , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde/economia , Estados UnidosRESUMO
The biological and medical importance of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been recognized for decades. The aim of this bibliometric study is to analyze the quantity and quality of publications in H2S biology and medicine (H2SBM) based on the databases of Web of Science and Google Scholar. A total of 5881 publications published between 1990 and 2016 were analyzed. The number of H2SBM papers published before 2004 was below 100 annually, but thereafter this number rapidly increased and peaked in 2015 with more than 7-fold increase. All publications related to H2SBM research achieved a total h-index of 136 and were cited 123,074 times. The most published disciplines in H2S biomedicine research were the cardiovascular system (8.5%), neuroscience (6.5%), and gastroenterology hepatology (4.7%). The country with the greatest number of publications in the H2SBM research field was the USA with 1765 (30.0%) publications, followed by China with 995 (16.9%) publications and Japan with 555 (9.4%) publications. The top 3 most published institutes were National University of Singapore, Peking University in China, and University of Groningen in Netherlands. Nitric Oxide Biology and Chemistry was the most exploited journal for H2SBM publications with 461 articles, followed by FASEB Journal with 200 publications and Antioxidants Redox Signaling with 116 publications. The most highly cited publications and researchers in H2SBM research were also unmasked from this bibliometric analysis. Collectively, H2SBM publications exhibit a continuous trend of increase, reflecting the increased H2SBM research intensity and diversity globally.
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Bibliometria , Pesquisa Biomédica/estatística & dados numéricos , Pesquisa Biomédica/tendências , Sulfeto de Hidrogênio , Bibliometria/história , Pesquisa Biomédica/história , Financiamento de Capital/organização & administração , Bases de Dados Factuais , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Fator de Impacto de Revistas , Publicações/história , Publicações/estatística & dados numéricos , Publicações/tendênciasRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To identify the major stakeholders in mobile health app development and to describe their financial relationships using social network analysis. METHODS: We conducted a structured content analysis of a purposive sample of prominent health and fitness apps available in November 2015 in the United States, Canada, and Australia. We conducted a social network analysis of apps' developers, investors, other funding sources, and content advisors to describe the financial relationships underpinning health app development. RESULTS: Prominent health and fitness apps are largely developed by private companies based in North America, with an average of 4.7 (SD = 5.5) financial relations, including founders, external investors, acquiring companies, and commercial partnerships. Network analysis revealed a core of 41 sampled apps connected to 415 other entities by 466 financial relations. This core largely comprised apps published by major technology, pharmaceutical, and fashion corporations. About one third of apps named advisors, many of whom had commercial affiliations. CONCLUSIONS: Public health needs to extend its scrutiny and advocacy beyond the health messages contained within apps to understanding commercial influences on health and, when necessary, challenging them.
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Financiamento de Capital , Comércio , Aplicativos Móveis , Apoio Social , Austrália , Canadá , Financiamento de Capital/economia , Financiamento de Capital/organização & administração , Comércio/economia , Comércio/organização & administração , Indústria Farmacêutica , Humanos , Indústrias/economia , Indústrias/organização & administração , Aplicativos Móveis/economia , Estados UnidosRESUMO
An estimated U.S. $300 billion is spent each year on medical research. What proportion of this goes to genomics and genetics research in Africa? Until recently, this type of question was nearly impossible to answer. The World RePORT database, sponsored by the Heads of International Research Organizations (HIRO) and managed by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), provides a first attempt at answering questions on the distribution of research funding by geography and research organization. In this journal issue on the Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3Africa), we explore the geography of biomedical research funding in the genomics field with special emphasis on Africa. Using World RePORT, we identified 185 research projects in genetics and genomics in Africa in 2015 with total funding exceeding U.S. $216 million. These numbers are likely incomplete and more efforts at collating data from funder organizations is needed. A comprehensive snapshot of funders' portfolios will be invaluable to research investigators and policy makers in the identification of research gaps and analysis of allocation priorities to facilitate evidence-based decision-making for public-research-funding organizations.
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Pesquisa Biomédica/economia , Financiamento de Capital/organização & administração , Genômica/economia , África , Bases de Dados Factuais , HumanosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The Orthopaedic Research and Education Foundation (OREF) is the leading specialty-specific nongovernmental organization providing orthopaedic funding in the United States. As extramural research funding has become increasingly difficult to acquire, one mission of the OREF is to support investigators to generate data needed to secure larger extramural funding from agencies such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the rate of translating OREF faculty-level grants into subsequent NIH funding and to determine if there are identifiable factors that increase the rate of converting an OREF grant into NIH funding. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of OREF grants awarded to full-time faculty orthopaedic surgeons between 1994 and 2014. Grants were analyzed on the basis of award type and were categorized as basic science, clinical, or epidemiological. Sex, individual scholarly productivity, and publication experience were evaluated. All awardees were assessed for subsequent NIH funding using the NIH RePORTER web site. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty-six faculty-level OREF grants were awarded to 121 individuals. Twenty-seven OREF grant awardees (22%) received NIH funding at a mean of 6.3 years after OREF funding. Nineteen (46%) of 41 Career Development Grant winners later received NIH funding compared with 10 (12%) of 85 other award winners. OREF grants for basic science projects were awarded more often (58%) and were more than 4 times as likely to result in NIH funding than non-basic science projects (odds ratio, 4.70 [95% confidence interval, 1.66 to 13.33]; p = 0.0036). Faculty who later received NIH funding had higher scholarly productivity and publication experience (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The OREF grant awardee conversion rate of 22% and, particularly, the 46% for Career Development Grant winners compares favorably with the overall NIH funding success rate (18% in 2014). Faculty-level OREF grants appear to achieve their purpose of identifying and supporting researchers who aim to secure subsequent federal funding. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The goal of this study is to examine how successful faculty who have obtained OREF grants have been in securing NIH funding later in their careers. Although subsequent accrual of NIH funding is not the only goal of OREF funding, it can be used as an important benchmark to assess the development of orthopaedic clinician-scientists.
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Pesquisa Biomédica/economia , Financiamento de Capital/organização & administração , Organização do Financiamento , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economia , Ortopedia/economia , Apoio à Pesquisa como Assunto/economia , Fundações/economia , Humanos , Estados UnidosAssuntos
Dissidências e Disputas , Monitoramento Ambiental , Incineração , Manobras Políticas , Financiamento de Capital/organização & administração , Cidades , Participação da Comunidade , Crowdsourcing , Monitoramento Ambiental/economia , Poluição Ambiental/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Humanos , Incineração/legislação & jurisprudência , Internet , Itália , Mães , Mídias SociaisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: A proportion of newly qualified doctors report feeling unprepared to manage patients with palliative care and end-of-life needs. This may be related to barriers within their institution during undergraduate training. Information is limited regarding the current organisation of palliative care teaching across UK medical schools. AIMS: To investigate the evolution and structure of palliative care teaching at UK medical schools. DESIGN: Anonymised, web-based questionnaire. Settings/participants: Results were obtained from palliative care course organisers at all 30 UK medical schools. RESULTS: The palliative care course was established through active planning (13/30, 43%), ad hoc development (10, 33%) or combination of approaches (7, 23%). The place of palliative care teaching within the curriculum varied. A student-selected palliative care component was offered by 29/30 (97%). All medical schools sought student feedback. The course was reviewed in 26/30 (87%) but not in 4. Similarly, a course organiser was responsible for the palliative care programme in 26/30 but not in 4. A total of 22 respondents spent a mean of 3.9 h (median 2.5)/week in supporting/delivering palliative care education (<1-16 h). In all, 17/29 (59%) had attended a teaching course or shared duties with a colleague who had done so. Course organisers received titular recognition in 18/27 (67%; no title 9 (33%); unknown 3 (11%)). An academic department of Palliative Medicine existed in 12/30 (40%) medical schools. Funding was not universally transparent. Palliative care teaching was associated with some form of funding in 20/30 (66%). CONCLUSION: Development, organisation, course evaluation and funding for palliative care teaching at UK medical schools are variable. This may have implications for delivery of effective palliative care education for medical students.
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Educação de Graduação em Medicina/normas , Cuidados Paliativos , Adulto , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Financiamento de Capital/organização & administração , Educação de Graduação em Medicina/economia , Educação de Graduação em Medicina/organização & administração , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Assistência Terminal , Reino UnidoAssuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/isolamento & purificação , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Financiamento de Capital/organização & administração , Doenças Transmissíveis/tratamento farmacológico , Descoberta de Drogas/tendências , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Setor Privado , Setor PúblicoRESUMO
The National Institutes of Health needs to make radical changes to ensure that biomedical research continues to thrive in the United States.
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Pesquisa Biomédica/economia , Pesquisa Biomédica/organização & administração , Financiamento de Capital/organização & administração , Humanos , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , Estados UnidosRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This work aims to test whether different segments of healthcare provision differentially attract private capital and thus offer heterogeneous opportunities for private investors' diversification strategies. METHODS: Thomson Reuter's SDC Platinum database provided data on 2563 merger and acquisition (M&A) deals targeting healthcare providers in Western Europe between 1990 and 2010. Longitudinal trends of industrial and geographical characteristics of M&As' targets and acquirers are examined. RESULTS: Our analyses highlight: (i) a relative decrease of long-term care facilities as targets of M&As, replaced by an increasing prominence of general hospitals, (ii) a shrinking share of long-term care facilities as targets of financial service organizations' acquisitions, in favor of general hospitals, and (iii) an absolute and relative decrease of long-term care facilities' role as target of cross-border M&As. CONCLUSIONS: We explain the decreasing interest of private investors towards long-term care facilities along three lines of reasoning, which take into account the saturation of the long-term care market and the liberalization of acute care provision across Western European countries, regulatory interventions aimed at reducing private ownership to ensure resident outcomes and new cultural developments in favor of small-sized facilities, which strengthen the fragmentation of the sector. These findings advance the literature investigating the effect of private ownership on health outcomes in long-term facilities. Market, policy and cultural forces have emerged over two decades to jointly regulate the presence of privately owned, large-sized long-term care providers, seemingly contributing to safeguard residents' well-being. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Financiamento de Capital/organização & administração , Atenção à Saúde/organização & administração , Instituições Associadas de Saúde/organização & administração , Investimentos em Saúde/organização & administração , Financiamento de Capital/economia , Cuidados Críticos/economia , Cuidados Críticos/organização & administração , Atenção à Saúde/economia , Europa (Continente) , Instituições Associadas de Saúde/economia , Humanos , Assistência de Longa Duração/economia , Assistência de Longa Duração/organização & administraçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Despite the federal initiatives on equitable provision of school nutrition programs, geographic disparity in childhood obesity persists. It may be partly because built-in school nutrition environments rely on each school's efficient use of existing operational funds or its ability to obtain expanded financial support. This study explores how funding acquisition by schools is determined by local community characteristics and how it relates to healthy school meal offerings. METHODS: Information about food preparation technology and funding in 811 schools in Mississippi was obtained by in-depth phone interviews of district child nutrition directors and school foodservice managers, which was matched to socioeconomic indicators of schools and communities. Probit models were estimated. RESULTS: About 56% of schools in the sample received some funds toward combination oven/steamers in the last few years. Small schools, schools in non-metro counties, and those in low-income minority areas were significantly less likely to be funded. Obtainment of funds was associated with a 45 percentage-point reduction in the probability of serving fried foods. CONCLUSIONS: Funds obtained by schools for advanced food preparation technology contributes to creation of healthier nutrition environments for children. However, fund availability is associated with community characteristics, possibly contributing to geographic disparity of child health.
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Financiamento de Capital/economia , Financiamento de Capital/organização & administração , Serviços de Alimentação/economia , Serviços de Alimentação/organização & administração , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Política Nutricional/economia , Geografia , Promoção da Saúde/economia , Disparidades em Assistência à Saúde , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Mississippi , Obesidade/prevenção & controle , Análise de Regressão , Instituições Acadêmicas/economia , Instituições Acadêmicas/organização & administração , Instituições Acadêmicas/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
Borrowing has been inexpensive in recent years. (a) The historically long period of low interest rates has enabled many hospitals and health systems to execute advance refundings of existing bonds, either to obtain economic savings or to alter the organization's capital structure to better reflect a desired risk profile or a merged credit structure.